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HomeMy WebLinkAbout0200 i; . ~.~{ 1 iJ." ,Ul! J ' '(\'l'~'ti ,(0 ".,' .., .."~"'.' . ,;}lh; .: , , r . - '. !,~ " ,'.iil,. I .,~ ( ,;' '; " :, "f~ ,r,' ".' , '. '~ .~ r;--l '., ,I, \) ~ ... J '. - ' . ,"~ r', \ '," ". t~"' ~ , " -{ i '~f~':: ("""";" '. '-,., . .' .. ., '. ~...~.,'. - .. 'ct}:':.".;_, ':"{::~;:' .. :,: ~~;:f i~'I~i\jt,~:~ ," .I"f":',' ~. .....~. . !':I t-;: .' '1.4J .,/' "-.J ,'. .~-~:. ..a..: Q' "'00:: <>;0 . ". ~ ~ "6 ~ ~.. c'"' .... . e1,~ ",0 ':t\ o.~ 'J ~, 'I' I.. '.' ,!'. ! i I, ,(" ! )" "'" ~{ '.'1.'." 'C~ ,<' .~ 1\ " ;t, , . ..,~ 'I " .... ~ '.,. :.il' " .1 , :~ r '1 . ; . - ~.-,.- ~)l 't,- ,-', Uniform TrafEie Otdinance for California Cities ~ .' ~ '5J~ :;:1. .., . "-0 '" "", "'0 e. . . ;~ , .. -' .: .<:;-.- , --"~ -"' . '. " , ,,,..,,J .~ .rj~-- '~ "", l~ ~....;/ .........-:-- (-'""""\. , '';~'l:!.;~~~''.'') , \ .,~ "~.", . . ' ~'"".' . , PRINTED AND SUDMITTED By TilE ~ .\~ .-"--... , J -.../: f~ r"~ t.....l. ........ .' . '-...:- \, ....,........... AUTOMOBILE CLUB OF 'SOUTIIERNCALIFORNIA , 2601 Soutb Figueroa SUat'l1 LOS ANGELES r . I -, , -.---J t ~ <i. '='- B.; ~~ We:> fu'" ",0 ~ Uniform Traffic Ordinance for California Cities ~ ~ I'. Q "'0 ~z: ... . o..Q ... 0: 0:0 ~ ~ Q ..... . ... 0 ~": o..Q ... 0: _ 0: 0 tI P..nlTED J.ND SU!UI.lTTEP By THE AUTOMOBILE CLUB OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA 2601 South Flguero. Street LOS ANGELES ordinance shall be paid into the city treasury and deposited in a special fund, which is hereby created, to be known as the "Street Improvement Fund.JJ There may be appropriated out of said fund such moneys as from time to time may be authorized by the Council-(Board of Trustees) for the purchase and maintenance of official traffic signs, signals, lights, and paint marks necessary to designate the provisions of this ordinance, and the balance of said fund shall be used exclusively in the construction, maintenance and improvement of public streets within this city. Section 46. Effect of Ordinance. If any section, sub-section, sentence, clause or phrase of this ordinance is for any reason held to be unconstitutional, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remain- ing portions of this ordinance. The City Council (Board of 'rrustees) hereby declares that it would have passed this ordinance and each sec- tion, sub-section, sentence, clause and phrase thereof, irrespective of the fact that anyone or more sections, sub-sections, sentences, clauses or phrases be declared unconstitutional. Section 47. Repeal. Ordinance No........... (Former traffic ordinance of the city) of this city is hereby repealed, and all ordinances or parts of ordinances in conflict with or inconsistent with the provi- sions of this ordinance are hereby repealed, except that this repeal shall not affect or prevent the prosecution or punishment of any person for any act done or committed in violation of any ordinance hereby repealed prior to the taking effect of this ordinance. Section 48. Publication of Ordinance. The City Clerk shall certify to the passage of this ordinance and cause the same to be pub- lished in the................................................. 1M 3.27 AC [18] .L ! l\ " ~" " ,,' $f.Q~ 4:~ Pre! ace , THE Uniform Traffic Ordinance, originally sponsored by the Automobile Club of Southern California, has been approved, with the exception of subdivision (b) of Section 9 which has been referred to a joint committee for further study, by the fol- lowing organizations, and they recommend its adoption by Cali- fornia cities: CALIFORNIA PUBLIC SAFETY CONFERENCE CALIFORNIA DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION MUNICIPAL TRAFFIC LEAGUE OF CALIFORNIA CALIFORNIA LEAGUE OF MU~ICIPALlTIES CALIFORNIA STATE AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATION AUTI:U\.IOBILE CLUB OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA I I .~~ This pamphlet contains the text of the ordinance as revised. amended and definitely approved at the meeting of the Municipal Traffic League of California, in"the City of Fresno on the 18th and 19th of November, 1926, except for subsequent minor changes. The ordinance includes those regulations which have been found most desirable by the experience of city officials and traffic experts and the ordinance is supplemental to and not in conflict with the California Vehicle Act. While the ordinance is comprehensive, containing all of those provisions which have been thought neces- sary in the regulation of traffic, it is so framed that provisions not needed in particular localities may be eliminated without destroy. ing the effectiveness of the remaining sections. It is sincerely urged that those provisions which are adopted should not be altered, as alterations would destroy the uniformity of the ordinance. The Automobile Club of Southern California offers the services of its Public Safety and Legal Departments to those cities of Southern California which desire consultation as to the advisability of enacting the entire ordinance or omitting particular provisions which may not be needed. PUBLIC SAFETY AND LEGAL DEPARTMENTS, A utomobile Club of Southern California. Dated: March 10, 1927. "" <'{ t'""'- ~Q "'~ 4. . ~~ ~o [3] INTRODUCTORY NOTE Local traffic regulations} to be successful, must be SIMPLE and UNIFORM. Complicated rules and technical' phrases lead only to confusion. Lack. of uniformity subjects the public to almost intolerable burdens. The automobile has made all of California one community. Inter- urban travel in large volume is a constant fact which necessitates an elimination of the existing variety of local rules. Uniformity in traffic regulations in all the cities of Galifornia will result in a stricter obedience of the law which in turn will be reflected in greater public convenience and safety. It is appropriate that the Automobile Club of Southern California should lead the movement to bring about harmony in traffic control. It has already rendered invaluable service in the solution of street and highway problems. Its Legal Department is responsible for many of the most advanced provisions of the California Vehicle Act. Its Public Safety Department has pointed the way to the reduction of highway accidents. Its Engineering Department has always been at the service of public officials. And through the efforts of the Club, California has an incomparable system of warning and direction signs. The standardization of local traffic control on the basis of this proposed uniform ordinance wlll mark a significant advance in simplicity and uniformity of traffic control, and will set an example for regional co-operation to be followed by the rest of the nation. MILLER McCLINTOCK, Dirutor of the Albert Rusull Erskine Bureau for. Strut Traffic Rnearch in Har<uard Univtriity, and consulting traffic rnginur for San Francisco, Los A ngtlts and Chicago traffic sur. . vey commillus. [4] , < \ ; " Cd) 'Vhen traversing an intersection of highways where the operator during the last one hundred (100) feet of his approach to the intersection does not have a clear and uninterrupted view of such intersection and of the traffic upon all of the highways entering such intersection for a distance of two hundred (200) feet from such inter- section; (2) Twenty (20) miles per hour in a residence district; (3) Thirty-five (35) miles per hour under other conditions. Speeds in excess of those set forth above shall be taken as prima facie but not as conclusive evidence of a speed greater than is reasonable- and proper. Section 41. Boarding or Alighting From Street Cars or Vehicles. It shall be unlawful for any person to board or alight from a street car or vehicle while said street car or vehicle is in motion. Section 4,2. Riding on Car Steps. It shall be unlawful for any person to ride upon the fender or running board of any street car or vehicle. Section .4.3. Railwav Trains and Street Cars Not to Block Street. It shall be unla{dul for the operator of any steam, interurban or street railway train or car to operate the same in such a manner as to prevent the use of any street for purposes of travel for a period of time longer than five (5) minutes. ARTICLE Vll: Penalties Section 44. Penalty. Any person violating any of the provisions of this ordinance, or any rule or 'f"egulation made by the Board of Police Commissioners (Chief of Police) (City Manager) pursuant thereto, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof, shall be punished for the first offense by a fine not to. exceed Fifty ($50.00) Dollars, or by imprisonment in the city jail for not more than five (5) days; for a second offense within a period of one (1) year from the date of the first offense by a fine not to exceed One Hundred ($100.00) Dollars, or by imprisonment in the city jail for not more than ten (10) days, or by both such fine and imprisonment; for a third and each addi- tional offense committed within one (1) year from the date of the first offense by a fine not to exceed Three H und red ($300.00) Dollars, or by imprisonment in the city jail for not more than three (3) months, or by both such fine and imprisonment. Section 45. Disposition of Fines and Forfeitures. All fines or forfeitures collected upon conviction or upon the forfeiture of bail of any person charged with a violation of any of the provisions of this [17 ] ARTICLE VI. Street Cars ~ection 38. Rules Applicable to Vehicles Passing Street Cars. The driver of a vehicle overtaking any railway, interurban or street car stopped or about to stop for the purpose of receiving or dis- charging any passenger, shall bring such vehicle to a full stop at least ten (t 0) feet in the rear of such street car and remain stationary until any such passenger has boarded such car or reached a place of safety, except that where a safety zone has been established, or at an intersec- tion where traffic is controlled by an officer or a traffic stop and go signal, a vehicle need not be brought to a full stop before passing any such railway, interurban or street car, but may proceed past such car at a speed not greater than is reasonable or proper and in no event greater than ten (10) miles an hour and with due caution for the safety of pedestrians. ~ Section 39. Driving on Street Car Tracks, Passing Safety Zones. <a) It shall be unlawful for the operator of any vehicle proceeding upon any street car tracks in front of a street car to fail to remove said vehicle from said tracks as soon as practicable after signal from the operator of said street car. (b) It shall be lawful for a vehicle to be driven on either side of a safety zone. Section 40. Street Car Speed. The operator of a street car upon a street shall operate the same at a careful and prudent speed and sub- ject to this limitation may lawfully proceed at a speed not exceeding the following: (I) Fifteen (15) miles per hour: . (a) In a business district; (b) When passing a school while persons are entering or leaving the grounds; (c) 'Vhen traversing curves where the operator does not have an unobstructed view along the tracks for a distance of two hundred (200) feet; [Nott to Article Pl. Strut Cars.] The operation of !!treet can is of such a character 'that unless the relation between chern and motor vehicle!! is carefully specified and regulated the safety and convenience of both rid en of street can and automobiles will be jeopard- ized. The above regulations set forth rules designed to reduce the friction and conflict between these two units of traffic, in order that both may move with greater safety and expedition. [Note to Sution 38.] One of the most dangerous conflicts between street can and motor vehicles ill to be found where vehicl~s pass street cars loading or unloading passengers. To permit motor vehicle!! to pas!! !!tanding street can witbout regulation create!! ) a great hazard for pede!!trians. To entirely prohibit vehicle!! from passing any .tanding street car ill to unreasonably and unnecessarily hamper traffic flow. The present regulation attempts to adjust these undesirable extrem'e!!. ['t6 ] .~ [ .... -' UNIFORM TRAFFIC ORDINANCE For California Cities AN ORDINANCE regulating traffic upon the public streets and repealing all ordinances inconsistent herewith. The < Mayor) and (Council) of the City of. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. do ordain as follows: ARTICLE I. Definitions ~ <;:C'\ "" ~ <$ ~.., fJ; Q~ "'~ Section I. used, they shall section: Street. Every way set apart for public travel except alleyways, bridle paths. and foot paths. Roadway. That portion of a street between the regularly established curb li.nes. Alley. A public highway which does not exceed twenty feet between property lines. Sidewalk. That portion of a street between the curb lines and the adjacent property lines. Intersection. The area embraced within the prolongation of the property lines of two or more streets which join at an angle, whether or not one such street crosses the other. Crosswalk. That portion of the roadway included within the pro- longation of curb and property lines at street intersections. Safety Zone. That marked portion of a roadway reserved for the excl usive use of pedestrians. Loading- Zone. That space adjacent to a curb reserved for the exclusive use of vehicles during the loading or unloading of passengers or materials. Vebide. Every device or animal by which any person or property is or may be transported or drawn upon a street, excepting devices moved by human power or used exclusively upon rails. For the purpose of this ordinance a bicycle shall be deemed a vehicle. Street Car. Every device traveling exclusively upon rails when upon or crossing a street other than devices propelled by steam. Pedestrian. Any person afoot. Operator. Any person who is in actual physical control of a vehicle or street car. . Whenever in this ordinance the following terms are have the meanings respectively ascribed to them in this [Nott to Article I. Dtfinitionl.] Practically all terms in this ordinance are used in their commonly accepted meanings. Some special terms, however, require accurate definition in order that their meaning may be more clear to the general reader and in order that judicial interpretation may be in harmony with the intentions of the framers. Where possible, the definitions have been made to conform to those used in the California Vehicle Act. [S] fu .~ -' 0 "'" < z .'", w ...- c... '" "...... w'" ",0 Traffic. Pedestrians, vehicles and street cars, either singly or to- gether, while using any street for purposes of travel. [Central Traffic District. That portion of] this city bounded and described as follows: Business District. The territory contiguous to a street when fifty per cent (50%) or more of the frontage thereon for a distance of three hundred (300) feet or more is occupied by buildings in use for retail or wholesale business j also any territory contiguous to a street which is immediately adjacent to or a continuation of a street within a business district when such territory is so designated by the Board of Police Commissioners (Chief of Police) (City Manager). Righi of Way. Th~ privilege of the immediate use of the street. Park. To stand a vehicle for a period of time greater than is rea- sonably necessary for the actual loading or unloading of persons or materials. Official Warning and Direetion Signs and Signals. All warn- ing and direction signs and signals not inconsistent with this ordinance heretofore or hereafter placed or erected under this ordinance or by authority of the City Council (Board of Trustees). "'" ~ '" .~ 0 <% '" . ~Ea ,",0 ARTICLE II: Authority of Police Traffic Signs and Signals Section 2. Obedience to Police. Officers of the Police Depart. ment are hereby authorized to direct all traffic by means of visible or audible signal, and it shall be unlawful for any person to refuse or fail to comply with any lawful order, signal or direction of a tr~c or police officer. It shall be unlawful for any minor to direct or attempt to direct traffic [unless authorized to do so by order of the Board of Police Com- missioners (Chief of Police) (Mayor) (City Manager).] [Note on "Central Traffic DiJtrict."] This district and the provisions of the ordinance relating exclusively to it may be omitted by those cities which do not have need for special rules designed to relieve heavy congestion. If'thi!! district is not. U!led, provisions of the ordi~ nance which apply jointly to the Central Traffic District and to business district!! should be made applicable to the latter only. [Note on "BtuintJs District."] Thill term ha!! been given a meaning approximately identical to that used in the California Vehicle Act. The district should be used for certain traffic regu- lation!! which are necessary for any district in the city where there is a pre- ponderance of commercial interests. It will be noted that this provision adds great flexibility to the ordinance for it makes possible the extension of certain desirable rules, as soon ag the need has arisen for them, and without the neces~ aity for the Council to be burdened with the task of making a special ordinance for each particular case. Signs to designate this district will naturally be errcted in conformity with the California Vehicle Act. [61 I 4 ), . ;1 ~... Signs shall be erected and maintained not more than one hundred fifty (150) feet apart in each block designating the provisions of this section. Section 34. Early Morning Parking Limited. It shall be )In. lawful for the operator of any vehicle to park. said vehicle on any street for a period of time longer than one (1) hour between the hours of ......A. M. and......A.IVl. of any day. Section 35. Standing or Parking Close to Curb. The oper- ator of a vehicle shall not stop, stand or park such vehicle in a roadway other than parallel with the curb and with the two right-hand wheels of the vehicle within one (1) foot of the regularly established curb line, except that upon those streets ,vhich have been marked for angle parking, as provided in.this section, vehicles shall be parked at the angle to the curb indicated by such marks. The City Council, by resolution, or the Board of Police Commis- sioners (Chief of Police) (City Manager) is hereby authorized to determine upon what streets angle parking shall be permitted and to indicate such places by the painting of white lines upon the surface of the roadway to indicate the proper angle for parking, provided that such lines shall not be placed upon, nor shall angle parking be permitted upon, any street where such parking would diminish the width of the roadway available for travel to less than twenty (20) feet, nor upon any street where there is less than thirty (30) feet between the curb and the nearest rail of any street car track, nor upon any street which is a continuation of or part of a county trunk line highway or a state highway unless a clear width of forty (40) feet is left for the move. ment of vehicles when angle parking is permitted. The Board of Police Commissioners (Chief of Police) (City Man- ager) is hereby authorized to pro.hibit the parking of vehicles, provided appropriate signs are placed and maintained to give notice thereof, on one side of a street in any block where angle parking is permitted on the opposite side of the street in such block. Section 36. Parking Vehicles For Sale. It shall be unlawful for the operator of any vehicle to park the same upon any street for the purpose of displaying it for sale, or to park any vehicle upon any street in (the Central Traffic District or) any business district from which said vehicle merchandise is being sold. . Section 37. Parking of Taxicabs Restricted. [ ] [Note to Section 34.] . This !!ection prohibits undesirable all night parking and at the same time make!! it possible for physicians and other!! to park their ca n for a reasonable length of time during the hour!! specified. [Note to Section 35.] Thi!! section prohibits double line parking and, in fact, any parking or standing except close to the curb, with special provisions with reference to angle\. parking, which is prohibited upon those streets where it would interfere with the free use of the road~ay for traffic purpose!!. [15) upon the entire curb surface \\iithin such areas, omitting any crosswalk area or by placing and maintaining appropriate signs directing that the stopping of \-ehicles is prohibited. Section 32. Standing for Loading Only in Certain Places. (a) It shall be unlawful for the operator of a vehicle to stop said vehicle for a period' of time longer than is necessary for the loading or unloading of passengers or materials, provided that the loading or un- loading of passengers shall not consume more than three (3) minutes, nor the loading or unloading of materials more than twenty (20) minutes, in any of the following places: 1. At any curb where the grade of the street exceeds twelve per cent (12%); 2. In any alley; 3. In any uloading zone" j 4. At any curb withi~ twenty-five (25) feet of a point on the curb opposite the center of the entrance to any hospital. S. At any curb within fifty (50) feet of a point on the curb opposite the center of the entrance to any police station. 6. In any marked bus stop. (b) Tbe Board of Police Commissioners (Chief of Police) (City l\1anager) shall determine the location of "loading zones" and shall mark by appropriate signs or as specifically required herein those places where standing for loading only is permitted under this section, subject to the following requirements and limitations: Bus stops shall be designated by appropriate signs at those places determined by (the public utility board) except that a bus stop shall not exceed fifty (50) feet in length and shall not be placed adjacent to a satety zone at a street car stop j Every loading zone, also that portion of every curb reserved for loading only by paragrapb; (4) and (5) of Subdivision (a) of this section shall be designated by yellow paint or other yellow material upon the entire curb surface therein \\,rith the words "LOADING ONLY" in black letters thereonj Within (the Central Traffic District or) any business district not more than one-half of the total curb length in anyone block may be set apart as a loading zone. Section 33. Parking Time Limited in Specified Places. The operator of a vehicle shall not park such vehicle for longer than one (1) hour within (the Central Traffic District or) any business (listrict between the hours of......A. M. a~d..... .P. M. of any day except Sunday and subject to the special restrictions imposed by Sections 31 and 32. ' . [NOlf. 10 Sa/ion 32.] This section has the effrct of introducing the loading zone regulation which has proved 50 beneficial in Los Angeles and in other citirs, and of protrcting certain strategic places in the street s)'stem from the danger and inconvenience of "dead" parking. The inability of vehicles to reach the curbing to load and unload passengers and merchandise result8 in double line parking, in much unnecessary "cruising" and street congestion. [14 ] I I I ~ AlAE1fl)ED ORIl. Ko. . 10:1.. L , . I I . I \ I ) Section 3. Signs. The City Council (Board of Trustees) shall by resolution determine and designate the character of all official warn- ing and direction signs and signals. Subject to this selection, the Board of Police Commissioners (Chief of Police) (City Manager) is hereby authorized, and as to those signs required hereunder it shall be ~is .ts duty, to place and maintain or cause to be placed and maintained all official warning and direction signs and signals. All signs authorized and required hereunder for,a particular purpose shall be uniform. No provision of this ordinance for which signs are required shall be enforceable against the alleged violator if at the time and place of the Section 5. Traffic Stop and Go Signal I:egend. ,Vhenever traffic at any intersection is regulated by a stop and go mechanical or electrical signal, the following colors may be used, and none other, and those colors herein authorized shall indicate as follows: Red, except in flashing signals, requires that traffic shall stop and remain standing. . Green requires that traffic shall move and continue in motion, except when stopped for the purpose of avoiding an accident or in the event of other emergency or when stopped at the command of a police officer. ~ ~ fj ~ 0.. w'" 11:i~- ""~ [No/t' 10 Sa/ion 3.] This section merely provides for a definite responsibility over the signs teq'J.i.ted b.y tni.!., Qtdi.na.oce, and a teq'J.i.t't~~t th.?.\ \h~ .,,:'gn':'o ~ ....~flt in h'atmc.ny with the provisions of the ordinance. Proper obedience to a traffic code depends to no small extent upon the adequacy and 1egibility of signs indicating its pro- visions. Certain provisions of an ordinance are of such -a character that even tbe most law-abiding citizen will frequently violate the law unless the provision is called to his attention by a sign in the locality. For these types of provisions signs are authorized and required by this proposed ordinance, and tbis section merely enforcrs the responsibility of the Police Department to provide for the reasonable maintenance of such signs by frreing the unsuspecting motorist from prosecution in the absence or mutilation of'the required sign. = .~ ~o..... ~': ~ 0..= ..... ",0 [7] / I ..., ~ ..0 ~ . l~ !;It Amher shall indicate preparation for a change in the direction of traffic movement. When amber is shown no traffic shall enter the inter- section until a green or "GO" signal is shown. - Bells. The ringing of a bell in connection with any mechanical or electrical traffic signal shall indicate preparation for a change in the direction of traffic movement. vVhen such bell is sounded no traffic shall enter the intersection until a green or "GO" signal is shown. Section 6. The Board of Police Commissioners (Chief of Police) (City Manager) Required to Estahlish Crosswalks. The Board of Police Commissioners (Chief of Police) (City Manager) is hereby authorized and required to establish and maintain and to designate upon the surface of the roadway, by appropriate devices} marks or white lines, crosswalks approximately equal in width to the adjacent sidewalk at all intersections where in ~is opinion there is par- Its ticular danger to pedestrians crossing the roadway. \Vhen crosswalks are established and maintained outside' (the Central Traffic District or) a business district, the Board of Police Commis- sioners (Chief of Police) (City 1\1anager) shall by appropriate devices, marks or white lines, 'mark and maintain along the surface of the road- war an arrow not less. than twelve (12) inches wide in the shaft and not less than thirty (30) feet long, pointing in the direction of such crosswalk, together with the word SLO\V in block letters not less than twenty-four (24) inches high and not less than four (4) inches wide one hundred (100). feet distant from each crosswalk so established. Section 7. Display of Unauthorized Sigus Prohihited. It shall be unlawful for any person to place or maintain or to display any device, other than an official warning or direction sign or sig'lal erected under competent authority, upon or in view of,a street, which purports to be, or is an imitation of, or resembles, an official warning or direction sign or signal, or which attempts to direct the movement of traffic or ~ the actions of operators, and any such prohibited device shall be a public :< nuisance, and the Board of Police Commissioners (Chief of Police) ~ (City l\1anager) may remove it, or cause it to be removed, without o . :; 0 notice. . <z U! . fu~ Q:~ It shall be unlawful for any person to wilfully deface, injure, or interfere with any official warning or direction sign or signal. move Section 8. Police and Fil"e Vehicles Exempt from Certain Rules. The provisions of this ordinance regulating the movement, parking and standing of vehicles shall not apply to emergency vehicles of the poli~e or sheriff's office or of, the fire department or of a public utility while the driver of any such vehicle is engaged in the necessary performance of public emergency duties. [8] ,f ~ ,I . 9 . ~ , .r down on any street; private driveway or street car track, to be used at any fire or alarm of fire, without the consent of the Fire Marshal or the assistant in command. Section 26. Bicycle Riding Restricted. I t shall be unlawful to ride a bicycle upon any sidewalk. The rider of a bicycle upon a roadway shall ride as nearly as practicable within five (5) feet of the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway except whcn passing a standing or other vehicle or making a left-hand turn at an intersection. Section 27._ Riding ou Handle Bars Prohihited. It shall be unlawful for the operator of any bicycle or motorcycle when upon a street to carry any other person upon the bar, handle or tank of any such vehicle or for any person to so ride upon any such vehicle. Section 28. Unlawful to Drive Through Funeral Procession. It shall be unlawful for the operator of any vehicle to drive between the vehicles comprising a funeral procession, provided that such vehicles are conspicuously so designated. ' Section 29. Cliuging to Moviug Vehicles. It shall be unlawful for any person traveling upon any bicycle, motorcycle or any toy vehicle to cling to or attach himself or his vehicle to any other mo\.ing vehicle or street car upon any roadway. ... Section 30. Use of Coasters, Rollcr Skates and Similar De- vices Restricted. It shall be unlawful for any person upon roller skates 'or riding in or by means of any coaster, to}" vchicle or similar device to go upon any roadway or upon the sidewalk in the Central Traffic District. ARTICLE V: Stopping, Stan(ling and Parking Sectiou 31. Stoppiug Prohibited in Specified Places. shall be unlawful for the operator of. a vehicle to stop such vehicle in any of the following places except when necessary to avoid conflict with other traffic or in compliance with the direction of a police officer or traffic sign or signal: ( 1 ) I n an intersection; (2) In a crosswalk; (3) Between a safety zone and the adjacent curb or within twenty (20) feet of a point on the curb immediately opposite the end of a safety zone; (4) vVithin thirty (30) feet of an intersecting roadway except busse~ at a designated bus stop. Upon all streets within (the Central Traffic District or) any business district the Board of Police Commissioners (Chief of Police) (City Manager) shall designate the provisions of paragraphs (3) and (4) of this section by placing and maintaining red paint or other red material [NOlL 10 Salion]l.] Thi! section prohibit! the !topping of a vehicle under conditions which re- sult in hazard to other users of the street and inconvenience to the general public. In harmony with the established color scheme for the traffic direction red i! specified for the designation of those places where the most complet~ prohibition i! in effect. [13] (b) The Board of Police Commissioners, (Chief of Police) (City ~danager) is hereby authorized to establish over an appropriate street or streets and to designate by appropriate signs, through traffic routes for the mo\'ement of vehicles of two (2) or more tons capacity designed for carrying merchandise, freight or material. \Vhen any such through traffic route or routes arc established and designated by appropriate signs, the operator of any vehide mentioned in this paragraph shall drive on such route or routes and none other except 'when it is imprac- tical to do so or when necesS3n' to traverse another street or streets to a destination for the purpose ol loading or unloading, but then only by such deviation from the nearest freight route as is reasonably necessary. Section 23. Boulevard Stops. The follO\ving streets and parts of streets are hereby declared to constitute boulevards for the purpose of this section: Every operator of a vehicle or street car traversing any street inter- secting any boulevard shall bring such vehicle or street car to a full stop at the place \"here such street meets the prolongation of the nearer property line of such boulevard, subject, however, to the directions of any stop and go signal or police officer at such intersection. The Board of Police Commissioners (Chief of Police) (City Man- ager) is hereby authorized and required to place and maintain or cause to be placed and maintained upon each and every street intersecting a boulevard and at or near the property line of the boulevard appropriate signs upon the street or devices or marks in the roadway, such signs, devices or marks to bear the word IIs'roP" or the words HBOULE- .. V ARD STOP" in such position and with letters of a size to be clearly legible from a distance of fifty (50) feet along the street intersecting the boulevard. . Section 24. Following Fire Apparatus Prohibited. It shall be unlawful for the operator of any vehicle, other than one on official business, to follow any fire apparatus traveling in response to a fire alarm closer than one block or to park any vehicle within the block where fire apparatus has stopped in answer to a fire alarm. Section 25. Crossing Fire Hose. No street car or vehicle shall be driven over any unprotected hose of the Fire Department when laid [NOlf 10 Sl'clion 22-(b).] The slowest moving vehicle in a line of traffic determines the speed of all traffic in it~ rear. Ordinarily the heavily laden commercial vehicle move~ slowly. Therefore, in order to speed up the movement of lighter vehicles and in order to prevent traffic congestion or even stagnation, the segregation of the different kinds of traffic is necessary on certain .streets in cities subject to heavy truck ualfic. Furthermore, by designating specified routes for trucks, streets may he chosen, capable of withstanding the burden of this character of traffic. [Notf to Section 23.] The regulation herein set forth has proved of great value in making pos~ sible a higher rate of 5peed with greater safety. In selecting streets to be desig~ nated in this section, public officials should. use great care. A very few streets !lhould be ielected for the introduction. 'they shouid not he dose to one another and should be main arteries. In the smaller cities the rule shoo.ld in all cases be immediately appHed to the ~treets or part'! of street'! which carry the main burden of through traffic. [12 ] t. 'I ! . I C] ~ $~'I>( f1i !'J- l"( O<~ ARTICLE ro: Pedestrians Section 9. Pedestrian's Right of Way at Intersections. (a) It shall be unlawful for the operator of any vehicle or street car to drive into any cross\valk which is marked as provided in Section 6 of this ordinance, while there is in such crosswalk upon the half of the roadway upon which such vehicle is traveling any pedestrian engaged in crossing the road\\'ay until such pedestrian shall have passed beyond the path of said vehicle. (b) It shall be unlawul for the operator ot any vehide to drive into any unmarked crosswalk while there is in such crosswalk upon the half of the roadway upon which such vehicle is traveling any pedestrian engaged in crossing the roadway until such pedestrian shall ha.....e passed beyond the path of ~aid vehicle, when the pedestrian shall indicate his intention to cross by a timely and continuous warning by holding up his hand palm out toward approaching traffic. (c) The operator of a vehicle shall stop before entering any cross- walk when any other vehicle proceeding in the same direction is stopped at such crosswalk. (d) The foregoing provisicns of this section shall not apply at intersections where traffic is being directed by an officer or a traffic stop and go signal, at whi(':h intersc(':tions the mutual rights of pedestrians and operators of vehicles shall be exercised under the direction of the officer or traffic signals. Section 10. Pedestrian's Limited Right to Use of Roadway. 'Vhen within (the Central Traffic District or) a business district, nO pedestrian shall cross a roadway other than by a crosswalk. Outside of (the Central Traffic District or) a business district no pedestrian shall cross a roadway other than by a route at right angles to the curb and when crossing at any place other than a crosswalk shall yield the right of way to all vehicles upon the roadway. It shall be unlawful for any person to be in any roadway other than in a safety zone or crosswalk, provide"d that this provision shall not- be ~ ~. K s- -' 0 ;:5": o.'Q ... .. "'''' r , [Note to Ar/jelf ]11. Pedtstrians.] The most dangerou!l type of conflict in traffic is that between the vehicle and the pedestrian. These conflicts account for the great majority of the accidents and fatalities in every city. The question of whether the pedestrian or the motori1;t is more frequently at fault is entirely be~ide the point. It is sufficient to note that the conflicts and their fatal results e::ltist, and that neither party to these conflicts. can be removed from the streets. The only ahernati"e left is to 50 clearly define the mutual rights and obligations of motorist!! and pedestrians that the existing conflicts will be reduced, and that neither of the parti.es will be unreasonably inconvenienced. [t\'att' to St'(tian to.} In the days of horse-drawn traffic the hazard to the pedestrian who casually walked in the roadway with vehicles was slight. High ~petd motor traffic make!ll the practice known as "jay-walking" almost suicidal. Section 9 gives the pedestrian ample legal protection i.n crosswalks, white the present section re- quires that the pedestrians exercise a reasonable degree of !IIelf-protection. l 6o~ ... SO " ;Sa...... ~,.;, - ",0 [9 ] construed to prevent the necessary use of a roadway by a pedestrian. It shall be unlawful for any person to stand in a roadway for the purpose of or while soliciting a ride from the operator of any private \'chicle. Section II. Pedestrians to Obey Signals. At intersections where traffic is directed by a traffic or police officer or by a traffic stop and go signal, it shall be unlawful for any pedestrian to cross the road- way other than with released traffic. Section 12. Pedestrian. Standing on ~idewalk.. In (the Central Traffic District or in) any business district it shall be unlawful for any pedestrian to s.tand on the sidewalk, except as near as is prac- ticable to the building line or the curb line. s.~ ....ot.,.. ~:z: .:..' e; il '''- '"''''' Section 13. Method of Approach for Left Tum. The oper- ator of a vehicle intending to turn to the left at an intersection or into an alley or drive\\'ay shall approach the point of turning in the line of traffic next to the center of the roaaway. Section 14. Method of Tuming to Left at Intersection.. The operator of a vehicle in turning left at an intersection shall pass to the right of. the center of the intersection. before turning, except that ~-here markers have been placed upon the intersection boundary lines to be crossed by the vehicle, the operator shall pass to the right of such markers. . ARTICLE IV, Rules for Driving ~ ~ "" w - .... 0 ..,z: w . ,,-0 w... a:Q Section 15. Location of Turning Marker.. The Board of Police Commissioners (Chief of Police) (City Manager) is hereby authorized, and as to those intersections mentioned in paragraph (1) of this section it shall be ~is duty, to place or cause to be placed turn- Its ing markers in intersections as follows: (1) \Vithin intersections where either intersecting roadway is less than sixty (60) feet in width and in intersections where streets meet at other than right angles and in intersections ,vhere one street termi- nates in another, a marker shall be placed at every intersection of the medial line of each street with the prolongation of the property or the curb lines of the intersecting street, or as near the interesecting point of said lines as may be practical. (2) Intersections other than those mentioned in paragraph (l) may be marked as provided in paragraph (1), or a single marker may be placed within such intersection at the intersection of the medial lines of the intersecting streets. [Noti! to Sution 11.] There is no provision of the proposed ordinance more important from the standpoint of the reduction of pedestrian and vehicular con8icts than this. Fail- ure to establish this rule in the past has been the most fertile cause of accidents occurring at intersections. The establishment of this rule will reduce accidents at controlled intersections to a small fraction of what they are at present. [10 ] ~ s....., .. 0 ,.., .., z: "'- w - ,- Q,.C> ." llC < 0 . I' I 1 . l I I ~ -i 1 J Section 16. Left Turns Prohibited. The operator of a vehicl~ shall not between the hours of seven (7) A. M. and six (6) V. M..dt any day except Sunday make a left turn at any of the following inter: sections: Signs shall be erected and maintained designating the provisions of this section. .. Section 17. Method of Approach for Right Turn. ,The oper- ator of a vehicle intending to turn to the right at an intersection qr into an alley or driveway shall approach the point of turning in the line of traffic nearest the right-hand edge or curb of the street. Section 18. When Right Turns May be Made. (Within: the Central Traffic District a right turn shall not be made at an inteJl:' section by the operator of any vehicle against a traffic signal.) (Elsewhere) after making a full stop at the prolongation of the nearer property line of the intersecting street a right turn may be made at an intersection by the operator of any vehicle against a traffic signal, sub";', jeet to the rights of pedestrians. ,. Section 19. When Turning Around at Intersections PrO: hihited. The operator of a vehicle shall not within (the Central' Traffic District or) any business district between the hours of seven (7) A. M. and six (6) P. M. of any day except Sunday turn suc~ vehicle at an intersection in a complete circle or so as to proceed in'the." opposite direction. ' . Section 20. Driving from Alley.. The operator of a vehicle emerging from an alley, driveway or garage shall stop such vehicle immediately prior to driving onto a sidewalk or onto the sidewalk area" extending across any alleyway. Section 21. Vehicle. Shall Not Be Driven on Sidewalk. The operator of a vehicle shall not drive within any sidewalk area except at a permanent or temporary driveway. (2. . Section 22. Certain Vehicle. Prohibited in (Central Traffic District or) Bu.ine.. District. (a) I t shall be unlawful for the operator of any of the following vehicles to drive t.he same in (the Central Traffic District or) any business district between the hours of seven (7) A. M. and six (6) P. lVI. of any day except Sunday: . 1. Any vehicle so loaded that any part of its load extends mare than three (3) feet to the front or more than ten (10) feet to the rear of said vehicle. . ) [Noti! to SUti01U 17 and 18.] These sections work for the safety and speed of traffic flow by requiring tbat right-turning vehicles shall be in the line of traffic nearest the right curb. \Vith such a provision in effect, and with the requirement that operators desir- in~ to make .such a turn shall act ,":ith due regard to the safety of the pedes- trIan, there 19 no reason why the rIght turn should not be made at any time outside of the Central Traffic District. [11] .'