HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem 2i: City of Arcadia Energy Action Plan (EAP)DATE: January 15, 2013
TO: Honorable Mayor and City Council
FROM: Tom Tait, Public Works Services Director
Jason Kruckeberg, Assistant City Manager/Development Services Director
By Carmen Masud, Management Analyst
SUBJECT: CITY OF ARCADIA ENERGY ACTION PLAN
Recommendation: Receive and file
On February 1, 2011, the City Council executed a memorandum of understanding with
the San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments (SGVCOG) to participate in the
California Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Plan (California's Energy Plan) which
included the development of an Energy Action Plan (EAP). The City of Arcadia, along
with 27 members of the San Gabriel Valley Energy Wise Partnership (Energy Wise
Partnership), completed EAPs that analyze energy usage for municipal and community-
wide facilities and create a road map for decreasing energy consumption, increasing
financial savings, and implementing State goals and regulations for energy efficiency.
It is recommended that the City Council receive and file the City of Arcadia Energy
Action Plan.
In March 2010, Southern California Edison (Edison) released a solicitation to fund
activities for local government partnerships, which would support California's Energy
Plan. The SGVCOG submitted a proposal on behalf of members of the Energy Wise
Partnership and was awarded a grant to provide funding and technical support for
preparation of EAPs. The SGVCOG awarded a contract to PMC for the preparation of
EAPs for 27 cities in the Energy Wise Partnership.
City of Arcadia staff worked with PMC, Edison, and the SGVCOG to prepare an EAP
that is consistent with California's Energy Plan and which provides a clear path to
successfully implement actions, policies, and goals that will achieve City energy
reduction targets.
Mayor and City Council
January 15, 2.013
Page 2 of 3
IDIF:1441im 0
The City of Arcadia's EAP demonstrates the City's dedication to pursue energy
efficiency and identifies the City's long-term vision and commitment to achieve energy
efficiency in the community and throughout municipal operations. The EAP highlights
factors that influence electricity use within the community by comparing energy uses to
regional averages and identifies top electricity uses within municipal accounts. As
shown on page ES-7 in the Energy Action Plan, the average annual kilowatt-hours
(kWh) of electricity used per household is 7,400 kWh. This amount is slightly more than
the California average of 6,740 kWh and more than the San Gabriel Valley Council of
Governments project average of 6,300 kWh. This can be attributed to the large single
family homes in the City.
The City of Arcadia utilized the Energy Use Section of the Resource Sustainability
Element of the City's General Plan to incorporate into the EAP; energy efficiency goals
that the City had already established. The EAP serves not only as a road map for being
more energy efficient, it can also be used to advance the City in the Energy Wise
Partnership Energy Leadership Model, which would allow the City to receive a higher
rebate for implementing energy efficiency projects. Currently, the City of Arcadia is a
Silver level partner in the Energy Leadership Model and receives $0.11 for each kilowatt
hour (kWh) saved on new projects that involve replacing/upgrading inefficient
practices/equipment with energy efficient or energy saving practices/equipment.
The City of Arcadia EAP identifies a comprehensive set of electricity related energy
efficiency targets, goals, policies, and actions that the City can implement in the future
to help the community and the City become more energy efficient. Some of the goals,
policies, and actions recommended in the EAP can easily be implemented. These
include hosting energy efficiency and renewable energy financing programs to promote
energy conservation, promoting existing energy efficiency rebate offers for appliances,
encouraging nonresidential and mutil-family property owners to participate in the Los
Angeles County Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) financing program to improve
the energy efficiency of their facilities, retrofitting old City lamps with high efficiency
lamps and ballast in all City facilities and parking lots, and retrofitting outdated street
lighting systems.
The EAP is structured around seven key topic areas that are necessary for successful
electricity efficiency targets. City staff will use this EAP to further evaluate energy
efficiency strategies that can be implemented in the future. Therefore, it is
recommended that the City Council receive and file the City of Arcadia Energy Action
Plan.
The City of Arcadia EAP was funded by Edison as part of the local Government
Strategic Plan Strategies Program for the 2010-2012 program period under the
sponsorship of the California Public Utilities Commission, The City received technical
Mayor and City Council
January 15, 2013
Page 3 of 3
assistance to complete the EAP and $6,485.28 in reimbursement for Staff time spent on
providing data for the EAR
Implementation of future energy savings projects outlined in the EAP will be vetted
through the City's Capital Improvement Program process, It is unknown at this time as
to the cost of these improvements. However, increased energy savings efficiency from
these projects is expected to offset some of the costs of these projects.
It is recommended that the City Council receive and file the City of Arcadia Energy
Action Plan.
Dominic Lazz����
City Manager
Attachment: Energy Action Plan
Listof abbreviations .............................................................................................................. ............................... ix
ExecutiveSummary .............................................................................................................. ...........................ES -1
ChaoRan Implementation ................................................................................................................................ ...........................ES11
Chapter6: Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... ...........................ES11
Chapter1 Introduction .............................................................................................. ...............................
1
Purposeand Scope ................................................................................................................................................... ..............................2
TheEnergy Leader Partnership Model ................................................................................................................ ..............................5
Roleof the EAP ......................................................................................................................................................... ..............................7
50tti ng ......................................................................................................................................................................... ...............................
7
TheEAP Planning Process ..................................................................................................................................... .............................11
PersonalEnergy Action Sarvey ............................................................................................................................ .............................14
Chapter 2 Inventory and Forecast .......................................................................... ...............................
16
Inventory and Forecasting Purpose ..................................................................................................................... .............................17
Community -wide Inventory Sammary ................................................................................................................ .............................18
MunicipalI nventory Sammary .............................................................................................................................. .............................22
Business- as&Usual GHG Emissions Forecast ..................................................................................................... .............................24
aate Adjustments to Business- as&Usual (ABAU) Forecast ........................................................................... .............................26
ReductionTargets ................................................................................................................................................... .............................28
Chapter 3 Electricity Profile .................................................................................... ...............................
31
ElectricityProfile ...................................................................................................................................................... .............................32
The Electricity Reduction Loading Order ......................................................................................................... .............................33
CommunityElectricity Usage ............................................................................................................................... .............................34
MunicipalElectricity Demand ............................................................................................................................... .............................38
Chapter 4 Energy Efficiency Strategy ..................................................................... ...............................
43
ReductionTargets ................................................................................................................................................... .............................44
arategyaructure ................................................................................................................................................... .............................45
Recommended Community Energy Efficiency a rateges ............................................................................... .............................46
Goal 2: Transform Arcadia's nonresidential buildings into a model for energy - efficient communities ...........................48
Goal 3: By 2020, new buildings in Arcadia will have no net impact on community -wide energy demand .....................50
Goal 4: Create a framework to support an energy - efficient local economy ............................................ .............................51
Goal 6: Facilitate water - related energy conservation efforts in new and existing development to conserve electricity
used to pump, treat, and convey water ............................................................................................................. .............................53
Municipal Electricity Efficiency Projects and Policies ...................................................................................... .............................55
Long -Term Municipal Policies ............................................................................................................................... .............................57
Goal 7: Conserve energy and act as a leader in energy efficiency and conservation projects and practices ................
57
ImplementationPolicies ......................................................................................................................................... .............................58
Relationshipto the General Ran ......................................................................................................................... .............................59
EnergyEfficiency % mmary .................................................................................................................................... .............................60
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Chapter 5 Plan Implementation ............................................................................. ............................... 63
Implementation and Monitoring Tools ............................................................................................................... .............................64
ImplementationProgram ....................................................................................................................................... .............................65
Continued Partnership Opportunities ................................................................................................................ .............................68
Chapter6 Conclusion ............................................................................................... ............................... 69
Glossaryof terms ......................................................................................................................................................... .............................71
references.................................................................................................................................................................... ............................... 83
Appendix A Personal Energy Action Survey ............................................................ ............................... 87
Appendix B Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Report
..................................... ............................... 93
Inventory and Forecast Purpose ..........................................................................................................................
.............................93
RelevantEmissions ..................................................................................................................................................
.............................94
KeyConcepts ...........................................................................................................................................................
.............................95
Community -Wide Inventory .................................................................................................................................
.............................95
MunicipalInventory .................................................................................................................................................
.............................97
Business- as&Usual Forecast ...................................................................................................
............................... ............................102
ReductionTargets ..................................................................................................................
............................... ............................109
Conclusionand Next aeps ..................................................................................................
............................... ............................111
Appendix C GHG Methods and Assumptions Report ........................................... ............................... 113
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Table1: Land Uses in Arcadia, 2009 ............................................................................................................................. ..............................8
Table2: Age Cohorts in Arcadia, 2010 ........................................................................................................................ ..............................9
Table 3: Employment SBctors in Arcadiak 2010 ......................................................................................................... .............................10
Table 4: Household Income in Arcadia, 2010 ............................................................................................................ .............................11
Table 5: Community -Wide GHG Emissions by SBctor, 2008 (MTCOze) .......................................................... .............................19
Table 6: 2010 Bectricity Use and 2008 GHG Emissions Comparison ................................................................ .............................21
Table 7: Municipal GHG Emissions by SBctor, 2008 ................................................................................................ .............................23
Table 8: Comparison of Municipal GHG Emissions, 2008 - 2010 .......................................................................... .............................24
Table 9: Comparison of 2008 and 2010 Data to Forecasts of ,bbs, Households, and Transportation ....... .............................25
Table 10: Comparison of Community -Wide EAU Forecasts by SBctor, 2008 and 2010 ( MTCOze) ......... .............................25
Table 11: Comparison of Municipal EAU Forecasts by SBctor, 2008 and 2010 (MTCOze) .......................... .............................26
Table 12: Impact of Nate Reductions on Community Emissions, 2020 ( MTCOze) ......................................... .............................27
Table 13: Comparison of Community AEAU Forecasts by SBctor to 2008 and 2010 Emissions (MTCOze) ........................27
Table 14: Impact of Nate Reductions on Municipal Emissions, 2020 (MTCOze) ............................................. .............................28
Table 15: Comparison of Municipal AEAU Forecasts by SBctor to 2020 and 2010 Emissions ( MTCOze) .............................28
Table 16: Mate- Recommended 2020 Reduction Targets (MTCOze) .................................................................. .............................29
Table 17: Comparison of Baseline, General Ran Goal, and AEAU Per Capita GHG Emissions ( MTCOze ) ..........................30
Table 18: City's Housing Units by Type, 2010 .......................................................................................................... .............................35
Table 19: Existing Nonresidential Buildings ................................................................................................................ .............................36
Table 20: Municipal Bectricity Use by Rate Class, 2008 ......................................................................................... .............................39
Table 21: City of Arcadia Top 10 Bectricity Uses by Account, 2008 - 2010 ...................................................... .............................41
Table 22: Arcadia's Energy Efficiency Projects Completed Since 2008 ............................................................... .............................56
Table 23: Arcadia's Energy Efficiency Projects in Progress ..................................................................................... .............................57
Table24: Implementation Rogram .............................................................................................................................. .............................66
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Figure ES~2: Community and Municipal GHG Emissions Sources ......................................................................... ..............................4
Figure 1: "Big Bold" Strategies of the CEESP .............................................................................................................. ..............................3
Figure 2: Partners in the EAP Planning Process .......................................................................................................... ..............................5
Figure 3: Energy Leader Partnership Model ................................................................................................................ ..............................6
Figure 4: Arcadia Racial /Ethnic Profile, 2010 .............................................................................................................. .............................10
Figure5: The EAP Planning Process ............................................................................................................................. .............................12
Figure 6: Simmary of Outreach Event ........................................................................................................................ .............................13
Figure 7: Completed Energy Efficiency Upgrades ..................................................................................................... .............................14
Figure 8: Energy Efficiency Upgrades that Would Be Considered in the Next 5 Years .................................. .............................15
Figure 9: Incentives or Motivators for Energy Efficiency Upgrades ...................................................................... .............................15
Figure 10: Community and Municipal GHG Emissions Sources, 2008 ................................................................ .............................18
Figure 11: Community -Wide GHG Emissions by Sector, 2008 ............................................................................ .............................19
Figure 12: Municipal GHG Emissions by Sector, 2008 ............................................................................................ .............................22
Figure 13: GHG Forecast and Recommended Reduction Target Summary ...................................................... .............................29
Figure 14: Energy Efficiency Home Features .............................................................................................................. .............................32
Figure15: Retrofitting Loading Order ......................................................................................................................... .............................33
Figure 16: Age of Housing in Arcadia, 2010 ............................................................................................................... .............................35
Figure 17: Annual Bectricity Use per Household, 2010 ( kWh) ............................................................................ .............................37
Figure 18: Annual Bectricity Use per ,bb, 2010 ( kWh) .......................................................................................... .............................38
Figure 19: City of Arcadia Municipal Bectricity Use by Rate a ructure .............................................................. .............................40
Figure 20: Arcadia's Energy Efficiency Targets ........................................................................................................... .............................44
Figure 21: Energy Efficiency Strategy Topics .............................................................................................................. .............................45
Figure 22: Estimated 2020 Swings by Goal ( kWh) ................................................................................................... .............................60
Figure 23: Estimated 2020 Swings by Goal ( MTCOZe) ........................................................................................... .............................61
AB
Assembly Bill
ABAU
adjusted business- as-usual
AB 32
Assembly Bill 32, California Global Warming Sblutions Act of 2006
AB 811
Assembly Bill 811, Contractual Assessments: Energy Efficiency Improvements
AB 1493
Assembly Bill 1493, Clean Car Fuel Standard, also referred to as Pavley bill
ADC
alternative daily cover
AQMD
Air Quality Management District
ARRA
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
BAU
business- a&usual
CAPCOA
CaliforniaAir Fbllution Control Officers Association
CARB
CaliforniaAir Resources Board
CEC
California Energy Commission
CEESP
California Long -Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Plan
CEQA
California Environmental Quality Act
CH,
methane
CO2
carbon dioxide
COZe
carbon dioxide equivalent
COG
Council of Governments
CN G
compressed natural gas
CPUC
California Public Utilities Commission
C9
California Solar Initiative
DR
demand response
EAP
Energy Action Plan
EE
energy efficiency
EECBG
Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant
EECS
Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy
EEMIS
Energy Enterprise Management Information System
BR
environmental impact report
B Energy Leader Partnership
ED S,3 -05 Executive Order &3 -05, Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Initiative
ESP
electric service provider
GHG
greenhouse gas
GWP
global warming potential
HFC
hydrofluorocarbons
HVAC
heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
iDSM
integrated demand -side management
kW
kilowatt
kWh
kilowatt -hour
LEED
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
LGOP
Local Government Operations Protocol
MG
million gallons
MPO
metropolitan planning organization
MT
metric ton
MTCOZe
metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalent
NZO
nitrous oxide
PACE
Property Assessed Clean Energy
PFC
perfluorocar bons
PSC
Project Steering Committee
PV
photovoltaic
RPS
Renewables Portfolio Standard
RTP
Regional Transportation Plan
SCAG
Southern California Association of Governments
SCE
Southern California Edison
SCREC
Southern California Regional Energy Center
-T6
sulfur hexafluoride
SGVCOG
San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments
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SGVEWP San Gabriel Valley Energy Wise Partnership
US EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
VMT vehicle miles traveled
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This Energy Action Ran (EAP) demonstrates the City's commitment to pursue energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse
gas (GHG) emissions. This EAP identifies the City of Arcadiais long -term vision and commitment to achieve energy
efficiency in the community and in municipal operations. Epecifically, this EAP includes the following chapters:
• Chapter 1: Introduction — R'ovides an overview of the purpose and scope of the project, as well as the
process and outreach efforts involved in developing this EAP
• Chapter 2: Inventory and Forecast — Summarizes the GHG - generating activities occurring within the
community and through municipal operations.
• Chapter 3: Electricity Profile — Highlights the factors that influence electricity use within the community
by comparing energy uses to regional averages and identifies top electricity uses within municipal accounts.
• Chapter 4: Energy Efficiency Strategy — Identifies a comprehensive set of electricity- related energy
efficiency targets, goals, policies, and actions to help the community and the City become more energy-
eff d ent.
• Chapter 5: Plan Implementation — R'ovides policies and actions to assist with the implementation of
energy efficiency strategy, and summarizes the policies, benefits, implementation time frame, and responsible
departments for implementing the components of the energy efficiency strategy.
• Chapter 6: Conclusion — Reaffirms the City's commitment to implementing energy efficiency projects,
programs, and policies to support the goals of the California Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Ran and
foster energy efficiency throughout the community.
To support the content found throughout the EAP, several technical appendices have been prepared to provide
additional detail and information regarding GHG reductions and sources. This Ran includes the following appendices:
• Glossary — Defines the key terms used throughout the document.
• References — R'ovides a list of citations and sources used throughout the EAP.
• Appendix A: Personal Energy Action Survey — Includes a copy of the survey used to evaluate resident
energy efficiency priorities and activities to inform the EAP regarding feasible community actions.
• Appendix B: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Report — Technical memorandum about GHG
emissions inventory results and methodologies.
• Appendix C: GHG Methods and Assumptions Report — R'ovides a list of the emissions factors
utilized in calculation of GHG emissions as well as a summary of the sources and assumptions used to
estimate the potential range of kWh and GHG savings for each policy.
Chapter 1 provides a brief overview of the purpose and scope of this EAP and how the Ran was created in partnership
with the San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments (SGVCOG) and 9cuthern California Edison (SCE). The City has
prepared this Plan not only to follow the guidance of California's Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Plan (CEESP) but
also to identify a clear path to successfully implementing actions, policies, and goals that will achieve the City's reduction
targets.
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This project was funded through the technical assistance program of the CEESP, which aims to provide local
governments with expertise and resources to achieve energy efficiency at municipal facilities and throughout the
community. In 2009, as part of CEESP implementation, the California RAblic Utilities Commission authorized SCEto use
funding from the electricity public goods charge to complete strategic plan activities focused on energy efficiency. SCE is
implementing the "Big Bold" strategies of the CEESP, and through this process, SCE awarded funding to the SGVCOG
to provide funding and technical support for preparation of Energy Action Rans.
In addition to describing the funding source and collaboration involved in creating this EAP, the introduction chapter
describes the community outreach conducted to provide input on this Ran. Through the efforts of City staff, 9GVC0G,
and the consultant team, a public outreach event was completed, as summarized in Figure ES -1.
Figure ES -1: Summary of Community Outreach Events
The baseline GHG inventory and forecast assess existing and future GHG emissions based on activities and energy
consumption from community and municipal activities (see Figure ES -2). A baseline year of 2008 was selected for the
inventory and activity data for 2010 community sectors including energy, transportation, waste, off -road, wastewater,
and water were translated into GHG emissions to serve as a common benchmark that will allow for accurate
comparison between all cities in the San Gabriel Valley participating in the Energy Action Ran process.
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Figure ES -2: Community and Municipal GHG Emissions Sources
Inventories of GHG emissions from community -wide and municipal operations are described in Chapter 2 and are
summarized in Figure ES -3 and Figure ES -4. In 2008, community activities generated approximately 474,610
MTCOze, while approximately 7,740 MTCOze were attributed to municipal operations. While municipal GHG emissions
are typically considered a subset of community sources and represent less than 1 %of total community GHG emissions,
they are included in this analysis as the City has a greater ability to influence municipal GHG emissions through changes
to City facilities, purchasing policies, or other City -led efforts to reduce GHG emissions within City operations.
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Figure ES -3: Community -Wide GHG Emissions by Sector, 2008 (MTCO2e)
On-Road
Transportation
54%
91
uy nn iy
11LI Electricity Industrial Energy
2% 16%
Water
3%
ewater
1%
)ff Road
1%
Landfi I I
<1%
Jai Energy
0%
Figure ES -4: Municipal GHG Emissions by Sector, 2008 (MTCO2e)
LTA
Emnlovpp
14%
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Government -
Generated Solid
Waste
2%
i Idi ngs
22%
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Following the development of a baseline GHG emissions inventory, GHG emissions are forecast to 2020 under a
business- as&usual (BAU) scenario based on anticipated growth in the number of residents, jobs, and vehicle travel and
the effect that growth will have on GHG emissions without political, technical, or social intervention to reduce GHG
emissions. Additionally, the impact that state policies or legislation will have on local GHG emissions is included in an
adjusted - business m usual scenario and the recommended GHG reduction target to comply with Assembly Bill 32 are
identified and describe in Figure ES5 below and in more detail in Chapter 2.
Figure ES -5: Comparison of BAU Forecast and Reduction Target, 2008 -2020
2008 2010 2015 2020
Baseline BAU Forecast GHG Reduction Targets ABAU Forecast
t. =IP
Arcadia's electricity uses are tied to the built environment, which is predominantly characterized by single -unit
residential. As shown in Figure ES -6, each Arcadia household used an average of 7,400 kilowatt -hours (kWh) in 2010.
This amount is more than the California average of 6,740 kWh and more than the BGVCOG project average of 6,300
kWh.
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MO 18,000
0 16,000
3 14,000
_° 12,000
10,000
a
> 8,000
i 6,000
41
4,000
w 2,000
0
Figure ES -6: Annual Average kWh of Electricity Use per Household, 2010
m ro 'i C7
:c
ro
U
ro
J
C cd cd ro L C N Q (d N L .2 m N 2 L v
0 CO E c�a 1 '> v Z '> U Z o c, °� EL °� o EL 0
cLa 0 Q 0 U ° O 0 EL v J C U o w c i w s
U ro cn (6—— � � s ro te s Ow Q
N U ~ o m N 0
'f--gonal electnaty numbers represgrit the -%n Gabriel Valley average for a1127 aties partiapating in the EAPproject.
Municipal electricity use is also described in detail in Chapter 3 by depicting the changes in electricity use between the
baseline year and 2010 (see Figure ES -7), and identifying the largest electricity uses by account to highlight the energy
efficiency actions already completed or under way at City facilities and to identify the largest opportunities for reducing
electricity use.
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Figure ES -7: Municipal Electricity Use by Account Type, 2008 -2010
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The City of Arcadia has identified key electricity efficiency targets, shown in Figure ES -8, to support the goals of the
Energy Leader Partnership and local planning priorities. To achieve the electricity reduction targets for each electricity
sector, the City has identified a set of goals, policies, actions, and projects to be implemented, which are listed in
Chapter 4.
Figure ES -8: Arcadia's Energy Efficiency Targets
The City's EAP is focused around seven strategy topics or goals, as shown in Figure ES -9, to support electricity
reductions and energy efficiency within the community and municipal facilities.
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Figure ES -9: Energy Efficiency Strategy Topics
The actions included in this Plan build upon the City's previous efforts and are a diverse mix of programs for both new
and existing development. The final topic area of the energy efficiency strategy focuses on municipal electricity use by
identifying the completed, near -term, and long -term projects or policies to achieve energy efficiency in municipal
facilities. Table ES -1 summarizes the near -term municipal projects to be implemented by the City. In addition to the
municipal projects, this EAP identifies a dear path for Arcadia to achieve the community -wide electricity reduction
targets for both residential and nonresidential uses. Figure ES -10 identifies the potential range of electricity savings
(kWh) that may occur by 2020 through the implementation of this strategy.
Table ES -1: Near -Term Municipal Projects
Water supply stem Replace motors and water pumps with 1,815 kWh
pp y more efficient motors.
Retrofit old lampswith high - efficiency
Traffic signals and outdoor lights lamps and ballast in all City facilities and TBD
parking lots.
Series 6 lighting upgrade Retrofit outdated street lighting systems. TBD
Figure ES -10: Estimated 2020 kWh Savings by Goal
Existing Residential
Exist ing Nonresidential
All New Development
Planning Framework
Urban -Shading and Cool airfaces
Water Conservation
.k ,;
MOM 01
20,000,000 40,000,000 60,000,000 80,000,000
2020 Low 2020 High
To ensure successful implementation of the EAP, several strategies and supporting actions have been included in
Chapter 5, the implementation chapter. This chapter also includes an implementation matrix with details specific to each
policy such as the electricity and GHG reductions that can be achieved. The implementation matrix will be a critical tool
in monitoring the City's progress toward implementing the EAP.
This EAP is an opportunity for the City to create and achieve a long -term vision for energy efficiency. The City of
Arcadia has developed this EAP as part of a regional framework that allows for close coordination and consistency
between communities located in the San Gabriel Valley while responding to local community characteristics, values, and
planning frameworks. Although the primary focus of this Ran is on reducing electricity and related GHG emissions, the
policies and actions in this Ran also provide the ancillary benefits of improving air quality and the quality of life,
enhancing natural areas, and stimulating the local economy through incentives in energy efficiency.
The purpose of this EAP is to identify the City of Arcadia's long-
term vision and commitment to achieve energy efficiency in the
community and in government operations. The rationale for
Arcadia's energy efficiency efforts includes demonstrating leadership
in implementing cost- effective energy efficiency improvements,
minimizing costs associated with energy and utilities, and protecting
limited energy and natural resources. Local governments play an
important role in leading the community by example. This EAP
shows the benefits of efficiency that Arcadia will realize in
government operations, providing a foundation for more
comprehensive community -wide efficiency strategies. Strategies in
this EAP provide a path toward optimizing energy use in the city,
increasing the quality and comfort of homes and businesses,
reducing utility costs, and maximizing operational productivity of
local businesses.
The EAP is a stand -alone document that meets multiple objectives
of the City and Southern California Edison (SCE). The EAP supports
the City's status in the Energy Leader Partnership with SCE. In
addition, the EAP serves as the equivalent of an electricity efficiency
chapter of a climate action plan (EECAP). It is designed to integrate
into a comprehensive climate action plan when the City's resources
support the preparation of a climate action plan to address the
reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from electricity, natural gas,
waste, transportation, and other sectors.
Created in partnership with the San Gabriel Valley Council of
Governments (SGVCOG) and SCE; this EAP identifies municipal and
community -wide strategies to achieve the City's longer -term
electricity efficiency goals. This integration of municipal and community -wide strategies allows Arcadia to lead by
example. Specifically, the objectives of this EAP are to:
• Create a long -term vision for energy efficiency.
• Rovide and assess information related to energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
• Establish reduction targets for energy efficiency.
• Identify goals, policies, and actions to achieve energy reductions.
• Rovide a framework implementing the identified goals, policies, and actions.
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON AND THE CALIFORNIA LONG TERM ENERGY EFFICIENCY STRATEGIC
PLAN
California's Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Plan (CEESP) is the State's road map for achieving energy efficiency
between 2008 and 2020, and beyond. The California RAblic Utilities Commission (CPUC) adopted the CEO in 2008
following a collaborative planning effort of the CPUC, the state's investor -owned utilities, the Governor's Office, the
California Energy Commission (CEC), the California Air Resources Board (CARB), and more than 500 individuals and
organizations. The CEESP provides a strategic menu list of options that local governments can use to address the "Big
Bold" strategies found in the strategic plan. These "Big Bold" strategies are shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: "Big Bold" Strategies of the CEESP
In addition, the CEO identifies two primary goals that this EAP seeks to achieve:
• CEO Section 12.5 Goal 3: Local governments lead by example with their own facilities and energy usage
practices.
• CEO Section 12.5 Goal 4: Local governments lead their communities with innovative programs for energy
efficiency, sustainability, and dimate change.
The EAP meets these goals by providing goals, policies, and actions for municipal operations as well as for community -
wide activities. The CEO also identifies a long -term vision and energy efficiency goals for Californiai, as well as outlining
specific near -term, mid -term, and long -term implementation strategies to assist each economic sector in achieving its
energy efficiency goals.
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The CPUC identified several policy tools to assist in the market transformation to more energy - efficient products or
practices, including
• Customer incentives.
• Codes and standards.
• Education and information.
• Technical assistance.
• Emerging technologies.
The City prepared this EAP through the technical assistance program of the CEO, which aims to provide local
governments with the technical expertise and financial resources to achieve energy efficiency at municipal facilities and
throughout the community. In 2009, as part of CEO implementation, the CPUC authorized SCE to use funding from
the electricity public goods charge to complete local strategic plan activities focused on energy efficiency. SCE is
implementing the "Big Bold" strategies of the CEESP. Through this process, SCE awarded funding to the SGVCOG and
participating cities to provide funding and technical support for preparation of a regional framework and tailored, city -
specific EAPS through a regional planning process.
The 9GVCOG managed the project, through partnership with BCE; 271 member cities of the 9GVCOG that receive
electricity service from BCE; and the consultant team led by FMC. The project included preparation of customized EARS
for each participating city, including a comprehensive greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventory, forecast of
community -wide activities and municipal operations, and longer -term goals, policies, and actions. This EAP has been
prepared as part of a coordinated effort among the 9GVCOG, BCE; the City of Arcadia, and FMC (see Figure 2).
While there were 31 cities in the SGVCOG at the time of this project, the cities of Azusa and Pasadena are not eligible to
participate in SCE-funded programs as they are their own electricity providers. Additionally, the cities of Industry and Walnut hate
elected to not participate in this planning process.
i
Figure 2: Partners in the EAP Planning Process
SCE developed the Energy Leader Partnership (ELP) model to provide support to local governments in identifying and
implementing opportunities to improve energy efficiency in municipal facilities and promoting community awareness of
demand side energy management opportunities. By participating in SCE's ELP, local governments are taking actions to
support the CEO while saving energy and fiscal resources for their communities. In the San Gabriel Valley, the
SGVCOG is leading the implementation of the ELPwith SCEand 27 of the 31 member cities in the SGVCOG.
The ELP comprises four focus areas: (1) municipal retrofits, (2) demand response, (3) strategic plan support, and (4)
energy efficiency programs coordination. The ELP program has four incentive tiers for participating cities: (1) Valued
Partner, (2) 91ver, (3) Gold, and (4) Ratinum. Each city begins the program as a valued partner. To advance to the next
incentive tier, each participating city needs to achieve the pre - determined energy savings and requirements for city
facilities and community -wide electricity use as shown in Figure 3. The City is currently a 91ver partner in the Energy
Leader Partnership Model.
i
Figure 3: Energy Leader Partnership Model
Offerings
Energy
Efficiency
Criteria
Demand
Response
Criteria
• Technical support
• Strategic Plan
support
• Co- branded
marketing and
outreach support
Basic EE Criteria:
• Commitment to
Long Term Energy
Efficiency Leadership
Basic DR Criteria:
• Enroll in California's
Statewide Flex Alert
and implement an
internal educational
campaign
Sburog Southern California EdisDn 2012
• Technical support
• Strategic Plan support
• Co- branded marketing
and outreach support
Basic EE Criteria Plus:
• City initiative Energy
Action Plan
• Target at least 25% of
city facilities to
complete specified EE
upgrades
• Target 5% kWh
reduction for city
facilities
• Co- sponsor marketing
and outreach to the
community on EE
programs
Basic DR Criteria Plus:
• At least one (1) eligible
facility to participate in
one (1) SCE Demand
Response program
• At least one (1) eligible
facility to develop a
Demand Reduction
Action Plan to be
followed during a Flex
Alert event
• Distribute Energy
Solutions brochure to
partner employees
• Complete an integrated
Demand Side
Management (iDSM)
audit at all eligible
facilities
• Technical support
• Strategic Plan support
• Co- branded marketing
and outreach support
Basic EE Criteria Plus:
• City initiative Energy
Action Plan
• Target at least 50% of city
facilities to complete
specified EE upgrades
• Target 10% kWh reduction
for city facilities
• Co- sponsor marketing
and outreach to the
community on EE
programs
Basic DR Criteria Plus:
• Have at least 25% of
eligible facilities
participate in an SCE
Demand Response
program
• Conduct co- branded
marketing and outreach
to residential customers
on SCE's Demand
Response programs
• At least one (1) eligible
facility implement a DR
measure recommended
from the iDSM audit
u". ,'lx
• Technical support
• Strategic Plan support
• Co- branded marketing and
outreach support
• Incentives for customized
city /community offerings
Basic EE Criteria Plus:
• City implements Energy Action
Plan (policies, ordinances, and
procedures)
• Target 100% of city facilities to
complete specified EE upgrades
• Target 20% kWh reduction for
city facilities
• Co- sponsor marketing and
outreach to the community on
EE programs
Basic DR Criteria Plus:
• At least one (1) eligible facility
to participate in one (1) SCE
Demand Response program
• Have at least 50% of eligible
facilities participate in an SCE
Demand Response program and
develop a Demand Reduction
Action Plan for the participating
facilities
• Organize a local outreach event
during the spring /summer
season to promote Demand
Response /iDSM
The EAP is to serve as a strategic plan that identifies a menu of actions the City can take to achieve electricity efficiency
in the community. As a strategic plan, the EAP is designed to afford the City Council the greatest degree of possible
latitude while still accomplishing City objectives. This latitude is necessary to allow for future integration of new
technologies, state regulations, and regional programs.
This is a unique plan that identifies the City's role in reducing
electricity use, both as a steward of the community and as a leader
through its own operations. Strategies in the EAP will shape Arcadia's
planning framework, prioritize ongoing outreach responsibilities, and
guide government operations.
Arcadia will use the EAP as a tool to facilitate electricity efficiency
while achieving other local economic and planning objectives, refining
the EAP as programs are implemented and tested over time.
Strategies in this EAPwill be an integral part of resource management,
planning, and development in the community. The EAP is an analytical
link for the City between electricity reduction targets, local
development, and state and regional electricity planning efforts.
The EAP provides Arcadia with the added benefit of a foundation to
assess local contributions to and impacts of dimate change. While the
primary focus of this EAP is electricity efficiency, the GHG emissions inventory in this plan also provides the City with
an understanding of the local equivalent of the Mate- recommended GHG emissions reduction target to achieve 1990
GHG emissions levels by 2020. The local responsibility was identified in the Assembly Bll (AB) 32 Scoping Ran, which
clarified the 1990 target is equivalent to a 15% reduction below baseline emissions by 2020. The baseline year is chosen
for assessment of energy usage against which future progress can be measured for the single calendar year 2008, and is
consistent with legislative guidance and the Assembly Bill 32 S)oping Ran.
The Scoping Ran also identified a variety of measures, including regulations, incentives, voluntary actions, and market -
based approaches, to achieve the target reduction. The California Natural Resources Agency has also directed local
governments to assess GHG emissions through the California Environmental Quality Act review process. The GHG
inventory in this EAP allows Arcadia to identify the local equivalent of the Mate- recommended reduction target. The
EAP also allows the City to understand the GHG mitigation potential of the strategies outlined in this Ran.
Based on the funding opportunity provided through the CEESP, the EAP's primary focus is electricity efficiency. While
this EAP presents a comprehensive GHG emissions inventory and forecast, unlike more comprehensive dimate action
plans or GHG reduction strategies, mitigation strategies in the EAPfocus only on electricity efficiency. Nonetheless, this
plan lays out Arcadia's role in achieving State - recommended GHG reduction targets.
Arcadia is a medium -sized community, covering about 11 square miles (in addition to 1.26 square miles in its sphere of
influence) and is home to approximately 56,000 people. It is located in the northwestern portion of the San Gabriel
Valley, about 17 miles northeast of downtown Los Angeles. Arcadia is bordered by a number of other communities,
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including Pasadena to the west, Temple City to the south, Monrovia to the east, and 9erra Madre to the north. Only
one major freeway, Interstate 210, runs through the city. Arcadia is not currently served by any rail systems, although a
station for the Los Angeles Metro Gold Line light rail is scheduled to open in 2015.
HISTORY
Arcadia began as part of the Rancho Santa Anita land grant, which changed owners several times before being acquired
by Elias Jackson "Lucky" Baldwin in 1875. Ten years later the Santa Fe Railroad was extended through the ranch,
prompting Baldwin to start a new town and subdivide the land. The economy of the early town was based largely on
entertainment and tourism, including horseracing, a passion of Baldwin's, until the activity was banned in California in
1909. Arcadia incorporated in 1903, with Baldwin as its first mayor.
Agricultural businesses, including chicken ranches, flourished in Arcadia following World War I, but quickly gage way to
houses starting with the first residential subdivisions in the 1930s. 1934 sadv the repeal of the state ban on horseracing
and the opening of the famous Santa Anita Park racetrack. Arcadia, like most cities in the San Gabriel Valley,
experienced rapid growth in the post -World War II period, and was largely built out by the 1980s.
ARCADIA TODAY
Resent -day Arcadia is predominantly residential, although a significant portion of the community is dedicated to retail
commercial land uses. The city has virtually no vacant land available.
Table 1: Land Uses in Arcadia, 2009
Residential
68%
Commercial
11%
Office
1%
Industrial
1.5%
Public institution
13%
Open space
5%
Vacant land
0.3%
Mixed use
0.2%
Total
100%
,3burce: Arcada 2010 C -neral Ran Land Use Update
Arcadia is an older community with a median age of 43.1, greater than many neighboring communities as well as the
County of Los Angeles. Almost one -third of city residents are between 40 and 59, and another 22 %are 60 or older.
i
Table 2: Age Cohorts in Arcadia, 2010
Under 5 years
2,432
4.3%
5 to 9 years
3,166
5.6%
10 to 14 years
3,928
7%
15 to 19 years
4,021
7.1%
20 to 24 years
2,845
5%
25 to 29 years
2,845
5%
30 to 34 years
2,725
4.8%
35 to 39 years
3,452
6.1%
40 to 44 years
4,387
7.8%
45 to 49 years
5,063
9%
50 to 54 years
4,801
8.5%
55 to 59 years
4,122
7.3%
60 to 64 years
3,363
6%
65 to 69 years
2,480
4.4%
70 to 74 years
2,114
3.8%
75 to 79 years
1,632
2.9%
80 to 84 years
1,416
2.5%
85 years and over
1,572
2.8%
Total
56,364
100%
,Sburce. USCensu4 2010, Table DR1
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As shown in Figure 4, Arcadia is a minority - majority community, with Asian peoples (mostly people who identify as
Chinese) making up more than half of the city's residents and white residents comprising about a quarter of Arcadia's
population. Almost half of the city's residents were born outside of the United States, and more than 60% speak a
language other than English at home.
Asian
59%
Figure 4: Arcadia Racial /Ethnic Profile, 2010
Rlack nthPr
White
26%
_ Hispanic
12%
The economy of Arcadia is heavily based on professional, scientific, and sales occupations, these economic sectors
provide more than 80% of the jobs in the city. Vons is the single largest employer in Arcadia, providing 459 jobs as of
2010. Other large employers include the Methodist Hospital, the Macy's, Nordstrom, and JC Penney department stores,
24 Hour Fitness, and the Emergency Groups' Office medical billing company. Table 3 shows the top employment
sectors in the city.
Table 3: Employment Sectors in Arcadia, 2010
Management, business, science, and art
13,941
52.1%
Sales and office
7,785
29.1%
Service
2,793
10.4%
Production and transportation
1,428
5.3%
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
796
3%
Total
26,743
100%
Sburce US Cen&4 American Community grey 2006x2010, Table DP-03
i
The average resident of Arcadia is more affluent than the average resident of many surrounding communities. The
median household in the city has an annual gross income of about $77,000, and the average household earns over
$108,000 annually (see Table 4). Close to 40 %of Arcadia households earn over $100,000 each year, and about 10 %of
the city's residents live below the state poverty level (in contrast to over 16 %for Los Angeles County).
Table 4: Household Income in Arcadia, 2010
Less than $10,000 1,145 6.00%
$10,000 to $14,999 716 3.80%
$15,000 to $24,999 1,109 5.80%
$25,000 to $34,999 1,125 5.90%
$35,000 to $49,999 1,666 8.80%
$50,000 to $74,999 3,469 18.30%
$75,000 to $99,999 2,417 12.70%
$100,000 to $149,999 3,266 17.20%
$150,000 to $199,999 1,923 10.10%
$200,000 or more 2,147 11.30%
Total 18,983 100%
,Sburce: USCensu4 American Community money 2006 - 2010, Table DP-03
The City of Arcadia worked through a five -step planning process, as depicted in Figure 5, to develop and implement
the EAR Following this five -step process allows the City to adequately identify, collect, and analyze the relevant energy
and GHG data prior to developing and implementing strategies to improve energy efficiency and reduce GHG emissions.
The EAP's outreach process engaged City staff, residents, business owners, and stakeholders in the identification and
refinement of electricity efficiency issues and strategies. The goal of the outreach process was to help City staff make
better decisions and develop effective local strategies for electricity efficiency.
d I -,'I, err
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The development process for the EAP relied on a multi - pronged outreach strategy involving City staff, public
participation, and guidance from a regonal Roject Steering Committee.
Figure 5: The EAP Planning Process
• Assemble City Energy Action Team
• Identify data needs and stakeholder groups
• Request, collect, and analyze data following protocols
• Forecast emissions and set reduction targets
• Results of inventory and forecast
• Community values and goals
• Options to reduce energy use
• Costs and benefits of each action
• Fund and implement actions
• Review progresstoward goals
Project Steering Committee
Along with staff representing other San Gabriel Valley cities taking part in the regonal EAP project, City staff
participated in a regonal Roject Steering Committee (PSC). The committee included representatives from all 27 cities
participating in the project. The purpose of the PSC is to confirm a regonal approach to EAP development, guide the
project, share best practices among jurisdictions, and support tailored, local EARS. The PSC convened approximately
once a month from Jane 2011 to September 2012. During PSC meetings, representatives from SGVCOG staff and the
technical consultant project team facilitated discussions and presentations to review options to achieve electricity
efficiency.
PSC members regularly voted on topics through an instant polling tool, Turning Fbint, to provide input on a variety of
topics, including the regonal framework, GHG data collection process, GHG scopes and sources, reduction policies and
programs, and engagement options for the EARS. The polling tool collected city staff responses, which were used to
inform the recommendations that the project team used to prepare this EAP. Other PSC topics included options to
conduct public outreach and engage city staff. PSC members also presented case studies, sharing success stories and
lessons learned from project implementation.
Community Events
RAblic participation is important to developing an EAP, because it builds local capacity and momentum for project
implementation. Public participation for the City of Arcadia's EAP was designed to engage key stakeholders, including
community members, elected officials, and City staff. As a first step, the project team worked with City staff to develop
a customized outreach strategy during the Arcadia Pancake Breakfast shown in Figure 6.
i
Figure 6: Summary of Outreach Event
In addition to supporting development of the EAP, this event provided an opportunity to educate the community about
electricity use and efficiency opportunities. Outreach efforts helped the community to think about strategies to reduce
electricity use and to improve the efficiency of their homes and businesses.
Participants provide feedback at the Arcadia Pancake Breakfast
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As part of the regional partnership with the 9GVCOG, the City
distributed a Personal Energy Action Survey at the Arcadia Pancake
Breakfast and through the City website to solicit input about home energy
use. A blank version of the survey is provided in Appendix A.
Participation in the survey was voluntary. Survey results help to provide a
useful snapshot of energy - related opinions and behavior; however, the
results should not be interpreted as statistically valid.
Approximately 95 people completed the survey in three languages
(English, Korean and Chinese). Through the survey, the City gathered
information about the type of improvements completed to home or
business, the level of interest in completing additional improvements, and
what level of support exists for strategies that will improve electrical
efficiency throughout the community. Most survey respondents were
residents (56 %); other respondents work in Arcadia (12 %) or own a business
(1 %). The majority of respondents own their own home (73°/4, while the
remainder rent a house or apartment. Figure 7 provides the full results of
respondents' actions.
Figure 7: Completed Energy Efficiency Upgrades
Installed energy - efficient lightbulbs
Installed energy - efficient appliances
Upgraded heating and cooling system
Upgraded insulation
Upgraded windows
Installed solar water heater
Installed photovoltaic or wind unit
In addition to asking about actions already taken, the survey asked respondents what energy efficiency upgrades they
would consider doing in the future, both in the next year and in the next five years. When asked about what they would
do in the next year, many respondents favored smaller -scale upgrades such as continuing to replace light bulbs and
appliances with more energy - efficient models. Over a five -year time frame, respondents were willing to make greater
investments and take actions such as installing solar water heaters and photovoltaic solar panels to generate electricity.
The survey results indicate that many energy - saving actions are feasible in Arcadia and that the majority of participants
are personally willing to consider them. Figure 8 shows the full list of actions respondents would be willing to consider
within the next five years.
i
Figure 8: Energy Efficiency Upgrades that Would Be Considered in the Next 5 Years
Replace older light bulbs with more energy - efficient bulbs
Replace appliances with more energy - efficient models
Upgrade insulation
Install asolar water heater
Install photovoltaic solar panels on roof
Nothing
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Lastly, respondents were asked what would motivate them to make the energy efficiency upgrades discussed above.
While financial incentives such as grants and lower utility bills were the biggest motivators among respondents, many
also reported that they could be encouraged by educational campaigns. Both types of incentives will be discussed later in
this EAR Answers to this question are illustrated in Figure 9.
Figure 9: Incentives or Motivators for Energy Efficiency Upgrades
More information on the energy /financial savings
Grants or incentive programs to offset costs
Low - interest loans
List of reliable contractors or installers
Lower utility bills
None of the above
44%
44%
d I -,'I, err
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WaTaUnTro
This greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventory and forecast (Inventory) provides a detailed summary of community -
wide and municipal GHG emissions. This information is used to create reduction strategies in the City of Arcadia's
Energy Action Ran (EAP) to improve energy efficiency and reduce GHG emissions from the baseline conditions.
Calendar year 2008 was selected w the baseline year so that the EAP could use the demographic and municipal
operations information gathered to support preparation of the City's General Ran. The detailed summary of GHG
emissions provided can also be used as a foundation for future dimate action planning projects.
Specifically, the GHG Inventory:
• Resents GHG emissions from community -wide and municipal activities in the baseline year 2008.
• R'ovides a snapshot of total GHGs and electricity - specific emissions from community -wide and municipal
activities in calendar year 2010.
• Forecasts how community -wide total emissions and electricity specific emissions will increase by 2020 if no
beha/ioral or regulatory changes are made (known as a business- as&usual scenario).
• Adjusts the GHG forecasts to account for reduction efforts mandated by the Mate of California, such as new
energy efficiency and vehicle standards.
• R'ovides City staff, decision - makers, and stakeholders with adequate information to direct development of this
EAP and to establish GHG emissions reduction and energy efficiency targets.
DESCRIPTION OF RELEVANT EMISSIONS AND KEY CONCEPTS
The Inventory includes the major sources of GHGs caused by activities in the city. These sources are included based on
a regionally consistent approach using statewide best practices and California Air Resources Board (CARB)
recommendations. The Inventory analyzes GHG emissions from community and municipal sources as described in
Figure 10. Refer to Appendix B for detailed activity data and emissions by sector and subsector and to Appendix C
for activity data sources and specific emissions factors for each subsector.
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Figure 10: Community and Municipal GHG Emissions Sources, 2008
The City of Arcadia emitted approximately 474,610 MTCOze in the baseline year 2008. As shown in Figure 11 and
Table 5, the transportation sector was the largest contributor to emissions (54 %), producing approximately 256,150
MTCOze in 2008. Residential energy use was the next largest sector with 94,320 MTCOze, or 20% of total emissions.
Commercial and industrial (including direct access customers) use followed closely with 78,080 MTCOze, contributing
about 16% of total emissions. The community- generated waste and water sectors each comprised 3% of the total
emissions (14,000 and 13,810 MTCOze respectively), and emissions from street and traffic lighting and wastewater each
comprised 1 %of the total (3,300 and 3,650 MTCOze respectively). The remaining 1 %of emissions consisted of landfill
emissions and off -road sources such as construction equipment. Combined, these remaining sectors contributed 2,980
MTCOze. For a detailed description of activity datak such as the breakdown of residential electricity and natural gas uses,
refer to Appendix B.
i
Figure 11: Community -Wide GHG Emissions by Sector, 2008
On-Road
Transportation
54%
Street & Traffic
Lighting
1%
Direct Access
Electricity
2%
Table 5: Community -Wide GHG Emissions by Sector, 2008 (MTCO2e)
Residential Electricity
94,320
20%
Commercial /Industrial Energy
78,080
16%
Direct Access Electricity
8,320
2%
Street & Traffic Lighting
3,300
1%
On -Road Transportation
256,150
54%
Waste
14,000
3%
Off -Road Equipment
2,700
1%
Water
13,810
3%
Wastewater
31650
1%
Landfill
280
<1%
Total*
474,610
100%
Due to roundng, the total maynot equal the sum of component parts
Fblicy R &2.2 of the 2010 Arcadia General Ran Resource Bastainability
Bement calls for a reduction in per capita GHG
emissions, or the average emissions per
resident in a gven year.
To determine the per capita GHG emissions, the
baseline GHG emissions of 474,610 MTCO2e were divided by the city's 2008 population (56,080), resulting in a baseline
per capita figure of 8.5 MTCO2e.
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2010 COMMUNITY EMISSIONS UPDATE
Activity data for 2010 was a/ailable for many community sectors, including energy, transportation, waste, community off-
road, indirect wastewater, and water. This information has been translated into GHG emissions for Arcadia and all
other participating cities and will serve as a common benchmark that will allow for accurate comparison between all
cities in the San Gabriel Valley participating in the EAP process. This 2010 interim inventory will also help cities track
GHG and energy reductions from programs implemented since the baseline year.
Table 6 summarizes activity data for 2010 and compares emissions from baseline and 2010 for the community of
Arcadia Overall, community -wide emissions in Arcadia fell by 2% between the baseline year and 2010. Sectors that
showed a decrease in emissions from 2008 to 2010 include residential electricity, commercial /industrial electricity and
natural gas, direct access electricity, transportation, solid waste, transformed waste, and landfill emissions. The sectors
reported that showed increases in emissions are residential natural gas, street and traffic lighting, off -road equipment,
alternative daily cover waste, water, and indirect wastewater electricity use.
A few sectors, including off -road construction equipment and waste, experienced drastic changes in emissions between
2008 and 2010. The 40 %increase in off -road emissions shown in Table 6 is the result of modeling limitations that don't
account for the likely decline in construction equipment emissions resulting from the housing construction decline in
recent years. The large decrease in solid waste could reflect a decline in construction waste, although it is common to
see significant fluctuations in waste disposal activities.
Table 6: 2010 Electricity Use and 2008 GHG Emissions Comparison
Residential Electricity
161,357,830
145,578,890
-10%
kWh
46,450
41,910
-10%
Residential Natural
8,999,260
9,092,990
1%
Therms
47,870
48,370
1%
Gas
Commercial/
208,441,290
197,731,670
-5%
kWh
60,000
56,920
-5%
Industrial Electricity
Commercial/
3,398,740
3,372,740
_1%
Therms
18,080
17,940
_1%
Industrial Natural Gas
Direct Access
19,862,420
18,132,600
-9%
kWh
8,320
7,590
-9%
Electricity
Street & Traffic
11,479,230
11,891,310
4%
kWh
3,300
3,420
4%
Lighting
On -Road
488,582,200
491,432,890
1%
VMT
256,150
254,390
-1%
Transportation
Tons of
Waste - Solid Waste
51,740
41,960
-19%
9,620
7,800
-19%
Waste
Waste - Green Waste
15,620
16,950
9%
Tons of ADC
2,410
2,610
8%
Waste - Transformed
6,480
2,550
-61%
Tons
1,970
780
-60%
Transformed
Off -Road Equipment
19,470
19,590
1%
Households
2,700
3,760
40%
Water
47,968,100
47,793,330
<1%
kWh
13,810
13,760
<1%
Wastewater - Indirect
12,670,500
12,670,500
<1%
kWh
3,650
3,650
<1%
Tons of
Landfill
37,950
37,950
-
Waste in
280
270
-4%
Place
Total*
474,610
463,170
-2%
Due to roundng the total may not equal the sum of component parts
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MUNICIPAL
The municipal inventory includes GHG emissions from the operations and activities conducted by the City of Arcadia
GHG emissions were calculated from activity data collected by the City. Operations and activities by the City in 2008
resulted in approximately 7,740 MTCO2e. Figure 12 and Table 7 depict the contribution of each activity to total GHG
emissions. Water conveyance and buildings produced the majority of the City's emissions, with water producing 2,960
MTCO2e and building energy use producing 1,680 MTCO2e. Reet fuel consumption resulted in 1,110 MTCO2e (14 %)
and employee commutes contributed 1,180 MTCO2e (15 %). RAblic lighting made up 9% share of total municipal
emissions (660 MTCO2e). Government - generated solid waste made up 2% (130 MTCO2e). Off -road equipment use
emitted approximately 20 MTCO2e equaling less than 1 %of total emissions. Municipal operations refrigerant use was
not reported and current employees were surveyed to provide proxy data for both baseline and 2010 employee
commute data
Figure 12: Municipal GHG Emissions by Sector, 2008
LTA
Fmnlnvpp
14%
i
Government -
Generated Waste
2%
i Idi ngs
22%
nt
Table 7: Municipal GHG Emissions by Sector, 2008
Buildings
Off -Road Equipment
Fleet
Lighting
Water
Employee Commute
Government - Generated Solid Waste
1,680
20
M 1
••1
2,960
1,180
130
Total* 7,740
. Due to roundng the total may rict equal the sum of component parts
2010 MUNICIPAL EMISSIONS UPDATE
22%
<1%
14%
9%
38%
15%
2%
100%
As with the community datak municipal activity data was available for 2010 for the following sectors: buildings, lighting,
and water. Baseline emissions from off -road equipment, fleet, employee commute, and government - generated solid
waste were used as proxies to estimate 2010 data This information, shown in Table 8, has been used to create a
snapshot of 2010 municipal GHG emissions. City traffic and public lighting electricity use sadv significant decreases
between 2008 and 2010, as a result of City lighting upgrades. Building natural gas use increased by 41 °/Q the result of gas
usage doubling at the City Library and a 30% gas usage increase at the City Hall Complex. The increase does not seem
to be linked to any particular activity, although it is not unusual for natural gas use to vary significantly from year to year.
Overall, emissions from City government operations in 2010 were estimated at 7,580 MTCO2e, a 2% decrease from
baseline.
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Table 8: Comparison of Municipal GHG Emissions, 2008 -2010
Buildings - Electricity
4,678,210
4,416,700
-6%
kWh
1,350
1,270
Buildings - Natural Gas
61,380
86,480
41%
Therms
330
460
Off -Road Equipment
1,540
1,540
-
VMT
20
20
Fleet - Gasoline **
120,030
120,030
-
Gallons
1,110
1,110
Fleet - Diesel **
0
0
-
Gallons
0
0
Fleet - CNG **
0
0
-
Gallons
0
0
Lighting - City -Owned
Streetlights
920,640
926,910
1%
kWh
260
270
Lighting - Traffic Lights
241,920
219,870
-9%
kWh
70
60
Lighting - SCE -Owned
Streetlights
989,790
1,026,630
4%
kWh
280
300
Lighting - Other Public
Lights
169,850
138,450
-18%
kWh
50
40
Water
10,296,620
9,537,870
-7%
kWh
2,960
2,750
Employee Commute **
1,678,890
1,678,890
-
VMT
1,180
1,180
Government - Generated
Solid Waste
720
720
-
Tons
130
130
Total*
7,740
7,590
Acthdty data fa, 2010 was not available at the time
of this report. dine fleet data was used as a proxy, and employee commute sum,ey data for the
aarrent year is used as a proxy.
Due to roundrg the total may not equal the sum of component parts
COMMUNITY BUSINESS -AS -USUAL (BAU) INDICATORS
-6%
39%
4%
-14%
7%
-20%
-7%
-2%
Table 9 lists the various growth indicators and sources used in the forecasting of Arcadia's community -wide emissions.
For a detailed explanation of indicator methods for all sectors, see Appendix B. Future energy use (including
electricity) was forecast by assuming that the energy consumption per household and per job would stay roughly the
same over time. For residential energy use, household growth rates are calculated and multiplied by the per - household
energy use rate. 9milarly, for commercial and industrial energy use, emissions are assumed to grow with the number of
jobs.
i
Table 9: Comparison of 2008 and 2010 Data to Forecasts of Jobs, Households, and Transportation
94,320
90,280
97,060
3%
Commercial /Industrial Energy
Jobs
Commercial /Industrial Energy
26,700
22,450
28,100
Service Population (Residents + Jobs)
Solid Waste, Water, Wastewater, Landfill
82,780
78,810
87,700
Households
Residential Energy, Off -Road
20,300
19,590
21,000
Annual VMT
Transportation
488,582,200
491,817,330
506,513,470
COMMUNITY BUSINESS -AS -USUAL FORECAST
Table 10 summarizes the gowth forecast of GHG emissions by activity sector without any actions or policies in place
to reduce GHG emissions. Under the BAU growth scenario, baseline emissions are estimated to grow by 4% in 2020.
Table 10: Comparison of Community -Wide
BAU Forecasts by Sector, 2008 and 2010 (MTCO2e)
Residential Energy
94,320
90,280
97,060
3%
Commercial /Industrial Energy
78,080
74,860
78,350
0%
Direct Access Electricity
8,320
7,590
8,760
5%
Street & Traffic Lighting
3,300
3,420
3,420
4%
On -Road Transportation
256,150
254,390
265,550
4%
Waste
14,000
11,190
14,830
6%
Off -Road Equipment
2,700
3,760
3,430
83%
Water
13,810
13,760
14,630
6%
Wastewater - Indirect
3,650
3,650
4,060
11%
Landfill
280
270
300
7%
Total
474,610
463,170
490,390
3%
MUNICIPAL BUSINESS -AS -USUAL FORECAST
The City of Arcadia's municipal forecast assumes a no -growth scenario for buildings, off -road equipment, fleet, employee
commute, and government - generated solid waste based on data received for 2008 and 2010. Bectricity used for
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outdoor lighting is projected to decrease slightly due to planned projects reducing that sector's energy use. Bectricity
used for water conveyance is assumed to grow based on projected increases in service population. Due to this growth
in water conveyance, projections show a 3 %and a 6 %increase in municipal operations by 2020.
Table 11: Comparison of Municipal BAU Forecasts by Sector, 2008 and 2010 (MTCOze)
Buildings 1,680 1,730 1,730
Off -Road Equipment 20 20 20
Fleet 1,110 1,110 1,110
Lighting 660 670 650
Water 2,960 2,750 3,140
Employee Commute 1,180 1,180 1,180
Government - Generated Solid Waste 130 130 130
Total 7,740 7,590 7,960
% Change from 2008 — -2% 3%
� R
�, t t ��
STATE REDUCTIONS
The Mate of California has been a proactive force in reducing GHG emissions. Regulations affecting vehicle standards,
building standards, and the renewable energy content of electricity will reduce GHG levels in the city. The state actions
listed below are incorporated into the BAU forecast to create a more realistic estimate of the City's future emissions.
For a detailed description of these actions, see Appendix B.
Clean Car Fuel Standard (Assembly Bill (AB) 1493 — Pavley): Requires carmakers to reduce GHG emissions from
new passenger cars and light trucks beginning in 2011. CARB anticipates that the Favley standards will reduce GHG
emissions from California passenger vehicles by about 22 %in 2012 and by about 30 %in 2016.
Renewables Portfolio Standard (RP -9: Requires utility providers to increase the portion of energy that comes from
renewable sources to 20% by 2010 and to 33% by 2020. Due to potential implementation issues, the ABAU forecast
assumes that energy providers will achieve a minimum 28% renewable portfolio by 2020.
California Building Code (Title 24, CALGreen): Requires each new building constructed in California to incorporate
direct electricity, natural gas, and water savings.
California Solar Initiative: A state program that provides cash rebates for the installation of an electric solar panel
system.
i
COMMUNITY ABAU FORECAST
All state programs highlighted above are included in the community -wide ABAU forecast. As shown in Table 12, these
state reduction efforts are anticipated to reduce BAU emissions by 61,870 MTCO2e in 2020. The majority of these
reductions are from the Pavley standards and the RPS In comparison to the BAU scenario, 2020 emissions with state
reduction measures are 9 %below baseline 2008 levels rather than 4 %above (see Table 13).
Table 12: Impact of State Reductions on Community Emissions, 2020 (MTCO2e)
Pavley I Reductions - 40,990
RPS Reductions - 17,770
CSI Reductions -1,430
CALGreen Reductions -1,680
Total State Reductions - 61,870
Table 13: Comparison of Community ABAU
Forecasts by Sector to 2008 and 2010 Emissions (MTCO2e)
BAU Forecast
Total State Reductions
Adjusted BAU Forecast
Percentage Change from 2008
MUNICIPAL ABAU FORECAST
474,610 463,170 490,390
— — - 61,870
474,590 463,170 428,520
-2% -10%
Only certain state reduction programs affect the municipal BAU forecast. These include the RP$ the Pavley standards
and the Title 24 efficiency standards. The primary reductions will occur from the Pavley standards in the nearer term
and the RPS in the longer term (see Table 14). The CJ is not applicable to municipalities and is not quantified. Table
15 shows the effect of the included state reduction efforts on BAU emissions. Emissions in 2020 are expected to be
reduced by 1000 MTCO2e in 2020. No reductions came from the Title 24 reductions because the City does not have
any set plans to expand buildings in the future. 2020 ABAU emissions are 10 %below baseline (6,950 MTCO2e).
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Table 14: Impact of State Reductions on Municipal Emissions, 2020 (MTCO2e)
Pavley Reductions -360
RPS Reductions -640
CALGreen Reductions —
Total State Reductions* -1,000
Table 15: Comparison of Municipal ABAU
Forecasts by Sector to 2020 and 2010 Emissions (MTCO2e)
BAU Forecast
Total State Reductions*
Adjusted Forecast
Percentage Change from 2008
7,740 7,590 7,960
— — -1,000
7,740 7,590 6,960
-2% -10%
As previously mentioned, this EAP can serve as the foundation for future climate action planning projects. Community -
wide GHG reduction targets have been included as an informational item. While this overall GHG emissions reduction
target was consulted when establishing community -wide and municipal electricity reduction targets, the two are not
linked directly. For electricity specific community -wide reduction goals, see Chapter 4.
STATE- RECOMMENDED 2020 REDUCTION TARGETS
AB 32 recommends that local governments adopt a GHG reduction target of 15% below baseline levels by 2020. The
state has not adopted GHG reduction targets beyond 2020; however, in 2005, then - Governor Brhwarzenegger signed
Executive Order &3 -05, which created a goal to reduce GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 and to 80 %below 1990
levels by 2050.
As shown in Table 16 and Figure 13, the City would need to facilitate a reduction in emissions of 25,100 MTCO2e to
meet the Mate- recommended AB 32 Broping Ran goal of 15% below baseline levels by 2020.
i
Table 16: State- Recommended 2020 Reduction Targets (MTCO2e)
State - Recommended Reduction Targets (percentage below baseline) 15%
State - Recommended Emissions Goal (MTCO2e)
ABAU Forecast with State Reductions (MTCO2e)
403,420
428,520
Local Reduction Needed from Adjusted BAU (MTCO2e) - 25,100
Figure 13: GHG Forecast and Recommended Reduction Target Summary
500,000
475,000
450,000
425,000
2008 2010 2015 2020
Baseline BAU Forecast AB 32 Reduction Target M HI HI HI HI ABAU Forecast
Through General Ran Fblicy R &2.2, Arcadia has also set as a goal reducing per capita GHG emissions to 15% below
2005 levels by 2020. This City selected 2008 as the baseline year for this EAP, in part, for consistency with the General
Ran BR baseline year of 2008. Year 2005 emissions were not calculated as part of this project. The 2020 reduction
target is presented in two ways: as the amount of MTCO2e reduction required for consistency with AB 32 (Table 16
and Figure 13) and as a per capita goal for consistency with the General Ran (Table 17).
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Table 17: Comparison of Baseline, General Plan
Goal, and ABAU Per Capita GHG Emissions (MTCO2e)
2008 Per Capita GHG Emissions 8.5
2020 Per Capita GHG Emissions Target 7.2
2020 ABAU Per Capita GHG Emissions 7.2
Local Per Capita GHG Emissions Reduction 0.0
Needed to Achieve 2020 Goal
Eectricity used in Arcadia's homes and businesses is primarily provided by Southern California Edison (SCE). SCE
generates electricity from a mix of nonrenewable sources, such as coal and natural gas, and renewable sources, such as
biomass, geothermal, solar, and wind. SCE operates the Big Creek Hydroelectric Rant and San Onofre Nuclear
Generating Station in the region.
The amount of electricity used to power homes and businesses determines how much power SCE needs to generate
and the quantity of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emitted. If the energy needed for daily activities is decreased, reductions
can be achieved in the amount of electricity SCE needs to generate and transmit. In addition, the GHGs associated with
electricity generation would decrease. The most common uses of electricity are for lighting and heating/cooling buildings,
for powering appliances such as refrigerators, computers, and washing machines, and for pumping water around the city
and into homes or to treatment plants. An example of a home with energy - efficient features is shown in Figure 14.
Figure 14: Energy Efficiency Home Features
Daily Actions for Energy Conservation
Energy Improvements
'Whole HouselOffice Strategies
1. Turn off lights when not in use
5. Replace older light bulbs with energy - efficient bulbs
11. Insulate attics, walls, and/or hot water pipes
2. Unplug applianceslelectronics
6. Replace appliances /electronics with energy - efficient models
12. Upgrade to more highly insulating, heat reflective windows
3. Reduce use of electronic appliances
7. Replace heating /ventilation /air conditioning unit. and /or
13. Seal air and duct leaks
4. Use blinds, internal or external shades,
water heater with energy - efficient model
14. Install motion. sensor lighting to light areas only when in use
or curtains to retain or repel heat
8. Install shower controls to select and change water temperature
15. Use cool roof materials or heat - reflective paints to reduce
9. Use variable speed pool pump
building heat
10. Install skylights and /or light shelves to maximize natural lighting
16. Plant trees and vegetation to cool the building
Water sense waste Reduction
17. Use low -flow showerheads and toilets 21. Minimize waste sent to the landfill
is. Landscape with drought-tolerant plants 22. Recycie /reuse materials
19. Use drip irrigation or other water - conserving landscape irrigation systems 23. Compost organic waste
24. Capture rainwater and store on -site to water landscaped areas 24. Use your own home - generated compost in the yard
Sburog FMC 2012
• ! U Sri T 111154T., ! o ' F
GHGs from electricity use can be reduced, primarily through increasing conservation (i.e., avoiding using electricity) and
improving efficiency (i.e., using less electricity for the same activity) when conservation cannot be realized. Common
conservation practices include unplugging appliances and electronics when not in use and turning off lights during the day
or when the room is empty. Increasing energy efficiency means replacing incandescent light bulbs with compact
fluorescent lights and inefficient or older models of appliances and electronics with new, preferably Energy Star (or
other efficiency label) models in order to use less energy when it is necessary. Using small renewable solar panels can
also reduce demand from SCE for daily electricity use. Reductions in electricity used for water pumping in the
community can be achieved by using less water for irrigation and other household uses. More efficient toilets,
showerheads, faucets, and drip irrigation systems can help conserve water. These are just some examples of energy
efficiency and conservation. This Energy Action Ran (EAP) outlines programs and policies to support efficiency and
conservation of electricity use in the community.
When completing energy efficiency retrofits to buildings, there is a loading order that should be followed to maximize
energy savings while minimizing added costs. Figure 15 depicts the recommended loading order for undertaking energy
efficiency projects and retrofits.
Figure 15: Retrofitting Loading Order
• Heating
• Air Conditioning
• Ventilation
• Water Heating
• Windows
,�<< i
• Solar Photovoltaic
• Sclar Thermal
• Wind
• Water Catchment
UTRIM
The City of Arcadia's built environment and the behaviors of its residents greatly influence its energy profile and
potential energy savings. As analyzed in the previous chapter, electricity and natural gas use by buildings in Arcadia make
up 36% of GHGs. Arcadia's housing stock, like much of Los Angeles County, has changed very little, and the city has
little to no available land for residential development. Approximately 75 %of residential buildings were built before 1980,
as shown in Figure 16. Increasingly, new residential projects result in the demolition of older homes in order to
construct larger homes. While these new homes generate more demand for energy due to their size, they also comply
with current energy efficiency codes and tend to be more energy efficient. The majority of existing residences are singe -
family detached homes (approximately 60 %) and about 97 %of residences are owner - occupied (see Table 18). In 2010,
electricity use per household in Arcadia was approximately 7,400 kilowatt -hours (kWh), which is in the top 10
compared to other San Gabriel Valley cities participating in this project and well above the regonal average. These
characteristics represent an opportunity for the city to facilitate energy use reductions from existing residential units.
Residents of older homes can often benefit, both in energy savings and comfort, from easy and inexpensive upgrades like
caulking and appliance upgrades. Homeowners who live in older homes are likely to see those benefits, as well as realize
property value gains from larger energy efficiency investments. By complying with energy efficiency codes, owners of
new homes can similarly enjoy increased energy efficiency while serving as examples of community -wide sustainability
practices.
Nonresidential uses account for 32% of city lands and include public institutions (13 %), commercial (11 %), open space
(5 0/o), industrial (1.5 %), and office space (1 %) (see Table 19). Mixed -use and vacant lands make up the remaining 0.5%
The City of Arcadia participates in existing SCE programs and has government operations energy efficiency programs in
place to reduce emissions from its contribution to energy use in public institutions. The Westfield Santa Anita shopping
center and the Santa Anita Park racetrack are two examples of existing commercial entities where opportunities to
increase energy efficiency and conservation exist. Nonresidential uses in Arcadia result in about 8,000 kWh of electricity
per job, which is below the regonal average. As in the residential sector, building occupants, employees and customers
can benefit from the increased comfort of improved energy efficiency in heat ingfventilation/air conditioning systems.
Owners and tenants can benefit from energy cost savings resulting from lighting and equipment upgrades. All of these
activities would reduce energy demanded by Arcadia's commercial sector.
i
Built 2005 or later
Built 2000 to 2004
Built 1990 to 1999
Built 1980 to 1989
Built 1970 to 1979
Built 1960 to 1969
Built 1950 to 1959
Built 1940 to 1949
Built 1939 or earlier
Figure 16: Age of Housing in Arcadia, 2010
M1 uernage of i ora nouang unns
Table 18: City's Housing Units by Type, 2010
Owner- Occupied Housing Units
12,370
97%
Renter - Occupied Units
7,220
3%
Single- family detached
11,909
61%
Single- family attached
2,001
10%
Duplex
211
1%
3 -4 units
822
4%
5 -9 units
1,120
6%
10 -20 units
1,551
8%
20 + units
1,874
10%
*,Sburce: USCensu4 American (bmmunity,,Rjney2006 -2010, Table DP-02
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27%
Table 19: Existing Nonresidential Buildings
Public institution
13%
Commercial
11%
Open space
5%
Industrial
1.5%
Office
1 %
Vacant land
0.3%
Mixed use
0.2%
,Sburce: Arcada 2010 C -neral Ran Land Use Update,- American (brnmudty gamey2005-2010
The following characteristics also distinguish Arcadia's built environment from other communities:
• More single -unit detached housing units (61 %) than in the county (51 %) generally.
• Very high rate of owner - occupied housing (97 %).
• Less than 10 %of homes built in the last 20 years.
• More public institutional than commercial /industrial land uses within the city's nonresidential sector.
! a■
Arcadia has very little vacant land and is not expecting any significant population growth. Given these conditions,
development plans will likely focus on preserving and renovating the city's existing built environment while encouraging
mixed -use and commercial /light industrial infill development. The City is planning for new development to occur
primarily around the downtown core (which will include a Metro Gold Line light rail station) and the Santa Anita Park
racetrack.
To compare local usage to regional usage and other cities within the San Gabriel Valley, 2010 electricity data was
assessed for all cities participating in the EAP process, regardless of each city's inventory baseline year. Comparison of
2010 community -wide electricity use allowed for a common regional benchmark. It is important to understand how
Arcadids electricity use compares to regional and statewide electricity use. Households in Arcadia used on average
7,400 kWh of electricity in 2010. This is greater than both state (6,740 kWh/household) and regional (6,300
kWh/household) average household uses as shown in Figure 17. This level of electricity use places Arcadia within the
top 10 household averages for participants in the San Gabriel Valley project.
i
18,000
c 16,000
14,000
12,000
= 10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
V
W
0
s
3
Figure 17: Annual Electricity Use per Household, 2010 (kWh)
i� c bq L c (d (d 2 Q c Z '7 C c -0 2 L tM
m cn Q Q E
r M v c C J ro E o
U `n ) C, Q Vro w o 0 aLi
w Q
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ro V) V)
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M
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f--gonal electriaty trends represent the San Gabriel Valley average for all 27 dties partiapating in the EAPpr ject.
Figure 18 shows the energy intensity of jobs in Arcadia as compared to the other cities participating in the San Gabriel
Valley project. In 2010, the average electricity use per job was 8,000 kWh per job. This is less than the regional average
of 9,400 kWh per job, which is likely due to Arcadia's few industrial jobs.
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f--gonal electriaty trends represgrit the San Gabriel Valley average for all 27 aties partiapating in the EAP project.
2008 ELECTRICITY USAGE
In 2008, the City of Arcadia used 17,296,730 kWh for its buildings and facilities, outdoor lighting, and water pumping
Table 20 shows a breakdown by rate class of total municipal electricity use in those three categories. Non - demand
rated (G -1) accounts include smaller users like Fire Station 107, storage buildings, and garages. The demand rated (G &2)
category indicates those accounts billed based on a tiered approach where higher rates of energy use cost more per
kWh used. These include facilities like Fire Station 106, the Public Works Yard, and the Community Center. Time of use
accounts (TO U-8, TOU -GS) make up approximately 68% of municipal facilities' accounts and include the police station,
library, and the reservoir.
In the public lighting category, there are four rate classes: outdoor lighting (OL -1, AL -2), SCEowned streetlights (L &1),
unmetered City -owned streetlights (M) and traffic signals and controllers (TC -1). Outdoor area lighting consists of
lighting not associated with street areas, and includes parks and parking lots. Bectricity from streetlights makes up the
majority of kWh used in 2008 for outdoor lighting (1,910,130 kWh).
i
Figure 18: Annual Electricity Use per Job, 2010 (kWh)
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f--gonal electriaty trends represgrit the San Gabriel Valley average for all 27 aties partiapating in the EAP project.
2008 ELECTRICITY USAGE
In 2008, the City of Arcadia used 17,296,730 kWh for its buildings and facilities, outdoor lighting, and water pumping
Table 20 shows a breakdown by rate class of total municipal electricity use in those three categories. Non - demand
rated (G -1) accounts include smaller users like Fire Station 107, storage buildings, and garages. The demand rated (G &2)
category indicates those accounts billed based on a tiered approach where higher rates of energy use cost more per
kWh used. These include facilities like Fire Station 106, the Public Works Yard, and the Community Center. Time of use
accounts (TO U-8, TOU -GS) make up approximately 68% of municipal facilities' accounts and include the police station,
library, and the reservoir.
In the public lighting category, there are four rate classes: outdoor lighting (OL -1, AL -2), SCEowned streetlights (L &1),
unmetered City -owned streetlights (M) and traffic signals and controllers (TC -1). Outdoor area lighting consists of
lighting not associated with street areas, and includes parks and parking lots. Bectricity from streetlights makes up the
majority of kWh used in 2008 for outdoor lighting (1,910,130 kWh).
i
Table 20: Municipal Electricity Use by Rate Class, 2008
Non - Demand Rated (GS -1)
233,760
1%
Demand Rated (GS -2)
1,271,180
7%
Time -of -Use (TOU -8, TOU -GS)
3,173,270
18%
Total Buildings and Facilities
4,678,210
27%
Outdoor Area Lighting (OL -1, AL -2)
169,850
1 %
SCE -Owned Streetlights (LS -1)
989,790
6%
Unmetered City -Owned Streetlights (LS -2)
920,340
5%
Traffic Lights (TC -1)
241,920
1%
Total Lighting
2,321,900
13%
Demand Rated 7,347,000 42%
Non - Demand Rated Agriculture and Pumping (TOU -PA -5) 2,949,620 17%
Total Water Pumping 10,296,620 60%
Total All Municipal Accounts 17,296,730 100%
COMPARISON OF BASELINE YEAR TO 2010
The goal of identifying baseline and current year energy use is to better understand how the City uses electricity and
identify opportunities to further reduce energy use at City facilities. Figure 19 compares the City's 2008 electricity use
to 2010 data and provides a breakdown of the types of activities in which that electricity is used. Between 2008 and
2010, the City's municipal electricity use declined approximately 12 %.
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Figure 19: City of Arcadia Municipal Electricity Use by Rate Structure
Table 21 identifies the top ten municipal electricity users. Between 2008 and 2010, eight out of ten facilities sadv a
decrease in electricity use, half of them achieving a 10% or more reduction. These reductions are in part due to
Arcadia's leadership in implementing energy efficiency in municipal operations. The most notable changes occurred at
Arcadia Fire Stations 105 and 106. The 45% increase in kWh is likely because Fire Station 105 was not occupied for the
entire 2008 calendar year (the facility was constructed in 2007 and occupied in 2008). Arcadia Fire Station 106 had been
hosting battalion 105 and engine 105 and likely sadv a 27% reduction from 2008 to 2010 as a result of no longer needing
to host them. City Hall, the public library, and the Public Works Yard sadv reductions as a result of energy efficiency
projects, which are described in more detail in Chapter 4.
i
Table 21: City of Arcadia Top 10 Electricity Uses by Account, 2008 -2010
City Hall /Police
$252,422
$223,441
-11%
Department
240 Huntington Ave.
1,937,340
1,734,283
SCE -Owned
Citywide
944,889
981,412
Streetlights
$109,098
$111,195
2%
Arcadia Public
20 W. Duarte Rd.
935,525
704,368
Library
$36,781
$34,771
-5%
City Streetlights
Citywide
885,335
886,677
Arcadia
$31,804
$ 10,903
66%
Community
365 Campus Dr.
402,400
380,640
Center
$9,057
$ 8,202
-9%
Public Works Yard
11800 Goldring Rd.
272,460
240,060
Arcadia Fire
630 S. Baldwin Ave.
268,960
195,600
Station 106
Arcadia Fire
710 S. Santa Anita
Station 105
Ave.
204,320
295,360
Arcadia High
School Lighting
180 Campus Dr.
72,720
74,200
Arcadia Fire
79 W. Orange Grove
Station 107
Ave.
58,900
52,726
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-10%
$252,422
$223,441
-11%
4%
$286,202
$326,782
14%
-25%
$129,110
$105,640
-18%
0%
$109,098
$111,195
2%
-5%
$55,510
$56,438
-2%
-12%
$36,781
$34,771
-5%
-27%
$33,265
$25,514
-23%
45%
$31,804
$ 10,903
66%
2%
$30,230
$ 33,451
11%
-10%
$9,057
$ 8,202
-9%
The City of Arcadia has identified key energy efficiency targets that support the goals of the Energy Leader Partnership
(B_P) and local planning priorities. Consistent with the targets of the California Public Utility Commission's (CPUC)
Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Ran (CEEB) (refer to Chapter 1, Figure 1), the focus of this Ran is on
electricity efficiency. Bectricity efficiency also provides the added benefit of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
Accordingly, the Energy Action Ran (EAP) also presents the Mate- recommended GHG reduction target of 15% below
baseline emissions levels by 2020 as a supportive target. This approach equips the City to understand the relative impact
of electricity efficiency within the overall regulatory guidance related to GHG emissions.
In order to help meet the Mate- recommended reduction target of 15% below baseline GHG emissions, this chapter
presents electricity - specific reduction targets, developed through this planning process and shown in Figure 20. Each
reduction target is supported by a series of goals, policies, and actions.
Figure 20: Arcadia's Energy Efficiency Targets
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STRATEGY STRUCTURE
The City's energy efficiency strategy is structured around seven key topic areas, as depicted in Figure 21. Each topic
area indudes corresponding goals, policies, and supporting actions that are necessary for successful implementation.
Together, the recommended goals, policies, and actions provide the City's "strategy" to achieve the electricity efficiency
targets of this EAR Each piece has a unique function, but they work together collectively to reduce electricity use.
Goal: The desired end state or expected outcome related to electricity reductions. Each goal corresponds
to one of the topic areas identified.
• Fblicy: A statement that guides decision - making and indicates a commitment to achieve the specified
outcomes of the goal. Fblicies provide the foundation for quantification of electricity reduction potentials.
• Implementation Action: An action, procedure, program, or strategy to achieve the electricity reductions of a
policy. Action items provide interim steps or supporting strategies and the range of opportunities to
increase the electricity reduction potential of a policy.
0
Figure 21: Energy Efficiency Strategy Topics
POLICY CRITERIA AND EVALUATION
Each policy is assessed for its reduction of electricity use in government operations or community activities. In addition
to electricity reductions, this EAP also identifies estimated costs, savings, responsibility for implementation, and
additional benefits, or co- benefits, resulting from the implementation of each policy. (Refer to Chapter 5, Table 24 for
a policy summary and associated implementation details. 'be Appendix C for detailed methods and sources of
quantified policies.) The assessment recognizes the broad value of electricity efficiency for the community and the City
of Arcadia Not only will electricity efficiency actions reduce utility bills, but they also provide an opportunity to improve
the quality of homes and businesses, increase property values, improve the indoor comfort of buildings, and reduce
ongoing maintenance costs. Actions in City government facilities also fulfill the City's requirements for participation in
the ELP model, helping to qualify the City for additional financial incentives from Southern California Edison (SCE).
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Bectricity efficiency results from a change in operation, activity, or efficiency. In general, there are three primary
methods for reducing electricity- related GHG emissions: (1) conservation, (2) greater efficiency, and (3) change in
energy source.
Each policy in this chapter presents the following information:
• GHG reduction estimates, presented in ranges, for the year 2020.
• Kilowatt -hours (kWh) reduction estimates, presented in ranges, for the year 2020.
• Co- benefits that will likely occur through the implementation of each policy or action.
The baseline GHG inventory and forecast serve as the foundation for quantifying the City's policies. Activity data from
the inventory, kWh of electricity, is combined with the performance targets and indicators identified in this EAP to
calculate the range of potential reduction benefit for each policy. This approach ensures that the City's electricity
reductions are tied to the baseline and anticipated trends that will occur in Arcadia Details on the assumptions,
methods, and citations used in the electricity reduction quantifications can be found in Appendix C.
The following goals, policies, and actions are recommended to help reduce electricity use within the community.
POLICY M: INCREASE ENERGY CONSERVATION IN RESIDENTIAL
STRUCTURES.
Actions:
Reduce energy use in new residential buildings by establishing
local green building standards that reduce energy use by 20%
below baseline levels. (Arcadia General Ran: Fblicy R&5.4 & 5.12)
• Host energy efficiency and renewable energy financing workshops
to promote:
— Energy conservation practices.
— The use of energy conservation features in use and design of
residential buildings. (Arcadia General Ran: Flo licy R &1.7)
• Encourage property owners to install smart meters or participate in other energy- monitoring programs that
inform energy use decisions and reduce peak energy demand.
POLICY 1.2: REDUCE ENERGY USE THROUGH UPGRADES TO
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES AND EQUIPMENT.
Actions:
• Promote existing and new energy efficiency rebate offerings for
appliances, heating, and ventilation equipment, and lighting
fixtures.
• Promote the use of smart- grid - integrated appliances.
• Sjpport appliance trade -in programs (e.g., Energy Star) to replace
inefficient appliances.
POLICY 1.3: SUPPORT RESIDENTIAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS THROUGH ENERGY AUDITS
AND RETROFIT PROGRAMS.
.s
• Provide a website and/or materials at City facilities and events to
promote energy efficiency improvements in partnership with local
and regional programs.
• Sha'e results of locally representative building energy efficiency
audits and retrofits on the City's website and through other
publications to show people the costs and benefits of energy
efficiency improvements.
• Promote residential homeowners' participation in the Energy
Upgrade California program to maximize education and access to
incentives to improve the energy efficiency of their homes.
• Encourage residential property owners to provide energy use
history, conduct an audit, or provide a Home Energy Rating S,istem
rating at the time of sale.
• Promote development of the local workforce by supporting
contractor training and certification for energy efficiency retrofits,
including Building Performance Institute training, or other electricity efficiency workforce development
programs.
• Pursue funding for a neighborhood residential retrofit pilot program, which would partially or fully fund
audits for representative house types to identify common electricity efficiency opportunities that can be
applied throughout the community, when funds become a/ailable.
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• Consider providing a residential energy efficiency checklist that identifies various retrofit programs and
activities and the typical payback period for each.
POLICY 1.4: IDENTIFY AND PROMOTE OPPORTUNITIES TO
IMPROVE THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF RENTER - OCCUPIED
HOUSING UNITS.
VAT06
• Encourage multi - family property owners to install separate electric
meters for each apartment.
• Encourage multi - family property owners to participate in the Los
Angeles County Rroperty Assessed Clean Energy financing
program to improve the energy efficiency of their properties.
• Sjpport development of a collaborative program for landlords and
tenants to facilitate the financing of energy efficiency retrofits to
renter - occupied housing units.
• Consider establishing a low- income retrofit program to facilitate exterior energy efficiency improvements to
income - qualified households, when funds become available.
POLICY 2.1: IDENTIFY AND PROMOTE OPPORTUNITIES TO CONSERVE ADDITIONAL ENERGY
RESOURCES IN THE NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDING SECTOR.
Actions:
• Rromote the installation of heat recovery and low- emitting co-
generation facilities, where feasible, in new industrial and large
commercial developments. (Arcadia General Ran: Fblicy R &5.7)
• Investigate providing incentives for Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design- certified or equivalent for new and/or
retrofitted private commercial and industrial buildings.
• Fortner with the Arcadia Chamber of Commerce to highlight
available conservation actions and energy efficiency programs to
business and property owners.
• Fortner with the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation
Authority (Metro) to have building infrastructure along the new
Gold Line with energy - efficient and renewable energy features, such w "building- integrated" solar for bus
shelters.
• Encourage building and facility managers to participate in energy- monitoring programs that inform energy
use decisions and reduce peak energy demand such as Southern California Edison's Demand Response
Rogram.
• Sure information on energy conservation actions that can be implemented at local businesses through the
City's website, the Chamber of Commerce, and other materials and events.
POLICY 2.2: FACILITATE RETROFITS AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY
IMPROVEMENTS TO EXISTING NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS.
Actions:
• Work with Los Angeles County, local, and regional public or
private entities to create a revolving loan fund to support
nonresidential retrofits that are not covered by utility rebates or
other existing incentives.
• Encourage education and outreach to commercial property
owners on the benefits of complying with state requirements on
energy disdosure at the time of sale or lease of nonresidential
property (Assembly Bill 1103).
POLICY 2.3: COORDINATE WITH HIGH ENERGY USERS TO MAXIMIZE EFFICIENCY IN NONRESIDENTIAL
FACILITIES.
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• When appropriate, create a prioritized list of energy - intense
industries to target for additional education and/or financial
support for energy efficiency retrofits and renewable energy
projects.
• Identify and prioritize properties that have the potential to
support alternative fuels (e.g., the Westfield Santa Anita mall and
the Santa Anita Park racetrack) to target for renewable energy
projects.
• Meet with energy program managers of large industrial,
commercial, medical, and large multi - family or group residential
facilities to share information and identify opportunities for local
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collaboration and partnership to increase energy efficiency and alternative energy sources.
Encourage businesses and facilities larger than 25,000 square feet to participate in S)uthern California
Edison's Retrocommissioning Program to identify cost- effective ways to optimize building performance.
POLICY 3.1: THE CITY WILL WORK WITH PROJECT APPLICANTS TO
INCORPORATE INNOVATIVE BUILDING, SITE DESIGN, AND
ORIENTATION TECHNIQUES WHICH MINIMIZE ENERGY USE.
Actions:
• Collaborate with local green building organizations to provide
training and workshops.
• Promote the use of energy conservation features in the design of
residential development to conserve natural resources and lower
energy costs. (Arcadia General Ran: Policy H -3.4)
• SApport the use of innovative and alternative building materials
and designs that improve building energy efficiency.
• Encourage project applicants to participate in 9cuthern California Edison's Savings by Design program.
• Develop an offset or mitigation fee program to allow projects with significant energy impacts to provide fees
that fund energy efficiency and renewable energy projects within the community consistent with the General
R an.
• SApport programs that provide contractor and architect training on green building and energy efficiency
design and construction practices to demonstrate compliance with the City's Sustainable Development
Practices.
POLICY 3.2: REGULARLY UPDATE THE CITY'S SUSTAINABILITI
POLICIES TO INTEGRATE NEW OR REVISED ENERGY EFFICIENT
STANDARDS.
.s
Remove barriers to use of individual dean energy systems tt
consistent with the City's aesthetic and design objectives. (A
General Ran: Policy R &5.2)
• Continue to implement policies and actions from Arcadian's General Ran Resource SAstainability Bement.
• Investigate the options for adopting local green building standards that address energy use. (Arcadia General
Ran: Policy R&5.4)
POLICY 3.3: ENCOURAGE THE USE OF ENERGY- EFFICIENT
APPLIANCES AND EQUIPMENT IN NEW BUILDINGS.
Actions:
• Encourage all new development to install energy - efficient
appliances consistent with the City's Sustainable Development
Practices.
• Promote existing energy efficiency rebate offerings for appliances,
heating and ventilation equipment, and lighting fixtures.
• Promote the use of smart- grid - integrated appliances in new
development.
POLICY 4.1: IDENTIFY FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES AND FINANCING
PROGRAMS TO SUPPORT COMMUNITY ENERGY EFFICIENCY
UPGRADES AND RETROFITS.
Actions:
• Work with the San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments and
other cities to pursue regional funding for residential audits and/or
retrofits.
• Partner with local community banks and/or credit unions to
support low- interest energy efficiency financing programs for
energy efficiency retrofits.
• Identify incentives or rebates for projects that voluntarily exceed
the applicable minimum energy efficiency requirements of the
City's Sustainable Development Practices.
• Promote the application of active solar energy systems in residential development by facilitating, where
possible, the efforts of federal and state entities in the allocation of cost incentive programs. (Arcadia
General Ran: Policy R &5.13)
• Pursue grants or other financial sources to support residential energy efficiency retrofits.
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Encourage nonresidential and multi- family property owners to participate in the Los Angeles County
Roperty Assessed Clem Energy financing prop am to improve the energy efficiency of their facilities.
POLICY 4.2: PROVIDE EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES AND
RECOGNIZE BEST PRACTICES TO SUPPORT ENERGY - EFFICIENT
BEHAVIORS AND PRACTICES.
Actions:
• Create and host an annual energy conservation competition for
residents and businesses.
• Work with schools, Southern California Edison, and other
partners to provide energy efficiency education to elementary and
high school students, and promote hands -on energy efficiency
learning projects.
• Romote development of the local workforce by supporting contractor training and certification for energy
efficiency projects.
• Romote taking the Energy Star Redge to households and business owners.
• Create a g een business/household advards prop am to recognize and advard prizes to homeowners and
businesses that have achieved energy efficiency improvements as models for the community.
POLICY 5.1: INCREASE THE SHADING AND COOLING CAPACITY OF THE COMMUNITY'S URBAN FOREST
THROUGH ADDITIONAL TREE PLANTING, PRESERVATION OF EXISTING TREES, AND PROPER
MAINTENANCE.
Actions:
• Host events, workshops, or community "work days" to complete
voluntary, low -cost actions that facilitate urban cooling such as
tree plantings or the installation of shade structures.
• Require new projects to install, maintain, and replace trees on
streets, parkways, and parks in compliance with the City's
Municipal Code.
• Work with project applicants to increase tree planting and design
landscaping to shade building exteriors from the summer sun.
• Continue Arcadiafs 18 -year status as a Tree City, USA.
POLICY 5.2: MAXIMIZE THE USE OF COOL ROOFS AND SURFACES
TO REDUCE BUILDING ENERGY USE.
Actions:
• Promote cost- effective opportunities for residents and business
owners to install cool roofs, light - colored paved surfaces, and
permeable pavement.
•R � � �R � a
POLICY 6.1: ENCOURAGE VOLUNTARY WATER CONSERVATION AND EFFICIENT USE BEHAVIORS IN
THE COMMUNITY.
Actions:
• Participate in ongoing regional efforts to promote water
conservation.
• Become an Environmental Protection Agency Water Sense Partner
and provide water conservation resources to the community.
• Update the City's water conservation programs (e.g., plumbing
retrofit and public information programs) to reduce water
consumption. (Arcadia General Ran: Policy R &4.5)
• Work with project applicants to identify water conservation
opportunities in new or retrofitted buildings.
• Partner with Arcadia Unified School District to provide a water
conservation program for K -12 schools.
• Consider partnering with Los Angeles County to create a citywide
recycled water system to irrigate the Santa Anita golf course, L.A.
County Park, and the Arboretum with reclaimed water.
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POLICY 6.2: PROMOTE WATER - EFFICIENT LANDSCAPING
PRACTICES.
Actions:
• Romote water - efficient landscaping and the use of irrigation
controls.
• Rovide educational information and install demonstration projects
to promote water conservation landscape practices.
• Encourage installation and use of graywater and rainwater
harvesting systems to reduce outdoor potable water use.
POLICY 6.3: CONTINUE TO FACILITATE THE INSTALLATION AND
USE OF WATER- CONSERVING APPLIANCES.
Actions:
• Consider providing incentives to homes and businesses that install
water - conserving appliances.
• Require plumbing retrofit improvements of older buildings with
water - efficient plumbing when the unit is sold. (Arcadia General
Ran: Policy R &4.14)
• Coordinate with local business and neighboring cities to arrange
for bulk - purchase of water - conserving appliances at lower rates
than a/ailable at the individual level.
POLICY 6.4: MAXIMIZE THE EFFICIENT USE OF WATER RESOURCES THROUGH EFFICIENT BUILDING
AND LANDSCAPING PRACTICES IN NEW DEVELOPMENT.
Actions:
Require new development to comply with applicable water
conservation measures of the City's Sustainable Practices and the
California Green Building Code requirements for water
conservation.
Identify opportunities to integrate the public education efforts
related to water efficiency into new development or renovation
projects.
• Revise the City's administrative practices as necessary to comply
with state building codes and regulations regarding water efficiency
and conservation.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROJECTS
A key objective of this EAP is to identify prioritized, actionable, turnkey strategies and projects. The EAP also identifies
future opportunities for municipal energy efficiency projects. In order to evaluate potential energy efficiency projects the
City conducted audits at several key facilities, reviewed audit results and opportunities at other facilities, and identified
near -term projects to be implemented. The City has identified additional policies and programs to be implemented in
the next eight years to achieve Gold Level status in SCE's ELP program by achieving a 20% reduction in electricity use
below ELP 2004 baseline year electricity levels at City facilities. Completed energy efficiency projects (Table 22) in City
Hall and the library contribute annual reductions of 17,010 kWh and 15 kWh, respectively. These projects represent
approximately 2% of the reductions needed by the City to achieve the ELP's Gold Level.
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Table 22: Arcadia's Energy Efficiency Projects Completed Since 2008
Police Lighting upgr ades 86,284 $13,550 December 2009
Department
Library
Chiller upgrade, lighting upgrade
64,522
10,130
December 2009
Library Basement
Lighting upgr ade
6,930
1,090
December 2009
PC Network
Software improvements
60,085
$9,430
$44,813 August 2011
Near -Term Projects
In addition to the projects already completed, the City has committed to prioritizing the implementation of new projects
identified in Table 23. These are considered priority projects because the monetary savings from increased energy
efficiency are expected to offset the cost of these projects within five years (payback period) and will result in
reductions in both electricity use and GHG emissions that will help the City advance toward ELPtargets and long -term
energy efficiency objectives. The City will also conserve electricity and water, while setting an example for the
community, by installing low- water -use landscaping at City Hail and in the City Council Chambers in 2013.
i
Table 23: Arcadia's Energy Efficiency Projects in Progress
City Hall Energy Management Sjstem, 115,000 $18,055 $26,000 April 2013
HVAC and lighting upgrade
Water supply Replace motors and water pumps 1,820 Unknown Unknown TBD
system with more efficient motors
Traffic signals and Retrofit old lampswith high -
outdoor lights efficiency lamps and ballast in all Unknown Unknown Unknown TBD
city facilities and parking lots
Series 6 lighting Retrofit outdated street lighting Unknown Unknown Unknown TBD
upgrade systems
POLICY 7.1: USE CITY FACILITIES AS A MODEL FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY BY INCORPORATING STATE -
OF- THE -ART ENERGY FEATURES INTO THE NEW PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND SIGNIFICANT REMODELING
OF EXISTING BUILDINGS.
Actions:
• RAblidze reductions in the amount of energy consumed by City operations. (Arcadia General Ran: Fblicy
R &5.6)
• Act as a model for the design and operation of civic buildings to be Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design L ®- certified or similar building standards. (Arcadia General Ran: Fblicy R &5.16)
POLICY 7.2: CONTINUE TO MONITOR ENERGY USE AND IDENTIFY OPPORTUNITIES TO REDUCE
ENERGY USE AT CITY FACILITIES.
Actions:
• Conduct periodic audits of City facilities to ensure peak energy performance and identify new technologies
or appliances to be installed as they become cost- effective.
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• Participate in the San Gabriel Valley Council of Government's utility manager program, the Enterprise
Energy Management Information S,tstem, to regularly track energy use and identify cost- saving opportunities
through sub - metering and energy management.
POLICY 7.3: INSTALL ENERGY - EFFICIENT APPLIANCES AND EQUIPMENT TO REDUCE CITY ENERGY
USE.
Actions:
Install motion sensors in municipal facilities to eliminate lighting - related energy use when spaces are
unoccupied.
• Implement an energy - effici ent procurement policy to ensure that the purchase of energy - effici ent equipment
is purchased when energy cost savings will provide a positive return on investment.
POLICY 7.4: WORK WITH THE SAN GABRIEL VALLEY COUNCIL OF GOVERNMENTS TO TRACK ENERGY
USE AT CITY FACILITIES, IDENTIFY OPPORTUNITIES FOR EFFICIENCIES AND COST SAVINGS, AND
IMPLEMENT ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROJECTS.
VAT06
• Continue to support City staff participation in regional planning efforts and trainings related to energy
efficiency.
• Encourage creation of a regional (or local) energy manager position to coordinate efficiency efforts and help
departments implement energy - reduction activities.
The City of Arcadia will track, monitor, and update the EAR As the City reports on progress in implementing the EAR
staff will evaluate the effectiveness of each policy to ensure that the anticipated electricity and GHG reductions are
occurring In the event that GHG reductions do not occur as expected, the City will be able to modify and add further
policies to the EAPto ensure the City meets its reduction target.
POLICY 8.1: SUPPORT ACHIEVEMENT OF THE REDUCTION TARGET THROUGH MONITORING AND
REPORTING.
Actions:
• Facilitate implementation of policies and actions related to municipal operations.
• Repare an annual progress report for review and consideration by the City Council.
• Identify key staff responsible for annual reporting and monitoring.
POLICY 8.2: REVIEW AND UPDATE THE CITY'S GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY, ENERGY PROFILE, AND
ENERGY ACTION PLAN.
Actions:
• Conduct an annual review of electricity usage and associated GHG emissions.
• Re- inventory community -wide and municipal GHG emissions every three to five years.
• Update the Ran to incorporate new technology, programs, and policies as available to achieve electricity
efficiency as feasi ble.
• Consider updating and amending the Ran, as necessary, should the City find that policies and actions are not
meeting the intended electricity reductions.
• When City resources are available, integrate the EAP into a comprehensive climate action plan or GHG
reduction plan to incorporate GHG and energy /fuel reduction targets to address energy supply, natural gas
demand, transportation, waste, wastewater, and other sectors as applicable.
POLICY 8.3: CONTINUE TO DEVELOP COLLABORATIVE PARTNERSHIPS THAT SUPPORT
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ENERGY ACTION PLAN.
VAT06
• Continue collaboration with the BGVCOG and participation as an active member of the 9GVEWP and the
Energy, Environment, and N atural Resources Committee.
• Participate in other 9GVCOG- sponsored programs, projects, aid events to help meet the goals described in
this EAR
POLICY 8.4: SUPPORT REGIONAL FUNDING EFFORTS TO IMPLEMENT THE ENERGY ACTION PLAN.
Actions:
• Work with the BGVCOG to identify regional funding sources to support policies in this EAR
• Ensure implementation through the inclusion of policies and actions in department budgets, the capital
improvement program, and other plans as appropriate.
• Pursue local, regional, state, and federal grants as appropriate to support implementation.
The EAP creates a policy framework meant to aid in the implementation of the General Ran, particularly policies
identified in the Resource %stainability Bement of the General Ran. This policy framework and menu of actions will
reduce energy use over the next several years. The EAP is designed to afford the City Council the greatest degree of
possible latitude while still accomplishing City objectives. This latitude is necessary to allow for future integration of new
technologies, state regulations, and regional programs that have not yet been developed. Because there is flexibility in
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implementing reduction measures, monitoring is a critical component of EAP implementation to ensure that City
objectives are met.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY SUMMARY
This EAP identifies a dear path for the City to achieve the community -wide electricity reduction targets of 5% below
2008 residential electricity levels and 10% below 2008 nonresidential levels. The City has also reduced municipal energy
use through upgrades to facilities and has a goal of achieving SCE's ELP Ratinum Level status for energy efficiency by
reducing electricity use in City facilities by 884,000 kWh or 5% In addition, even on the conservative end, the City will
be able to dose 11% of the gap between the City's adjusted business -as -usual forecast and the AB 32 State -
recommended target for all GHGs, which is equal to 15 %below baseline emissions by 2020. If the City were to take the
most aggressive implementation scenario, it may be possible to dose the gap by 38% In total, state programs and
policies in this EAP will reduce GHG emissions between 68,800 and 85,440 MTCO2e. Figures 22 and 23 illustrate the
kWh and GHG reductions achieved by goal for 2020.
Figure 22: Estimated 2020 Savings by Goal (kWh)
Existing Residential 3,229,800
14,580,450
Existing Nonresidential 18,452,640
75,789,980
All New Development 128,110
275,030
Planning Framework 0
0
Urban -Shading and Cool Surfaces
250,230
2,010,950
Water Conservation , 1,385,620
1- 2,528,690
0 20,000,000 40,000,000 60,000,000 80,000,000
2020 Low 2020 High
Figure 23: Estimated 2020 Savings by Goal (MTCOZe)
Existing Residential
Exist ing Nonresidential
All New Development
Planning Framework
Urban -Shading and Cool airfaces
Water Conservation
0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000
2020 Low 2020 High
di
;+I a rr
The Energy Action Ran (EAP) implementation will occur as City resources become available to execute strategies and
report on the progress of implementation. This Ran identifies the responsible department for each policy and offers
time frames and plan -level cost estimates for implementing each strategy. City staff should monitor the progress on
implementing the EAP on an annual basis and report to the City Council on the EAP progress each year.
The City of Arcadia will work with the San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments (SGVCOG), the San Gabriel Valley
Energy Wise Partnership (SGVEWP), and other partners as appropriate, such as Los Angeles County, the Los Angeles
Regional Collaborative, and the Southern California Regional Energy Alliance, to identify effective procedures to track
the status of energy efficiency projects without increasing the level of effort from existing City staff. A designated City
staff lead will monitor Ran implementation, and will support ongoing regional collaboration. The City staff lead will
participate in the identification of regional resources available to support and streamline the implementation process.
All program activity managers will be required to submit regular project updates to the City's designated EAP
implementation coordinator and /or energy manager, including written reports of activities and project outcomes. The
energy manager will track both short - and long -term progress toward EAP targets.
The SGVCOG is currently developing a regionally uniform method to collect, track, and report on EAP metrics and
project outcomes. The City will work with the S;VCOG and the energy manager to benefit from these regional tools
and standardize reporting processes.
City finance staff will maintain records of all project costs, funds, and expenditures. City staff will work closely with the
energy manager to submit necessary reports to all funding agencies, including required financial reports and
documentation of project outcomes. City staff or a third -party inspector will be responsible for all pre - and post -
inspections of new or retrofitted work to confirm that the projects are installed, operational, and consistent with
project objectives. The energy manager will be responsible for tracking all related project files and providing appropriate
information to the SGVCOG and the SGVEWP
Crucial to the implementation of this Ran will be the City of Arcadids implementation program. The implementation
program identifies the anticipated electricity savings, GHG reduction, agency, or department responsible for
implementation, starting timefrane, and co- benefits.
MONITORING AND REPORTING TEMPLATE
To determine whether the City of Arcadia is on track to meet the adopted target, it is important that the City monitor
implementation progress on a regular basis and identify whether the policies as implemented are achieving their
intended reductions or if additional policies will need to be implemented to meet the target.
The implementation metrics identified in this EAP have been calculated using an Excel -based workbook. This workbook
calculates energy savings, GHG reductions, and financial costs and savings based on the key metrics identified in the Ran.
These performance metrics include information such as the average energy reduction per household, the number of
trees planted, or the square feet of facilities retrofitted.
To support City staffs reporting efforts on the progress of EAP implementation, the workbook includes a reporting
template and space for staff to enter the actual performance of each policy based on the key metrics identified. Once
the information is entered for each year, updated energy savings, GHG reduction, and monetary costs or savings
incorporated into the report template can easily be exported and used to present EAP progress to City advisory bodies,
assist in annual fiscal budget planning, and highlight City and community success in reducing energy use through City
newsletters and online media
ENTERPRISE ENERGY MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
The SGVCOG is collaborating with the City of Arcadia and Los Angeles County to implement the Enterprise Energy
Management Information S,tstem (EBVIIS) utility manager to track municipal energy usage, enabling participating San
Gabriel Valley municipalities to access facility energy consumption, archive billing data, and report and analyze energy
consumption data via the Internet. The EEMISproject was developed in 2000 and has been adapted to assist cities in the
SGVCOG with monitoring, forecasting, and budgeting for energy use at City facilities.
EEMISindudes the following components and features:
• Web -based application using browser -based technology.
• Collects data from all connected facilities and stores data in a standard format.
• Generates usage and demand profiles for the purpose of energy procurement and efficiency project
identification.
• Rovides utility bill data for the different department subtenants within a building based on prevailing rates
or customized for modified rate schedule.
• Utilizes energy cost analysis and notifications based on user - defined parameters to control costs by gaining
experience from similar usage facilities (based on area of facility, number of occupants, size of equipment,
season, historical usage over user - defined periods, etc.).
The information in this implementation program provides an overall, planning -level framework for achieving the
reductions in this Ran. Table 24 presents indicators for the implementation of each policy. These indicators represent
the level of participation and energy reductions that would achieve the average range of the high and low electricity
reductions in this Ran. Reductions for supportive policies are shown as "Supportive." Appendix C supplements the
approach to quantification with electricity metrics that show the total number of participating households, nonresidential
square footage, and energy reductions required per participant necessary to achieve each policy's average reduction
potential. Appendix C also reports the analytical process for identifying appropriate reductions and co- benefits.
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One component to the successful implementation of the City's EAP will be the sharing of resources through continued
communication and collaboration with other cities in the region. Continued collaboration will foster a more supportive
environment to share best practices, and potentially coordinate future requests for funding and/or implementation.
Efforts to implement programs and policies on a regional scale will provide consistency in the energy efficiency market
and leverage economies of scale. The City will continue to participate in 9GVC0G discussions and events related to
energy efficiency, such as the Energy Wise Partnership, the Energy, Environment, and Natural Resources Committee,
and other 9GVCOG- sponsored events, to help meet the goals described in this EAP.
Adjusted Business -as -Usual (ABA U) Forecast
An emissions forecast that accounts for actions and legislation implemented by the Mate of California to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions statewide that will also have a measurable beneficial impact for local jurisdictions' emissions.
Assembly Bill 32 (AB 32), California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006
Establishes a comprehensive program of regulatory and market mechanisms to achieve real, quantifiable, cost- effective
reductions of greenhouse gases (GHG) for the state of California Makes the California Air Resources Board (CARB)
responsible for monitoring and reducing statewide GHG emissions, with a target to reduce emissions to 1990 levels by
2020.
Baseline Inventory
The base year for went of energy trends against which future progress can be measured for a single calendar year
(2005 - 2008), consistent with legislative guidance and the Assembly Bill 32 S)oping Ran.
Best Practice
Coordinated technologies, systems, and design approaches, which (through research and experience) demonstrate the
ability to consistently achieve above standard results while avoiding negative environmental impacts. Best practices
change over time as improved components, technologies, systems, and design approaches become available.
Source: California Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Ran
Buildout; Build -out
Development of land to its full potential or theoretical capacity as permitted under current or proposed planning or
zoning designations.
Business as Usual (BAU)
A scenario that assumes that no specific actions will be taken to reduce emissions and growth coming from the
expansion of activity and services within the city. All forecasts are based on this scenario.
California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA)
An Association of Air Pollution Control Officers representing the 35 local air quality agencies throughout California
California Air Resources Board (CARB)
A part of the California Environmental Protection Agency that reports directly to the Governor's Office in the Executive
Branch of California Mate Government. CARB's mission is to promote and protect public health, welfare, and ecological
resources through the effective and efficient reduction of air pollutants while recognizing and considering the effects on
the economy of the state.
Source: California Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Ran
California Building Code (Title 24, Part 6)
California Code of Regulations, Title 24, also known w the California Building Standards Code (composed of 12 parts).
Title 24, Part 6 sets forth California's energy efficiency standards for residential and nonresidential buildings and was
established in 1978 in response to a legislative mandate to reduce California's energy consumption. The standards are
updated periodically to allow consideration and possible incorporation of new energy efficiency technologies and
methods.
Source: Southern California Edison
California Environmental Quality Act
A state Iadv requiring state and local agencies to regulate activities with consideration for environmental protection. If a
proposed activity has the potential for a significant adverse environmental impact, an environmental impact report (BR)
must be prepared and certified as to its adequacy before action can be taken on the proposed project. General plans
require the preparation of a program BR
California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006
See Assembly Bill 32.
California Green Building Code (CALGreen, Title 24, Part 11)
Refers to CALGreen component of the California Building Code. See California Building Code.
California Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Plan (CEESP)
A plan adopted by the California RAblic Utilities Commission in 2008 that presents a single roadmap to achieve
maximum energy savings across all major groups and sectors in California This comprehensive plan for 2009 to 2020 is
the state's first integrated framework of goals and strategies for saving energy, covering government, utility, and private
sector actions, and holds energy efficiency to its role as the highest priority resource in meeting California's energy
needs.
California Solar Initiative (CSI)
Allows the California RAblic Utilities Commission to provide incentives to install solar technology on existing residential,
commercial, nonprofit, and governmental buildings if they are customers of the state's investor -owned utilities: Pacific
Gas & Bectric, San Diego Gas & Bectric, or Southern California Edison.
Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (COze)
A metric measure used to compare the emissions from various greenhouse gases based upon their global warming
potential (GW P). The carbon dioxide equivalent for a gas is derived by multiplying the tons of the gas by the associated
GW P For example, the GW P for methane is 21. This means that emissions of one million metric tons of methane are
equivalent to emissions of 21 million MTCOze.
,. i
Clean Car Fuel Standard (AB 1493 — Pavley)
9gned into ladv in 2002 and commonly referred to as Pavley standards. Requires carmakers to reduce GHG emissions
from new passenger cars and light trucks beginning in 2011. CARB anticipates that the Pavley standards will reduce
GHG emissions from new California passenger vehicles by about 22% in 2012 and about 30% in 2016, all while
improving fuel efficiency and reducing motorists' costs.
Climate Change (global climate change)
The term "climate change" is sometimes used to refer to all forms of climatic inconsistency, but because the earth's
climate is never static, the term is more properly used to imply a significant change from one climatic condition to
another. In some cases, climate change has been used synonymously with the term "global warming "; scientists,
however, tend to use the term in the wider sense to also include natural changes in climate.
Community -wide Greenhouse Gas Inventory
Looks at greenhouse gas emissions caused by all activities within a city's geographic boundary. Typical sectors include
residential, commercial, and industrial energy use, transportation, off -road equipment, waste generation, and energy
associated with water delivery and treatment.
Demand Response
Mechanism for managing end -user electricity consumption in response to energy supply conditions. A demand
responsive system is one that can be controlled (either directly or remotely) to reduce electricity consumption during
times of increased energy demand and/or constrained energy availability.
Source: California Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Ran
Direct Access Electricity
An optional choice wherein customers can select to purchase electricity and other services from an electric service
provider (E9'), instead of from Southern California Edison. An E9' is an entity that contracts directly with its customers
to provide electric service, and is responsible for arranging an adequate supply of electricity. ESP5 are required to meet
certain requirements with the California Public Utilities Commission in addition to meeting financial and technical
requirements with Southern California Edison.
Electricity Sectors
The EAP g oups electricity use into four key topics, based on the type of activity that consumes electricity and causes
GHG emissions. The electricity sectors consist of existing residential, existing nonresidential, new development
(residential and nonresidential), and City government operations.
Emissions Forecast
Baseline emissions are forecast to future years based on projected increases in population, jobs, households, and other
local trends. Forecasts will show two scenarios: (1) outcomes if no behavioral or regulatory changes are made (a
business- as&usual scenario), and (2) outcomes to account for reduction efforts mandated by the state of California, such
as new vehicle standards and fuel standards.
Emissions Standard
The maximum amount of pollutant legally permitted to be discharged from a single source, either mobile or stationary.
Energy Committee
An advisory committee whose members would be appointed by the City Council and composed of local residents with
expertise in sustainability- related fields. The committee would be responsible for providing input to the City Council
regarding policies and opportunities for energy programs, in addition to helping coordinate with responsible
departments and managers for action implementation.
Energy Conservation
Methods of reducing energy waste, such as turning off lights or heating when not needed.
Energy Efficiency
Doing the same or more work with less energy, such as replacing incandescent light bulbs with compact fluorescent light
bulbs, using appliances that use less electricity to run than older models, or utilizing a vehicle that can travel farther using
the same amount of gasoline.
Energy Leader Partnership Model
SCE has developed the Energy Leader Partnership (ELP) model to provide support to local governments in identifying
and implementing opportunities to improve energy efficiency in municipal facilities and promoting community awareness
of demand side energy management opportunities. By participating in SCE's ELP, local governments are taking actions to
support the California Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Ran while saving energy and fiscal resources for their
community. In the San Gabriel Valley, the San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments (SGVCOG) is leading the
implementation of the ELP with SCE and 27 of the 31 member cities in the 9GVCOG. The ELP comprises four focus
areas. municipal retrofits, demand response, strategic plan support, and energy efficiency programs coordination. The
ELP program has four incentive tiers for participating cities: (1) Valued Partner, (2) 91ver, (3) Gold, and (4) Platinum.
Each city begins the program as a valued partner; to advance to the next incentive tier, each participating city must
achieve the pre - determined energy savings and requirements community -wide and for city facilities.
Energy Star
A joint program of the US Environmental Protection Agency and the US Department of Energy to provide consumers
with information and incentives to purchase the most energy - efficient products available.
Energy Upgrade California
Energy Upgrade California is a new statewide program that offers incentives to homeowners who complete select
energy - saving home improvements on a single- family residence. These incentive packages encourage customers to take a
4 ,. I
"whole house" approach by combining several related improvements at once to increase a home's overall energy
efficiency and achieve greater satings. By working with participating contractors, homeowners can choose from two
incentive options, the Basic Upgrade Package or the Advanced Upgrade Package, based on their improvement needs and
budget.
Source: Pacific Gas and Bectric Company
Enterprise Energy Management Information Systems
The San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments (93VCOG) has funded and created a program to set up a utility
manager computer program to track municipal usage and identify need for sub- metering to plan, budget, and manage
bills for each city facility. The SGVCOG is collaborating with the County of Los Angeles to implement the County's
Enterprise Energy Management Information S,Istem ( EEMIS) utility manager to track municipal energy usage, enabling
participating San Gabriel Valley municipalities to access facility energy consumption, archive billing datai, and report and
analyze energy consumption data via the Internet. The County's EEMIS project was developed in 2000 and has been
adapted to assist cities in the SGVCOG with monitoring, forecasting, and budgeting for energy use at city facilities.
Goal
The desired end state or expected outcome related to electricity reduction targets in the EAR Each goal corresponds
to one of the EAPs seven topic areas. existing residential buildings, existing nonresidential buildings, new development,
planning framework, urban cooling, water and electricity efficiency, and municipal operations.
Graywater (also recycled water, reclaimed water)
Treated or recycled wastewater of a quality suitable for non - potable uses such as landscape irrigation; not intended for
human consumption.
Green Building
Sustainable or "green" building is a holistic approach to design, construction, and demolition that minimizes the building's
impact on the environment, the occupants, and the community.
Greenhouse Gases (GHG)
Gases which cause heat to be trapped in the atmosphere, warming the earth. Greenhouse gases are necessary to keep
the earth warm, but increasing concentrations of these gases are implicated in global climate change. The majority of
greenhouse gases come from natural sources, although human activity is also a major contributor. The principal
greenhouse gases that enter the atmosphere because of human activities are:
Carbon Dioxide (CO2): Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless gas that occurs naturally in the earth's
atmosphere. Carbon dioxide also enters the atmosphere through the burning of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas,
and coal), solid waste, trees, and wood products, and as a result of other chemical reactions (e.g.,
manufacture of cement). Carbon dioxide is also removed from the atmosphere (or "sequestered ") when it
is absorbed by plants as part of the biological carbon cycle.
• Methane (CH4): Methane is emitted during the production and transport of coal, natural gas, and oil. Methane
emissions also result from livestock and other agricultural practices and by the decay of organic waste in
municipal solid waste landfills.
• Nitrous Oxide (NCO): Nitrous oxide is emitted during agricultural and industrial activities, as well as during
combustion of fossil fuels and solid waste.
Fluorinated Gases: H ydrofluorocar bons, perfl uorocar bons, and sulfur hexaluoride are synthetic, powerful
greenhouse gases that are emitted from a variety of industrial processes. Ruorinated gases are sometimes
used as substitutes for ozone - depleting substances (i.e., chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, and
halons). These gases are typically emitted in smaller quantities, but because they are potent greenhouse
gases, they are sometimes referred to as high global warming potential gases ( "high GWP gases ").
Greenhouse Gas Inventory
A greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory provides estimates of the amount of GHGs emitted to and removed from the
atmosphere by human activities. A city or county that conducts an inventory looks at both community emissions
sources as well as emissions from government operations. A base year is chosen and used to gather all data from that
year. Inventories include data collection from such things as vehicle miles traveled, energy usage from electricity and gas,
and waste. Inventories include estimates for carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexaFluoride,
hydrofluorocarbons, and perfluorocarbons, which are referred to as the six Kyoto gases.
Green Waste
Refers to lawn, garden, or park plant trimmings and materials and can be used in home composts or picked up curbside
by municipal waste haulers.
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC)
S,istems that help maintain good indoor air quality through adequate ventilation with filtration and provide thermal
comfort.
Implementation Action
An action, procedure, program, or strategy to achieve the electricity reductions of a policy. Action items may provide
interim steps or supporting strategies. Actions may also indicate the range of opportunities to increase the electricity
reduction potential of a policy.
Kilowatt -Hour (kWh)
A unit of energy equivalent to one kilowatt (kW) of energy used for an hour. For example, if an appliance requires a kW
of energy to function, leaving the appliance on for one hour would consume one kWh of energy.
Source: California Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Ran
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
A green building standard and set of rating systems established by the USGreen Building Council.
,. i
Methods
A consistent body of methods or procedures to approach a given task; in terms of a greenhouse gas emissions inventory
and forecast, refers to an internally consistent approach to quantify greenhouse gas emissions that supports the
principles of inventories identified in the Local Government Operations Protocol: relevance, completeness, consistency,
transparency, and accuracy.
Mixed Use
Properties on which various uses such as office, commercial, institutional, and residential are combined in a single
building or on a single site in an integrated development project with significant functional interrelationships and a
coherent physical design. A "single site" may include contiguous properties.
Municipal Operations Greenhouse Gas Inventory
Looks at greenhouse gas emissions caused by City operations. Typical sectors include energy associated with City
facilities, vehicle fleets, equipment, waste generation, employee commutes, and more.
Participating Municipality
Those jurisdictions or member cities that: (i) are located in Southern California Edison's (SCE) service territory; and (ii)
have been selected by SCE and Implementer to participate in the program as set forth in the Statement of Work.
Includes 27 participating cities (Alhambrak Arcadia, Baldwin Park, Bradbury, Claremont, Covinai, Diamond Bair, Duarte, B
Monte, Glendorak Irwindale, La Canada - Rintridge, La Puente, La Verne, Monroviak Montebello, Monterey Park, Pomonak
Rosemead, San Dimas, San Gabriel, San Marino, Serra Madre, South B Monte, South Pasadenak Temple City, and West
Covina).
Source: Southern California Edison
Performance Indicators
Specific, measurable, actionable, realistic and time - specific requirements that will directly and measurably contribute to
the City's Energy Action Ran goals.
Source: Southern California Edison
Personal EnergyAction Survey
As part of the regional partnership with the San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments, the City distributed the
Personal Energy Action Survey on energy efficiency at public events and through the City website. A blank version of the
survey is provided in Appendix A. Participation in the survey was voluntary. Survey results help to provide a useful
snapshot of energy- related opinion and behavior; however, the results should not be interpreted as statistically valid.
Policy
A statement that guides decision- making and indicates a commitment to achieve the specified outcomes of the goal.
Policies provide the foundation for quantification of electricity reduction potentials in the Energy Action Ran.
Project Steering Committee
Along with other San Gabriel Valley cities taking part in the regional Energy Action Ran (EAP) project, the City
participated in a R'oject Steering Committee (PSC) throughout EAP development. The purpose of the PSC is to confirm
a regional approach to EAP development, guide the project, and share best practices among jurisdictions. Starting in J.aly
2011, the PSC convened approximately once a month. During PSC meetings, representatives from San Gabriel Valley
Council of Governments staff and the technical consultant project team facilitated discussions and presentations to
review options to achieve electricity efficiency.
Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE)
A form of financing that creates municipal finance districts to provide loans to homeowners and businesses for energy -
efficient retrofits and renewable energy system installations. Loans are repaid through an annual surcharge on property
tax assessments. Governor Schwarzenegger signed the nation's first law allowing PACE financing in 2008.
Source: California Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Ran
Public Goods Charge
The funds which make up the Implementer Budget and which are collected from electric utility ratepayers pursuant to
Section 381 of the California Public Utilities Code for public purposes programs, including energy efficiency programs
approved by the RAblic Utilities Commission.
Source: Southern California Edison
Rebate
Monies offered by the state, utility, or local government to promote the installation of renewables and energy efficiency
projects.
Renewable Energy
Energy from sources that regenerate and are less damaging to the environment, such as solar, wind, biomass, and small -
scale hydroelectric power.
Renewables Portfolio Standard
Requires utility providers to increase the portion of energy that comes from renewable sources to 20% by 2010 and to
33% by 2020. Due to potential implementation issues, the adjusted business- as-usual forecast assumes that energy
providers will achieve a minimum 28% renewable portfolio by 2020.
San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments (SGVCOG)
A Joint Fbwers Authority representing 31 incorporated cities and unincorporated areas in the San Gabriel Valley. The
SGVCOG works with member agencies to collectively address transportation, housing, economic growth, and
environment issues that are most effectively addressed at a regional scale.
,. i
San Gabriel Valley Energy Wise Partnership (SGVEWP)
An alliance between the San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments and Southern California Edison to bring energy
savings to the San Gabriel Valley through innovative public education and energy efficiency projects. The program seeks
to reduce energy usage in the region by approximately 5 million kilowatt -hours by 2012.
Savings by Design (SBD)
California's nonresidential new construction energy efficiency program, administered statewide and funded by energy
utility customers through the Public Purpose Programs surcharge applied to gas and electric services. Projects
participating in MD receive services including design assistance, owners incentives, design team incentives, and energy
design resources. Services begin in the project design phase and continue through construction completion.
Source: Southern California Edison
Senate Bill 375
Requires the California Air Resources Board to develop regional greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets to be
achieved from the automobile and light truck sectors for 2020 and 2035. The regional targets adopted by the Southern
California Association of Governments are an 8% reduction in per capita transportation emissions by 2020 and a
conditional 13% reduction by 2035 which will be achieved through the development of a Sistainable Communities
Strategy as part of the 2012 Regional Transportation Ran update.
Sectors
Emissions are grouped by the type of activity that generated the emissions, such as transportation, residential energy
use, or commercial energy use.
Simple Payback Period
Amount of time required to recover an initial investment.
Source: California Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Ran
Southern California Edison (SCE)
An investor -owned utility that is the primary electricity provider to Southern California and the San Gabriel Valley.
Southern California Edison Energy Leader Partnership
A program run by Southern California Edison (SCE) that provides support to local governments and institutions to assist
them in achieving ajoint vision of sustainability. SCE works closely with partners to address key issues that are barriers
to achieving this vision and develop a long -term energy efficiency strategy. For local governments, SCE provides support
to identify and address energy efficiency opportunities in municipal facilities, take actions supporting the California Long
Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Ran, and increase community awareness and participation in demand side management
opportunities. A key goal in SCEs local government partnerships is helping cities and counties lead by example in
addressing energy efficiency first in their own municipal facilities.
Southern California Edison Incentive (financial incentive)
R'ovisions issued by Southern California Edison in order to promote the installation of energy efficiency and renewable
projects in the utility territory. There are a variety of types of incentives, including rebates, loans, and alternative rates.
The incentives are paid through the statewide RAblic Good Charge.
Southern California Regional Energy Consortium
Los Angeles County program that will bundle like projects for economies of scale after city energy efficiency projects
have been identified.
Standard Practice
As opposed to best practices, standard practices include techniques, policies, methods, procedures, technologies and
systems that are typically employed by practitioners and generally do not achieve optimal results (in terms of energy
efficiency, demand - responsiveness, high quality, environmental sustainability, smart -grid connectedness, and integration
with renewable energy generation sources).
Source: California Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Ran
Sustainability
Community use of natural resources in a way that does not jeopardize the ability of future generations to live and
prosper.
Sustainable Development
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their
own needs.
Source: fbpart of the World Cammission on Environment and D%dopment: Our Cammon Future, also known as the
Brundtland Commission or Brundtland Report
Title 24
'be California Building Code.
Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT)
A key measure of overall street and highway use. Reducing VMT is often a major objective in efforts to reduce vehicular
congestion and achieve regional air quality goals.
Water Conservation
Redudngwater use, such as turning off taps, shortening shower times, and cutting back on outdoor irrigation.
4 ,. I
Water Efficiency
Replacing older technologies and practices in order to accomplish the same results with less water; for example, by
replacing toilets with new low -water -using models and by installing "smart controllers" in irrigated areas.
Zero Net Energy
For buildings, use of no more energy over the course of a year than can be generated onsite through renewable
resources such as solar, wind, or geothermal power.
9curce: California Long Term Energy Efficiency arategic Ran
Burr Consulting. 2004. East San Gabriel Valley Draft Municipal Service Review. Burr Consulting.
htt p: / /www.lalafco.orgtMSiZ' /a209D I ° /SOU pdates/Et-G° /FOR nal ° / `2OMgR ° / `20_dean_ pdf.
2004. West San Gabriel Valley Draft Municipal Service Review.
http: / /www.burrconsultingcom/ upload/ LA°/ �OLAFCO/ WSG° / `2ODraft ° / `2OFnal ° /�OM,R ° /`2ONov°/ O3O ° / `20_dea
n_ pdf.
California Department of Fi nance. 2010. E-5 Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties and the State, 2001-
2010, with 2000 Benchmark. Sacramento.
California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery. 2011. Disposal Reporting (3jstem (DRS).
http://www.czirecyde.cagov/LGcentrai/Reports/DRS(default.aspx.
California Department of Water Resources. 2004. California's Groundwater Bulletin 118 - San Gabriel Valley
Groundwater Basin. http:// www .water.ca.gov /pubs/groundwater/ bulletin_ 118 /basindescriptions/4- 13.pdf.
California Energy Commission. 2006. Refining Estimates of Water - Related Energy Use in California PIER Final Project
Report. Prepared by Na/igant Consulting, Inc. CEC -500- 2006 -118.
2007. Impact Analysis: 2008 Update to the California Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and
Nonresidential Buildings.
2010. 2009 California Residential Appliance Saturation Study. Sacramento.
http: / /www. energy . cagov /2010publicztions/CEC- 200 - 2010- 004/CEC- 200 - 2010 - 004 -ESPD F.
California Energy Commission and California Public Utilities Commission. 2010. About the California Solar Initiative.
http://www.gosolarceiiforniaorgtebout/(;d.php.
2011. California Solar Initiative: California Solar Statistics - Geographical Statistics.
http:// www. californiesolarstatistics .ca.gov /reports/loca a stats/.
California Public Utilities Commission. 2008. California Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Ran. Sacramento.
http: / /www.cpuc.ca.gov /N R/ rdonlyres/D4321448- 208C- 48F9- 9F62 -1 BBB14A8D717 /0 /EEStratejcRan.pdf.
2009. 33% Renewable Portfolios Standard Implementation Analysis Report.
http: / /www.cpuc.ca. pv /N R/rdonlyres/1865C207- FEB5 -43CF 99EB-
A212B78467 F6/0/33 For cent RP9 m pl em ent at i o nAnal ysi sl nt er i m Report . pdf.
2011. California Renewables Portfolio Standard. Sacramento.
http: / /www.cpuc.ca. pv /RUC /energy /Renewables/index.htm.
California Water Service Company. 2011. California Water Service Company- 2010 Urban Water Management Ran -
East Los Angeles District. Accessed October 7, 2011. http:/ /www.calwater.com/your_district /uwmp /bk/2010
_U r ban_W ater_Management_Ran_(BK).pdf.
CARIB (California Air Resources Board). 2009. California's 1990 -2004 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory and 1990
Emissions Level, GHG Inventory Technical Support Document. Sacramento.
http://www.arb.cagov/cctinventory/doctmethods-vl/gh.q inventory_techniczi-support-document.pdf.
2010. California Waste -to- Energy Emissions Calculations. http:// arb. cagov/ cctcapandtrade/cepandtrade.htm.
2010. Local Government Operations Protocol, version 1.1. Sacramento.
htt p: / /www.ar b.cagov /cctpr of oco I s/l o cal gov /pubs/I go_pr of oco I_vl _1 _2010 - 05-03. pdf.
2010. Off -Road Emissions Inventory. Sacramento. http: / /www.arb.cagov /msei /offroad/offroad.htm.
2010. Pavley I and Low Carbon Fuel Standard Postprocessor Version 1.0.
http://www.arb.cagov/cctsb375/tools/postprocessor.htm.
2011. ARB Landfill Emissions Tool, version 1.3. http:// www. arb. cagov/ ccJprotocols/loczlgov /loczlgov.htm.
2011. Emissions Factor Software (EMFAC 2011). Sacramento.
http://www.arb.cagov/jpub/webapp/ /EMFAC201 l W ebApp /rategBlectionPage_1.jsp.
The Climate Registry. 2009. Utility Specific Electricity Emissions Factors.
http:// www. dimateregi stry .org'resources/docs/PUP Met rics - .Line- 2009.xls.
County of Los Angeles. 2012. Solid Waste Information Management Sljstem. http : / /dpw.lacounty.gov /epd/swims/.
Fehr & Peers. 2012. SCAG Travel Model Data for Duarte Memorandum. Riverside, CA.
2012. Adjustment Rocess for SCAG Model Data Related to Sbcio- Economic Data Memorandum. Riverside,
CA.
The Gas Company. 2012. City of Arcadia Municipal Account Data Los Angeles, CA: The Gas Company.
.2012. 2005 Natural Gas Usage Data Los Angeles, CA: The Gas Company.
Heaney, J P et al. Nature of Residential Water Use and Effectiveness of Conservation Rogams.
http://bcn.boulder.co.us/ba§n/locei/heaney.html.
Los Angeles County Sanitation District. n.d. Website — Wastewater Facilities.
http://www.lacsd.orgteboLA/wastewater—fadlities/default.asp.
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California 2007. Groundwater Assessment Study — Report Number 1308.
htt p: / /www. mwdh2o .com /mwdh2o /pagestyourwater /supply /groundwater /g,ves.ht ml .
2010. The Regional Urban Water Management Ran.
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SCAG (Southern California Association of Governments). 2008. Year 2003 Regional Travel Demand Model. Los
Angeles, CA.
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SCE (Southern California Edison). 2011. City of Arcadia Municipal Accounts— Year 2005.
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2012. Energy Efficiency Partnerships. Rosemead, CA. http://www.sce.com / business /energy- solutions/energy-
efficiency -part nershi ps.htm.
USCensus Bureau. 2012. American FactFnder, Arcadia Quick Facts. Washington, D.C.
2012. Longitudinal Employer - Household Dynamics. Washington, D.C. http: / /lehd.did.census.gov /led/.
US Department of Energy. 2009. P\/ Watts Calculator.
http: / /rredc.nrel.gov/ solar / calculators / PAM/ ATTS(versionl /US(CaliforniatLos Angeles.html.
4 ,. I
US Department of Housing and Urban Development. 2011. Mate of the Cities Data S,istems, Building Permits Database.
http://www.huduser.orgtportai/datasets/socds.html.
US Environmental Protection Agency. 2005. Emissions Facts: Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Typical Passenger
Vehicle. http:// www. epagov /otaq/dimete/42OfO5004.pdf.
The City of Arcadia is initiating an Energy Efficiency Climate Action Ran to achieve energy efficiency in the community.
This survey is important way to assist City staff and provide input into the project planning process. It should take about
5 minutes to fill out.
This project has been funded by Southern California Edison (SCE) as part of the California Long -Term Energy Efficiency
Strategic Ran to develop a Regional Framework and individual energy efficiency chapters of climate action plans (EECAP)
for cities in the San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments (SGVCOG). If you would like more information regarding
the project, please contact please contact Marisa Creter, at mcreter @sgvcogorg or (626) 457 -1800.
D em ographic Q uestions
1. Which of the following ranges includes your age?
❑ 24 or under
❑25 to 34
❑ 35 to 44
❑ 45 to 54
❑ 55 to 64
❑ 65 to 74
❑ 75 and above
2. Which of the following best describes you?
❑ Resident of Arcadia
❑ Business Owner in Arcadia
❑ Work in Arcadia
❑ A combination of A, B, or C
Other
3. If you do not reside in the City of Arcadia in what city do you reside?
4. Do you rent or own your home?
❑ Rent house
❑ Rent apartment
❑ Own
5. How many people live in your household (including yourself)?
❑1
❑2
❑3
❑ 4 or more
Energy Efficiency
6. What have you already done in your home or business to reduce energy use ?(Salect all that apply)
❑ Replaced older light bulbs with more energy efficient bulbs
❑ Replaced appliances with more energy efficient models
❑ Replaced or upgraded heating and cooling system
❑ Upgraded insulation
❑ Upgraded to more energy efficient windows
❑ Installed asolar hot water heater
❑ Installed solar or wind systems on my roof or property
❑ I have not done anything to my home or business to reduce energy use
❑ Other
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7. Which of the following would you be ready to do in the next year to reduce energy use in your home or
business?(SBlect all that apply)
❑ Replace older light bulbs with more energy efficient bulbs
❑ Replace appliances with more energy efficient models
❑ Replace or upgrade heating and cooling system
❑ Upgrade insulation
❑ Upgrade to more energy efficient windows
❑ Install asolair hot water heater
❑ Install solar or wind systems on my roof or property
Nothing
Other
8. Which of the following would you be ready to do in the next five (5) years to reduce energy use in your home
or budness?(SBIect all that apply)
❑ Replace older light bulbs with more energy efficient bulbs
❑ Replace appliances with more energy efficient models
❑ Upgrade insulation
❑ Install asolar hot water heater
❑ Install Photovoltaic Solar Panels on roof
❑ Nothing
Other
9. What would encourage you to install any of the technologies mentioned in the previous questions? (Select all
that apply)
❑ More information on the energy / financial swings
❑ Grants or incentive programs to offset costs
❑ Low - interest loans
❑ List of reliable contractors or installers
❑ Lower utility bills
❑ None of the above
Other
10. In general, which of the following strategies do you support to achieve energy efficiency.? (Select all that apply)
❑ Voluntary, incentive -based measures for individuals, businesses, and the City to achieve energy efficiency
(for example, rebates for Energy Star appliances or payment plans for solar panels).
❑ Mandatory requirements for individuals, businesses, and the City to achieve energy efficiency (for
example, mandatory requirements to retrofit your home before selling, or mandatory energy efficiency
building standards for new commercial development).
Other
For more information, please visit: www. eneravwise.orcVeneravDian
Thank you for your participation!
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Epecifically, the Inventory does the following
• Resents GHGs from community -wide and municipal activities in calendar year 2008.
• Forecasts how community -wide emissions will increase by 2020 and 2035 if no behavioral or regulatory
changes are made (known as a business- as&usual scenario).
• Adjusts the GHG forecasts to account for reduction efforts mandated by the state of California, such as new
energy efficiency and vehicle standards.
• Rovides City staff, decision - makers, and stakeholders with adequate information to direct development of
an EAPand to establish GHG emissions reduction and energy efficiency targets, if desired.
The Inventory identifies the major sources of GHGs caused by activities in Arcadia by employing best industry practices
consistent with the methodologies outlined in the Best Practices Memo and in the Regional Framework and those
recommended by the California Air Resources Board (CARB). The Inventory analyzes the following community and
municipal emissions sources:
COMMUNITY
• Energy — Bectricity and natural gas consumed by residents and businesses in the city in 2008.
• Direct Access Electricity — Bectricity purchased by commercial customers from utilities other than
5buthern California Edison (SCE).
• Street and Traffic Lighting — Bectricity used by street and traffic lights within the city but not owned by
the City of Arcadia
• O n -Road Transportation — Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) in, to, and from the city in 2008.
• W aste — Methane emissions from solid waste, also known as municipal solid waste, and green waste
(alternative daily cover, or ADC) sent to landfills and regional incinerators (also known as transformation
facilities) from the city in 2008.
• Landfills — Direct emissions from landfills in city limits, for the baseline year, are included in this analysis.
• W ater — The electricity used to pump, deliver, and treat water for consumption in city limits.
• Wastewater — Indirect emissions resulting from the energy required to collect and treat the wastewater
disposed of in the city in 2008; direct emissions result from any anaerobic decomposition of organic material
in the water treatment process.
• Off -Road Equipment — Emissions from construction as well as lawn and garden equipment /vehicles
operated within the city.
MUNICIPAL
• Buildings– Electricity and natural gas consumed by City buildings and facilities in 2008.
• Off -Road Equipment – Fuel used for construction projects, landscaping, or other off -road purposes in
2008.
• Fleet – Gasoline and diesel used by all City -owned vehicles.
• Lighting – Electricity, paid for by the City, used by street, traffic, and/or outdoor lighting within city limits.
• W ater – Electricity used by City -owned water and/or wastewater pumps.
• Em ployee Com m ute – Emissions from the vehicles City employees use to get to and from work.
• Government - Generated Solid W aste – Indirect emissions from the waste disposed of by employees
and operations of the City.
The following terms are used throughout the Inventory and are fundamental to understanding the contents of the
greenhouse gas inventory and forecast:
• Baseline year – Emissions are quantified for the baseline year of 2008, which is consistent with the baseline
year definition of AB 32, the California Global Warming S)Iutions Act. This baseline year allows the City to
track and observe the impact of its actions taken to date and better inform future GHG reduction
strategi es.
• Business -as -usual (BAU) –The scenario on which all forecasts are based. Assumes no specific actions are
taken to reduce emissions and growth comes from the expansion of activity and services within the city.
• Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) – Represents the three main GHGs— carbon dioxide (CO2),
methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N20) —in comparable terms, since all three gases trap heat in the
atmosphere differently. Greenhouse gases are reported in metric tons of COze (MTCOze).
• Sectors – Emissions are grouped by the type of activity that generated the emissions, such as on -road
transportation, residential energy use, or commercial energy use.
INVENTORY SUMMARY
The community of Arcadia emitted approximately 474,610 metric tons of COze (MTCOze) in the baseline year 2008. As
shown in Figure B -1 and Table B -1, the transportation sector was the largest contributor to emissions (54 %),
producing approximately 256,150 MTCOze in 2008. Emissions from residential buildings were the next largest
contributor, with the sector's 94,320 MTCO2e making up 20% of the total emissions. The commercial sector comprised
16% of the total emissions (78,080 MTCOze), and emissions from water pumping and solid waste each comprised 3% of
the total (13,810 MTCOze and 14,000 MTCOze, respectively). The remaining 5 %of emissions were made up from direct
access customers, street and traffic lighting, wastewater, and off -road sources such as construction equipment.
Combined, these remaining sectors contributed 18,250 MTCOze.
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Figure B -1: Comm unity -Wide GH G Emissions by Sector
Residential Energy
20%
Street &Traffics � ..
Lighting Direct Access Commercial/
1% Electricity Industrial Energy
2% 16%
Table B -1: Com m unity -W ide GH G Em issions by Sector
Residential Electricity
94,320
20%
Commercial /Industrial Energy
78,080
16%
Direct Access Electricity
8,320
2%
Street & Traffic Lighting
3,300
1 %
On -Road Transportation
256,150
54%
Waste
14,000
3%
Off -Road Equipment
2,700
<1%
Water
13,810
3%
Wastewater
3,650
1%
Landfill
280
<1%
Total*
474,610
100%
. Due to roundng the total may not equal the sum of component parts
DETAILED ANALYSIS BY SECTOR
Each sector in the community inventory consists of multiple subsectors that contribute to the total emissions. Table B-
2 summarizes activity data and GHG emissions for each community sector and subsector. This information shows the
individual impact of each activity included in summary Table B -1. For example, the residential energy category in Table
B -1 consists of emissions from residential electricity and residential natural gas as shown in Table B -2.
Table B -2: Detailed Activity Data and GHG Emissions
Residential Electricity
161,357,830
kWh
46,450
Residential Natural Gas
8,999,260
Therms
47,870
Commercial /Industrial Electricity
208,441,290
kWh
60,000
Commercial /Industrial Natural Gas
3,398,740
Therms
18,080
Direct Access Electricity
19,862,420
kWh
8,320
Street &Traffic Lighting
11,479,230
kWh
3,300
On -Road Transportation
488,582,200
VMT
256,150
Waste — Solid Waste
51,740
Tons of Waste
9,620
Waste — Green Waste
15,620
Tons of ADC
2,410
Waste — Transformed
6,480
Tons Transformed
1,970
Off -Road Equipment
19,470
Households
2,700
Water
47,968,100
kWh
13,810
Wastewater
12,670,500
kWh
3,650
Landfill
37,950
Tons of Waste in Place
280
Total*
474,610
* Due to rounding the total may not equal
the sum of component parts
IM,
INVENTORY SUMMARY
Operations and activities by the City of Arcadia in 2008 resulted in approximately 7,740 MTCO2e. Figure B -2 and
Table B -3 depict the contribution of each activity to the total GHG emissions. Bectriclty associated with water
pumping and treatment make up the majority of the City's emissions, with 10,296,620 kWh producing 2,960 MTCO2e.
Bectriclty and natural gas use in City -owned buildings make up 22% of total municipal emissions, which are followed
closely by the City's fleet, contributing 14 %. The remaining sectors — employee commute, lighting, and waste —make up
the last 25 %of total GHG emissions.
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Figure B -2: Municipal GH G Emissions by Sector
u
Fmnlnvcc commute
D
N /V Reet
14%
Waste
2%
i Idi ngs
22%
i Equipment
<1%
Table B -3: Municipal GH G Emissions by Sector
Buildings
1,680
22%
Off -Road Equipment
20
<1%
Fleet
1,110
14%
Lighting
660
9%
Water
2,960
38%
Employee Commute
1,180
15%
Government - Generated Solid Waste
130
2%
Total*
7,740
100%
. Due to roundng the total may not equal the sum of component parts
DETAILED ANALYSIS BY SECTOR
Much like the community inventory, the municipal inventory has multiple subsectors that are included in each sector
reported in Table B -3. Detailed activity data for each municipal subsector and its individual contribution to GHG
emissions are shown in Table B -4. Only the baseline year waste collection data was provided; since there wasn't a
significant change in employees, tons of waste generated in 2008 was used as a proxy for 2010. The City reported no
data for stationary fuel or refrigerants.
Table 13-4: Detailed Municipal Activity Data and GHG Emissions
Buildings - Electricity
4,678,210
kWh
1,350
Buildings - Natural Gas
61,380
Therms
330
Off -Road Equipment
1,540
Gallons
20
Fleet - Gasoline
120,030
Gallons
1,110
Fleet - Diesel
0
Gallons
0
Lighting - Streetlights
920,640
kWh
260
Lighting - Traffic Lights
241,920
kWh
70
Lighting - SCE -Owned Streetlights
989,790
kWh
280
Lighting - Other Public Lights
169,850
kWh
50
Water
10,296,620
kWh
2,960
Employee Commute
1,678,890
VMT
1,180
Government - Generated Solid Waste
720
Tons
130
Total*
7,740
. Due to roundng the total may not equal the sum of component parts
RELATION TO COMMUNITY -WIDE INVENTORY
Municipal emissions account for approximately 2% of community -wide emissions, as shown in Figure B -3. Municipal
GHG emissions are considered a subset of community -wide GHG emissions since the majority of municipal activities
occur within the boundaries of Arcadia This means that all municipal operations are included in the commercial,
industrial, transportation, waste, or other categories of this community -wide inventory as applicable. For example,
electricity use by City buildings is part of the community -wide commercial energy sector. 9milar to the way in which
businesses and factories perform their own facility -scale GHG inventories, the City municipal operations emissions
inventory analyzes municipal emissions in more detail in order to help the City assess and identify its major sources of
GHGs. Figure B -3 is intended for informational purposes and to show the relative scale of municipal and community -
wide emissions.
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Figure B -3: Municipal and Comm unity -W ide GH G Emissions
Communi
Wide
Emissior
98%
2010 EMISSIONS ASSESSMENT
Municipal
Activity data for 2010 was a/ailable for many community and several municipal sectors, including energy, transportation,
waste, community off -road, wastewater, and water. The information has been translated into greenhouse gas emissions
for Arcadia and all other participating cities. This common inventory year will serve as a shared platform that will allow
activities from all participating cities in the San Gabriel Valley to be compared accurately. This 2010 interim inventory
will also help cities track the GHG and energy reductions from programs implemented since the baseline year. Table
B -5 summarizes 2010 activity data and emissions and baseline emissions.
This analysis does not include emissions from agriculture or wastewater treatment due to the lack of data or the lack of
the activity. Overall community -wide emissions between 2008 and 2010 decreased; however, streetlights and off -road
vehicle emissions increased slightly. This correlates with the decrease in population, households, and jobs reported by
the census, the Department of Finance, and the Regional Transportation Ran (RTP). The slight increase in energy used
for streetlights may reflect municipal maintenance activity. Off -road vehicle emissions are associated with construction
and landscaping According to this analysis, the off -road emissions increase is associated with construction activity within
the city.
The City of Arcadia leads by example, and decreases in municipal operations energy use can be attributed to Energy
Wise projects and participation in the Energy Leaders Partnership. Reductions in both community -wide and municipal
waste emissions and emissions associated with water provision may be due to consumption reduction goals that the
City continues working toward.
Table B-5:2010 Community Activity Data and Emissions
Residential Electricity
161,357,830
145,578,890
-10%
kWh
46,450
41,910
-10%
Residential Natural
8,999,260
9,092,990
1%
Therms
47,870
48,370
1%
Gas
Commercial/
208,441,290
197,731,670
-5%
kWh
60,000
56,920
-5%
Industrial Electricity
Commercial/
3,398,740
3,372,740
_1%
Therms
18,080
17,940
_1%
Industrial Natural Gas
Direct Access
19,862,420
18,132,600
-9%
kWh
8,320
7,590
-9%
Electricity
Street & Traffic
11,479,230
11,891,310
4%
kWh
3,300
3,420
4%
Lighting
On -Road
488,582,200
491,432,890
1%
VMT
256,150
254,390
-1%
Transportation
Tons of
Waste - Solid Waste
51,740
41,960
-19%
9,620
7,800
-19%
Waste
Waste - Green Waste
15,620
16,950
9%
Tons of ADC
2,410
2,610
8%
Waste - Transformed
6,480
2,550
-61%
Tons
1,970
780
-60%
Transformed
Off -Road Equipment
19,470
19,590
1%
Households
2,700
3,760
40%
Water
47,968,100
47,793,330
<1%
kWh
13,810
13,760
<1%
Wastewater - Indirect
12,670,500
12,670,500
<1%
kWh
3,650
3,650
<1%
Tons of
Landfill
37,950
37,950
-
Waste in
280
270
-4%
Place
Total*
474,610
463,170
-2%
. Due to roundng the total may not equal the sum of component parts
lt� N e i
Table B -6: 2010 Municipal Activity Data and Emissions
Buildings - Electricity
Buildings - Natural
Gas
Buildings - Diesel*
Off -Road Equipment
Fleet - Gasoline*
Fleet - Diesel*
Fleet - CNG*
Lighting - Streetlights
Lighting - Traffic
Lights
Lighting - SCE -
Owned Streetlights
Lighting - Other
Public Lights
Water
Employee Commute*
Government -
Generated Solid
Waste
4,678,210
4,416,700
-6%
kWh
1,350
1,270
-6%
61,380
86,480
41%
Therms
330
460
39%
0
-
Gallons
0
0
-
1,540
1,540
-
VMT
20
20
-
120,030
120,030
-
Gallons
1110
1,110
-
0
0
-
Gallons
0
0
-
0
0
-
Gallons
0
0
-
920,640
926,910
1%
kWh
260
270
4%
241,920
219,870
-9%
kWh
70
60
-14%
989,790
1,026,630
4%
kWh
280
300
7%
169,850
138,450
-18%
kWh
50
40
-20%
10,296,620
9,537,870
-7%
kWh
2,960
2,750
-7%
1,678,890
1,678,890
-
VMT
1,180
1,180
-
720
720
-
Tons
130
130
-
Total" 7,740 7,590
Activity data for 2010 was not available at the time of this report. Fine fleet data was used as a proxy, and employee commute
sur�xey data for the current year is used as a proxy.
.. Due to rounding the total may not equal the sum of component parts
., �:
-2%
A business- as&usual forecast is an estimate of how GHG emissions will grow over time without influence from state,
regonal, and local reduction efforts. This BAU emission forecast are based on 2010 energy consumption, waste disposal,
and energy efficiency rates and focuses on two target years: 2020 and 2035. The 2020 target year is estimated for
consistency with AB 32 targets, and 2035 is studied for consistency with the Berate Bill 375 horizon.
a
COMMUNITY BAU INDICATORS
Table B -7 lists the various growth indicators and sources used in the forecasting of Arcadia's community -wide
emissions. All indicators for 2020 and 2035, except those used for transportation, are from the Southern California
Association of Government (SLAG) Proposed Final 2012 Regonal Transportation Ran (RTP). Residential energy use is
tied to the number of households within city limits for the target years. 9milarly, commercial and industrial energy use
emissions are assumed to gow with the number of jobs. Growth in waste emissions is based on the total service
population of Arcadia, as this includes projected residential, commercial, and industrial growth. Fehr & Peers
Transportation Consultants used SCAG's 2003 RTP travel model to forecast the growth in VMT. Fehr & Peers
compared population, household, and jobs forecasts from the 2003 RTP model with comparable data sources to confirm
the accuracy of the VMT forecasts. 9nce the 2003 RTP travel model forecasts were less than Fehr & Peers' 5%
adjustment margin of error, Fehr & Peers did not modify the City's VMT forecasts based on the US Census and the
2008 BCAG RTP model.
Table B -7: BAU Growth Indicators and Affected Sectors
Service
Solid Waste,
Population
Water,
2010 Census,
(Residents +
Wastewater,
82,780 78,810 87,700 93,800
SCAG 2012 RTP
Jobs)
Landfill
Households
Residential
20,300 19,590 21,000 22,700 2010 Census,
Energy, Off -Road
SCAG 2012 RTP
Fehr & Peers
Annual VMT
Transportation
488,582,200 491,432,890 506,513,470 528,557,340 Transportation
Consultants,
SCAG 2003 RTP
COMMUNITY BAU FORECAST
Table B -8 and Figure B -4 summarize the growth forecast of GHG emissions by activity sector without any actions or
policies in place to reduce GHG emissions. Under the BAU gowth scenario, emissions are estimated to gow by 3 %to
490,390 MTCO2e in 2020 and by 9 %from baseline to 519,580 MTCO2e in 2035.
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Table B -8: Com m unity BA Em issions by Sector
Residential Energy
94,320
90,280
97,060
104,920
Commercial /Industrial Energy
78,080
74,860
78,350
86,270
Direct Access Electricity
8,320
7,590
8,760
9,190
Street & Traffic Lighting
3,300
3,420
3,420
3,420
On -Road Transportation
256,150
254,390
265,550
277,110
Waste
14,000
11,190
14,830
15,860
Off -Road Equipment
2,700
3,760
3,430
2,700
Water
13,810
13,760
14,630
15,650
Wastewater - Indirect
3,650
3,650
4,060
4,140
Landfill
280
270
300
320
Total
474,610
463,170
490,390
519,580
% Change from 2008
-
-2%
3%
9%
Due to rounds g the total may not equal the sum cf component parts
Community -wide emissions decreased in 2010 most likely due to a drop in population and employment within the city.
The BAU forecast assumes economic recovery by 2020 and 2035. Flopulation and employment projections may obscure
the City's efforts to increase energy efficiency, but those continued efforts will show themselves in future evaluation of
actual activity data and be essential to achieving AB 32 goals as discussed below.
600,000
500,000
400,000
a�
N
V 300,000
H
E
200,000
100,000
Figure B -4: Com m unity BA U Em issions by Sector
2008 2010 2020 2035
MUNICIPAL BUSINESS -AS -USUAL FORECAST
Landfill
Wastewater
Water
Off Road
Community Generated Waste
Transportation
Street and Traffic Lighting
Direct Access Electricity
Commercial /Industrial Energy
Residential Energy
The growth indicators used for the municipal BAU forecast are different from those used for the community. Municipal
indicators are based on anticipated future changes to municipal operations and equipment; for example, the size of the
fleet, the number of buildings, and increases in services provided to the community. For sectors without any anticipated
changes, it was assumed that no changes occur from the baseline emissions. All of the information used in the municipal
BAU forecast was provided by City staff.
City staff provided baseline activity data including facility square footage gained and lost, and full -time employees for the
baseline year, 2010, and the current year. Because the City's vehicle fleet, municipal building area, and full -time
employees are not expected to change, emissions are considered to be constant and current year information is used as
proxy for 2020 and 2035.
Between the baseline year and the interim year, 2010, energy used for Arcadia's facilities and water pumping decreased.
This is likely due to the City's efforts to increase energy efficiency through the Energy Wise programs and SCE -
incentivized energy audits and decrease in the service population. As the service population recovers, energy used for
water pumping may increase proportionally, though less than if energy efficiency measures had not been implemented.
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Table B -9: Municipal BA Emissions by Sector
Buildings
1,680
Off -Road Equipment
20
Fleet
1,110
Lighting
660
Water
2,960
Employee Commute
1,180
Government - Generated Solid Waste
130
Total
7,730
% Change from 2008
-
. Due to rounding the total may not equal the sum of component parts
1,730
1,730
1,730
20
20
20
1,110
1,110
1,110
670
650
650
2,750
3,140
3,350
1,180
1,180
1,180
130
130
130
7,590
7,960
8,170
-2%
3%
6%
Figure B -5: Municipal BA Emissions by Sector
STATE ADJUSTED FORECAST
State Reduction Programs
Government - Generated Waste
Employee Commute
Water
Lighting
Landfill
Fleet
Off -Road Equipment
Buildings
The Nate has been a proactive force in reducing GHG emissions. Regulations affecting vehide standards, building
standards, and the renewable energy content of electricity will reduce GHG levels in the city. The state actions
summarized below are incorporated into the BAU forecast to create a more realistic estimate of Arcadia's future
emissions.
9,000
7,730
7,590
7,960
8,170
8,000 .mm.
7,000 ..,..
.......
6,000 ..,..
......
d
O
5,000 ....
U
4,000
,
......
3,000
2,000
......
1,000 .mm.
�....
.......
M
.
2008
2010
2020
2035
STATE ADJUSTED FORECAST
State Reduction Programs
Government - Generated Waste
Employee Commute
Water
Lighting
Landfill
Fleet
Off -Road Equipment
Buildings
The Nate has been a proactive force in reducing GHG emissions. Regulations affecting vehide standards, building
standards, and the renewable energy content of electricity will reduce GHG levels in the city. The state actions
summarized below are incorporated into the BAU forecast to create a more realistic estimate of Arcadia's future
emissions.
Assembly Bill 1493 (Pavley). 9gned into laN in 2002, AB 1493 requires carmakers to reduce GHG emissions from
new passenger cars and light trucks beginning in 2011. Regulations were adopted by CARB in 2004 and took effect in
2009 with the release of a waiver from the US Environmental Protection Agency granting California the right to
implement the bill. CARB anticipates that the Pavley standards will reduce GHG emissions from California passenger
vehicles by about 22% in 2012 and by about 30% in 2016, all while improving fuel efficiency and reducing
motorists' costs.2 The car industry is well on its way to meeting these efficiency targets.
Renewables Portfolio Standard. Established in 2002 in 5rnate Bill 1078, the Renewables Portfolio aandard (RPS)
calls on utility providers to increase the portion of energy that comes from renewable sources to 20% by 2010 and to
33% by 2020. A .Line 2009 report from the California Public Utilities Commission indicated it is unlikely that the state
and its investor -owned utilities will be able to reach the RPS goal of 33% by 2020; according to state assessments, the
forecast assumes that energy providers will achieve a28 %renewable portfolio by 2020.3
California Building Code Title 24. Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations mandates how each new home and
business is built in California It includes requirements for the structural, plumbing, electrical, and mechanical systems of
buildings and for fire and life safety, energy conservation, green design, and accessibility in and around buildings. The
2010 triennial edition of Title 24 pertains to all occupancies that applied for a building permit on or after .tnuary 1, 2011,
and remains in effect until the effective date of the 2013 triennial edition. This Inventory focuses on two sections of Title
24: Part 6 (the California Energy Code) and Part 11 (the California Green Building standards Code). These two sections
require direct electricity, natural gas, and water savings for every new home or business built in California. Title 24 is a
statewide standard applied at the local level by local agencies through project review.
This Inventory incorporates the net energy benefit of new Title 24 requirements that did not exist in the baseline year.
These estimates are based on California Energy Commission studies that compare each new update of Title 24 to its
former version. The AB 32 Smping Ran calls for ongoing triennial updates to Title 24 that yield regular increases in
mandatory energy and water savings for new construction. As such, the GHG forecast also includes a conservative
estimate of the energy and water reductions due to future updates of Title 24 based on historic growth rates. The
energy reductions quantified in the forecast from Part 6 Energy Code updates are based on the assumption that the
triennial updates to the code will yield regular decreases in the maximum allowable amount of energy used from new
construction.
Low Carbon Fuel Standard. The Low Carbon Fuel standard (LCFS) calls for CARB to achieve a reduction of at least
10% in the carbon intensity of California's transportation fuels by 2020. A preliminary injunction was issued in December
2011, which required implementation of the LCFSto be put on hold. CARB is currently appealing the decision. Until the
legal standing of the program has been resolved, the LCFS will not be considered in the adjusted business -as -usual
(ABAU) forecast.
California Solar Initiative. The California S)Iar Initiative (C9) is a state program that provides cash rebates for the
installation of an electric solar panel system. In order to qualify, the customer must buy electricity from one of
2 California Air Resources Board 2010.
s California Public Utilities Commission 2009.
o
, a rca I
Californiefs three investor -owned utilities (Southern California Edison, Pacific Gas and Bectric, or San Diego Gas &
Bectric).
COMMUNITY ADJUSTED BUSINESS- AS- USUAL(ABAU) FORECAST
All of the state programs highlighted above are included in the community -wide ABAU forecast. As shown in Table B-
10, these state reduction efforts are anticipated to reduce BAU emissions by 61,870 MTCO2e in 2020 and 100,060
MTCO2e in 2035. The majority of these reductions are from the Pavley standards and the RPS In comparison to the
BAU scenario, Table B -11 shows 2020 emissions with state reduction measures are 9% below baseline 2008 levels
rather than 3% above. 9milarly, 2035 emissions go from 9% above baseline 2008 levels in the BAU scenario to 12%
below baseline levels after state efforts are taken into account.
Table B -10: Im pact of State Policies on Com m unity GH G Em issions
Pavley I Reductions
- 40,990
- 64,100
RPS Reductions
- 17,770
- 29,380
CSI Reductions
-1,430
-1,280
CALGreen Reductions
-1,680
-5,300
Total State Reductions
- 61,870
- 100,060
. Due to roundng the total may not equal
the sum of component parts
Table B -11 — Comparison of BAU and ABAU Forecast
BAU Forecast 474,610 463,170
490,390
519,580
Total State Reductions* — —
- 61,870
- 100,060
Adjusted BAU Forecast 474,610 463,170
428,520
419,520
Percentage Change from 2008 - -2%
-10%
-12%
. Due to roundng the total may not equal the sum of component parts
State reductions from baseline and 2010 were not quantified because the effects of those programs are already reflected
in the activity data collected. For example, the efforts to increase the amount of clean energy in electricity through the
RPSare already captured in the emissions coefficients used to translate electricity use into MTCO2e.
MU N ICIPAL ABAU FORECAST
Only certain state reduction programs affect the municipal BAU forecast. These include the RP$ the Pavley standards,
and the Title 24 efficiency standards. The C9 is not applicable to municipalities and is not quantified. Table B -12 shows
the effect of the included state reduction efforts and Table B -13 shows how this changes the BAU emissions. Emissions
are reduced by 1,000 MTCO2e in 2020 and 1,590 MTCO2e in 2035. The majority of these reductions are from the RPS
In comparison to the BAU scenario, 2020 emissions with state reduction measures are 10% below baseline 2008 levels
rather than 3% above. 9milarly, 2035 emissions go from 6% above baseline 2008 levels in the BAU scenario to 15%
below baseline levels after state efforts are taken into account.
Table B -12: Impact of State Policy on Municipal GHG Emissions
Pavley Reductions
RPS Reductions
CALGreen Reductions
mr,6111
-640
Total State Reductions* -1,000
. Due to roundng the total may nct equal the sum of component parts
Table B -13: Comparison of BA U and A BA U Forecast
-560
-1,030
-1,590
BAU Forecast 7,740 7,590 7,960 8,170
Total State Reductions* — — -1,000 -1,590
Adjusted Forecast 7,740 7,590 6,960 6,580
Percentage Change from 2008 -2% -10% -15%
. Due to roundng the total may not equal the sum of component parts
All electricity reductions that the City has achieved since the baseline year through energy efficiency retrofits or other
programs will be quantified in the Energy Action Ran.
The next step is for the City to determine energy reduction targets for 2020 and 2035. The new energy reduction
targets will be the goal of the EAP and a quantitative way of measuring the plan's success. The EAP's energy reduction
targetswill set the groundwork for any GHG reduction targetsfound in afuture climate action plan.
STATE- RECOMMENDED 2020 AND 2035 REDUCTION TARGETS
While the state reductions represent a significant decrease in emissions, AB 32 recommends that local governments
adopt a GHG reduction target of 15% below baseline (2005 -2008) levels by 2020. The Mate has not adopted GHG
reduction targets beyond 2020; however, in 2005, then - Governor Schwarzenegger signed Executive Order &3 -05,
which created a goal to reduce GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 and to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050. While
not legislatively mandated, it is anticipated that the state will adopt targets similar to those included in Executive Order
&3 -05 after the State's achievement of the 2020 target can be better evaluated.
As shown in Table B -14, the City would need to facilitate an additional 6% reduction in community -wide emissions to
meet the AB 32 Scoping Ran GHG reduction goal for 2020. In GHG emissions, this 6% reduction translates to a
reduction of 25,100 MTCO2e below ABAU emissions in 2020. Smilarly, to be on a trajectory toward the Executive
Order &3 -05 target for 2050, the City would need to reduce community -wide emissions 49 °/Q or 205,950 MTCO2e, by
2035.
The Nate- recommended reduction targets for community -wide GHG emissions can also be applied to municipal
operations. Table B -15 below outlines the Mate- recommended reduction targets and necessary further reductions the
Aid'
i
City would need to facilitate in order to meet the recommended goals for 2020 and 2035. ABAU municipal emissions in
Arcadia are forecasted to be380 MTCO2e short of the state- recommend 15% GHG reduction target for 2020. It is
important to remember however, that Mate reduction programs are not guaranteed to be fully implemented, much like
the LCFS Local action by city facility and fleet managers are the best way to guarantee a 15% reduction below baseline
levels in 2020.
Table B -14: Community GH G Emissions and State -Recom mended Reduction Targets
State - Recommended Reduction Targets (percent below baseline) 15% 55%
State - Recommended Emissions Goal (MTCO2e) 403,420 213,570
ABAU Forecast with State Reductions (MTCOze) 428,520 419,520
State - Recommended Emissions Goal (MTCO2e) 6,580 3,420
ABAU Forecast with State Reductions (MTCO2e) 6,9600 6,580
Local Reduction Needed from Adjusted BAU (MTCOZe) -380 -3,160
Figure B -6 shows the City's BAU and ABAU forecasts in relation to baseline and recommended 2020 and 2035
reduction targets. The gap from the top of the red bar to the top of the purple bar represents the 206,000 MTCO2e
"gap" to meet the AB 32 reduction target. The goal of the City's EAP under development is to close that gap with
policies to reduce the amount of electricity used in the city.
Figure B -6: GHG Forecast and State - Recommended Reduction Target Summary
600,000
500,000
400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035
Baseline BAU Forecast
GHG Reduction Targets ABAU Forecast
The community and municipal inventories are important milestones for assessing and mitigating Arcadia's impact on
climate change from the activities of people, businesses, and industry. The Inventory also provides data that will shape
the development of the EAP by providing a justifiable basis for the City's analysis of its impact on climate change. The
next step will be for the City to review and confirm Inventory findings and determine how the community will achieve
the desired 2020 GHG reduction target through development of the Energy Action Ran.
Aid'
i
This technical appendix provides a summary of the data sources, assumptions, and performance metrics utilized in this
Energy Action Ran to quantify the estimated kilowatt -hours (kWh) savings, greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions, and
costs. The sources and metrics are organized by policy and rely on four primary types of data and research: (1) the city's
GHG emissions inventory and forecast, (2) government agency tools and reports, (3) case studies in similar jurisdictions,
and (4) scholarly research.
The baseline GHG inventory and forecast serve as the foundation for quantifying the City's GHG reduction policies.
Activity data from the inventory, e.g., vehicle miles traveled and kWh of electricity, is combined with the performance
targets and indicators identified in this plan to calculate the reduction benefit of each measure. This approach ensures that
the City's kWh savings and GHG reductions are tied to the baseline and future activities that are actually occurring in the
city.
Whenever possible, emissions reduction estimates are based on tools and reports provided by government agencies such
as the US Environmental Protection Agency, California Environmental Protection Agency, California Energy Commission,
California Air Resources Board, California Air Pollution Control Officers Association, and local air districts. If accurate
reduction estimates are not available through these tools, a case study may be used if the case study is comparable to the
conditions in the city. Finally, for reduction policies that lack actual on- the -g ound testing or analysis, current scholarly and
peer - reviewed research is combined with knowledge of existing city practices to create an estimate of potential kWh and
GHG reductions.
Table C -1: Emissions Factors and Sources for 2006 Baseline Inventory
ME� M91
641.26
1 b COz /MWh
LGOP v1.1, Table G.6
SCE Electricity
0.031
1 b CH4 /MWh
LGOP v1.1, Table G.7
0.00029
MTCO2e /kWh
0.009
1 b N20 /MWh
LGOP v1.1, Table G.7
889.75
1 b COz /MWh
LGOP v1.1, Table G.7
Direct Access Electricity
0.031
1 b CH4 /MWh
LGOP v1.1, Table G.7
0.00041
MTCOze /kWh
0.009
Ibs NZO /MWh
LGOP v1.1, Table G.7
53.06
kg COz /MMBtu
LGOP v1.1, Table G.1
SoCal Gas - Natural Gas
0.005
kg CH4 /MMBtu
LGOP v1.1, Table G.3
0.00532
MTCOze /therm
0.0001
kg N20 /MMBtu
LGOP v1.1, Table G.3
10.21
Ibs CO2 /gallon
LGOP v1.1, Table G.1
Stationary Diesel
0.0015
Ibs CH4 /gallon
LGOP v1.1, Table G.4
0.01027
MTCOZe /gallon
0.0001
Ibs N20/gallon
LGOP v1.1, Table G.4
8.78
kg CO2/gallon
LGOP v1.1, Table G.11
0.00878
MTCOZ /gallon
Fleet Gasoline
.0107 -.4090
g CH4 /mile*
LGOP v1.1, Table G.12
.0107 -.4090
g CH4 /mile*
.0038 -.1726
g N20 /mile*
LGOP v1.1, Table G.12
.0038 -.1726
g N20 /mile*
10.21
kg CO2/gallon
LGOP v1.1, Table G.11
0.01021
MTCO2 /gallon
Fleet Diesel
.0005 -.0051
g CH4 /mile*
LGOP v1.1, Table G.12
.0005 -.0051
g CH4 /mile*
ME� M91
Table C -2: Emissions Factors and Sources for 2010 Inventory
630.89
.0012 -.0048
g N20 /mile*
LGOP v1.1, Table G.12
.0012 -.0048
g N20 /mile*
SCE Electricity* 0.029
0.054
kg CO2 /scf
LGOP v1.1, Table G.11
0.000054
MTCO2 /scf
Fleet CNG
0.737
g CH4 /mile
LGOP v1.1, Table G.13
Table G.7
919.64
Ibs CO2 /MWh
LGOP 0.1,
0.000031
MTCOze /mile
Direct Access Electricity* 0.029
0.05
g N20/Mile
LGOP v1.1, Table G.13
Table G.7
0.01
5.59
kg CO2/gallon
LGOP v1.1, Table G.11
0.00559
MTCO2 /gallon
Fleet LPG
0.037
g CH4 /mile
LGOP v1.1, Table G.13
0.000022
MTCOze /mile
0.067
g N20 /mile
LGOP v1.1, Table G.13
505.5
g CO2/Mile
EMFAC 2011
On -Road Transportation
Fehr & Peers
0.00053
MTCOze /mile
1.05
CO2e /CO2
Transportation
Consultants
tons CO2 /day in LA
825
OFFROAD2007
County
Off -Road Construction
0.0989
tons CH4 /day in LA
OFFROAD2007
273,900
MTCOze /year
County
in LA County
tons N20/day in LA
0.0007
County
OFFROAD2007
tons CO2 /day in LA
8.03
OFFROAD2007
County
Off -Road Lawn and Garden
0.0148
tons CH4 /day in LA
OFFROAD2007
3,410
MTCOze /year
County
in LA County
tons N20/day in LA
0.0063
County
OFFROAD2007
* Dependent on vehicle's model year and size.
Table C -2: Emissions Factors and Sources for 2010 Inventory
630.89
1 b CO2 /MWh
LGOP 0.1,
Table G.6
SCE Electricity* 0.029
Ibs CH4 /MWh
LGOP 0.1, 0.00029 MTCO2e /kWh
Table G.7
0.01
Ibs N20 /MWh
LGOP 0.1,
Table G.7
919.64
Ibs CO2 /MWh
LGOP 0.1,
Table G.7
Direct Access Electricity* 0.029
Ibs CH4 /MWh
LGOP v1.1, 0.00042 MTCO2e /kWh
Table G.7
0.01
Ibs N20 /MWh
LGOP 0.1,
Table G.7
.. C I
53.06
kg CO2 /MMBtu
LGOP v1.1,
Table G.1
SoCal Gas - Natural Gas
0.005
kg CH4 /MMBtu
LGOP v1.1,
0.00532
MTCO2e /therm
Table G.3
0.0001
kg N2O /MMBtu
LGOP v1.1,
Table G.3
10.21
Ibs CO2 /gallon
LGOP v1.1,
Table G.1
Stationary Diesel
0.0015
Ibs CH4 /gallon
LGOP v1.1,
0.01027
MTCO2e /gallon
Table G.4
0.0001
Ibs N2O /gallon
LGOP v1.1,
Table G.4
8.78
kg CO2 /gallon
LGOP v1.1,
0.00878
MTCO2 /gallon
Table G.11
Fleet Gasoline
0107
-.4090
g CH4 /mile **
LGOP v1.1,
.0107-
g CH4/mile**
Table G.12
.4090
.0038
-.1726
g N2O /mile **
LGOP v1.1,
.0038-
g N2O /mile **
Table G.12
.1726
10.21
kg CO2 /gallon
LGOP v1.1,
0.01021
MTCO2 /gallon
Table G.11
Fleet Diesel
0005
-.0051
g CH4 /mile **
LGOP v1.1,
.0005-
g CH4/Mile**
Table G.12
.0051
0012
-.0048
g N2O /mile **
LGOP v1.1,
.0012-
g N20/Mile**
Table G.12
.0048
0.054
kg CO2 /scf
LGOP v1.1,
0.000054
MTCO2 /scf
Table G.11
Fleet CNG
0.737
g CH4 /mile
LGOP v1.1,
Table G.13
0.000031
MTCO2e /mile
0.05
g N2O /mile
LGOP v1.1,
Table G.13
5.59
kg CO2 /gallon
LGOP v1.1,
0.00559
MTCO2 /gallon
Table G.11
Fleet LPG
0.037
g CH4 /mile
LGOP v1.1,
Table G.13
0.000022
MTCO2e /mile
0.067
g N2O /mile
LGOP v1.1,
Table G.13
491.8
g CO2 /mile
EMFAC 2011
On -Road Transportation
Fehr & Peers
0.00052
MTCO2e /mile
1.05
CO2e /CO2
Transportation
Consultants
879
tons CO2 /day in LA County
OFFROAD2007
Off -Road Construction
0.0853
tons CH4 /day in LA County
OFFROAD2007
291,660
MTCO2e /year in LA
County
0.0007
tons N2O /day in LA County
OFFROAD2007
8.97 tons CO2/clay in LA County OFFROAD2007
Off -Road Lawn and 0.0144 tons CH4 /day in LA County OFFROAD2007 3,690 MTCOze /year in LA
Garden County
0.0061 tons N20/day in LA County OFFROAD2007
* 2010 factors not available. 2007 factors used as a proxy.
** Dependent on vehicle's model year and size.
Table C -3: Sources for Community Inventory Activity Data
Residential Electricity
Residential Natural Gas
Commercial /Industrial Electricity
Commercial /Industrial Natural Gas
Direct Access Electricity
Street & Traffic Lighting
On -Road Transportation
Waste — Solid Waste
Waste — Green Waste
Waste — Transformed
Off -Road Equipment
Water
Wastewater
Southern California Edison
Southern California Gas Company
Southern California Edison
Southern California Gas Company
Southern California Edison
Southern California Edison
Fehr & Peers Transportation Consultants; SCAG 2003 RTP
CalRecycle online Disposal Reporting System
CalRecycle online Disposal Reporting System
CalRecycle online Disposal Reporting System
California Air Resources Board's OFFROAD2007 model
PMC's San Gabriel Valley Regional Water Model
PMC's San Gabriel Valley Regional Water Model
Table C -4: Sources for Municipal Inventory Activity Data
Buildings — Electricity Southern California Edison
Buildings — Natural Gas Southern California Gas Company
Fleet Fuel Use City records
Public Lighting Electricity Southern California Edison
Employee Commute Online City survey completed by City employees
Government - Generated Solid
City records
Waste
.. C I
Table C -5: Quantification Sources and Citations
• Reduce energy use in new residential buildings by establishing local green building
standards that reduce energy use by 20% below baseline levels. (Arcadia General Plan:
Policy RS -5.4 & 5.12)
• Host energy efficiency and renewable energy financing workshops to promote:
- Energy conservation practices.
Actions: - The use of energy conservation features in use and design of residential buildings.
(Arcadia General Plan: Policy RS -1.7)
• Encourage property owners to install smart meters or participate in other energy -
monitoring programs that inform energy use decisions and reduce peak energy
demand.
Applicable Reduction Target:
kWh Reductions (2020):
MTCOze Reductions (2020):
Assumed Reduction per
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020):
Implementation Time Frame:
Implementing Department(s):
Reduce residential electricity use to 5% below 2008 by 2020
- 223,790
-50
590 kWh per participating household
140 participating households
Near -Term
Development Services
Mandated percentage reduction rate was applied to the per household energy use activity
Reduction Method: data from the Arcadia GHG inventory and forecast. Reductions in energy were then
converted to MTCOze using emissions factors which include RPS assumptions
Reduction Sources: City of Arcadia. 2010. Resource Sustainability Element of Arcadia General Plan.
• Promote existing and new energy efficiency rebate offerings for appliances, heating
and ventilation equipment, and lighting fixtures.
Actions: Promote the use of smart -grid- integrated appliances.
• Support appliance trade -in programs (e.g., Energy Star) to replace inefficient
appliances.
Applicable Reduction Target: Reduce existing residential electricity use (kWh) to 5% below 2008 levels by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020): - 66,730 to - 400,410
MTCO2e Reductions (2020): -20 to -90
Assumed Reduction per 60 kWh to 360 kWh
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020): 810 to 1,220 participating households
Implementation Time Frame: Near -Term
Implementing Department(s): Public Works
Assumed high and low reductions, from the CAPCOA source cited below, were applied to
Reduction Method: an assumed number of participating single - family and multi - family households. A target
utilization rate of 25% -100% was applied to reflect the likelihood of homes not utilizing all
possible forms of energy- efficient appliances.
CAPCOA (California Air Pollution Control Officers Association). 2010. Quantifying
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures. http://capcoa.org /wp-
Reduction Sources: content / uploads /2010 /11 /CA PCOA- Quantification -Repo rt- 9- 14- Final.pdf.
U.S. Census Bureau. 2006 -2010 American Community Survey 5 -Year Estimates. Table DP -4:
Selected Housing Characteristics.
4�4arCadia
• Provide a website and /or materials at City facilities and events to promote energy
efficiency improvements in partnership with local and regional programs.
• Share results of locally representative building energy efficiency audits and retrofits on
the City's website and through other publications to show people the costs and
benefits of energy efficiency improvements.
• Promote residential homeowners' participation in the Energy Upgrade California
program to maximize education and access to incentives to improve the energy
efficiency of their homes.
• Encourage residential property owners to provide energy use history, conduct an audit,
Actions:
or provide a Home Energy Rating System rating at the time of sale.
• Promote development of the local workforce by supporting contractor training and
certification for energy efficiency retrofits, including Building Performance Institute
training, or other electricity efficiency workforce development programs.
• Pursue funding for a neighborhood residential retrofit pilot program, which would
partially or fully fund audits for representative house types to identify common
electricity efficiency opportunities that can be applied throughout the community,
when funds become available.
• Consider providing a residential energy efficiency checklist that identifies various
retrofit programs and activities and the typical payback period for each.
Applicable Reduction Target:
Reduce existing residential electricity use (kWh) to 5% below 2008 levels by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
- 2,073,050 to - 9,720,470
MTCOze Reductions (2020):
-490 to -2,300
Assumed Reduction per
2,540 kWh to 7,940 kWh per owner- occupied household
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020):
1,630 to 2,450 participating households
Implementation Time Frame:
Mid -Term
Implementing Department(s):
Development Service and Public Works
4�4arCadia
Participation rates from Arcadia and other cities in the San Gabriel Valley retrofitting and
auditing programs were used to inform target participation rates in home retrofit
Reduction Method: programs. Case studies from several Energy Upgrade California participating homes in Los
Angeles County were used to estimate the potential savings of participation households.
The target number of participating households was derived from the number of owner -
occupied homes in Arcadia.
Building Doctors. 2011. Los Angeles CA Home Energy Performance Assessment.
City of Arcadia. 2010. Resource Sustainability Element of Arcadia General Plan.
Residential Energy Assessment Services (REAS), Inc. 2011. Encino CA Home Energy
Reduction Sources:
Performance Assessment.
Residential Energy Assessment Services (REAS), Inc. 2011. San Fernando CA Home Energy
Performance Assessment.
US Census Bureau. 2006 -2010 American Community Survey 5 -Year Estimates. Table DP -4:
Selected Housing Characteristics.
• Encourage multi - family property owners to install separate electric meters for each
apartment.
• Encourage multi - family property owners to participate in the Los Angeles County
Property Assessed Clean Energy financing program to improve the energy efficiency of
Actions:
their properties.
• Support development of a collaborative program for landlords and tenants to facilitate
the financing of energy efficiency retrofits to renter - occupied housing units.
• Consider establishing a low- income retrofit program to facilitate exterior energy
efficiency improvements to income - qualified households, when funds become
available.
Applicable Reduction Target:
Reduce existing residential electricity use (kWh) to 5% below 2008 levels by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
- 866,230 to - 4,235,780
MTCO2e Reductions (2020):
-210 to -1,000
Assumed Reduction per
3,810 kWh to 11,910 kWh per renter - occupied household
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020):
680 to 1,040 participating renter - occupied households
Implementation Time Frame:
Mid -Term
Implementing Department(s):
Development Services and Public Works
Participation rates from Arcadia and other cities in the San Gabriel Valley retrofitting and
auditing programs were used to inform target participation rates in home retrofit
Reduction Method: programs. Case studies from several Energy Upgrade California participating homes in Los
Angeles County were used to estimate the potential savings of participation households.
The target number of participating households was derived from the number of renter -
occupied homes in Arcadia.
Building Doctors. 2011. Los Angeles CA Home Energy Performance Assessment.
City of Arcadia. 2010. Resource Sustainability Element of Arcadia General Plan.
Residential Energy Assessment Services (REAS), Inc. 2011. Encino CA Home Energy
Reduction Sources: Performance Assessment.
Residential Energy Assessment Services (REAS), Inc. 2011. San Fernando CA Home Energy
Performance Assessment.
US Census Bureau. 2006 -2010 American Community Survey 5 -Year Estimates. Table DP -4:
Selected Housing Characteristics.
4�4arCadia
• Promote the installation of heat recovery and low- emitting co- generation facilities,
where feasible, in new industrial and large commercial developments. (Arcadia General
Plan: Policy RS -5.7)
• Investigate providing incentives for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design -
certified or equivalent for new and /or retrofitted private commercial and industrial
buildings.
• Partner with the Arcadia Chamber of Commerce to highlight available conservation
actions and energy efficiency programs to business and property owners.
Actions:
Partner with the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro) to
have building infrastructure along the new Gold Line with energy- efficient and
renewable energy features, such as "building- integrated" solar for bus shelters.
• Encourage building and facility managers to participate in energy- monitoring
programs that inform energy use decisions and reduce peak energy demand such as
Southern California Edison's Demand Response Program.
• Share information on energy conservation actions that can be implemented at local
businesses through the City's website, the Chamber of Commerce, and other materials
and events.
Applicable Reduction Target:
Reduce existing nonresidential electricity use (kWh) to 10% below 2008 levels by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
- 5,707,590 to - 22,830,370
MTCOze Reductions (2020):
-1,470 to -5,900
Assumed Reduction per
2 to 4 kWh per nonresidential square foot
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020):
2,807,400 to 5,614,810 nonresidential square feet retrofitted
Implementation Time Frame:
Mid -Term
4�4arCadia
Implementing Department(s): Development Services
Applied square footage of nonresidential uses from the Arcadia General Plan update
Reduction Method: (minus vacant land and open space) and assumed participation and reduction rates to
baseline nonresidential electricity use.
Reduction Sources: City of Arcadia. 2010. Land Use Element of Arcadia General Plan.
• Work with Los Angeles County, local, and regional public or private entities to create a
revolving loan fund to support nonresidential retrofits that are not covered by utility
rebates or other existing incentives.
Actions: Encourage education and outreach to commercial property owners on the benefits of
complying with state requirements on energy disclosure at the time of sale or lease of
nonresidential property (Assembly Bill 1103).
Applicable Reduction Target: Reduce existing nonresidential electricity use (kWh) to 10% below 2008 levels by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
- 9,931,210 to - 46,516,880
MTCO2e Reductions (2020):
-2,570 to - 12,020
Assumed Reduction per
3 to 9 kWh per square foot of nonresidential space
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020):
2,807,400 to 4,491,850 nonresidential square footage retrofitted
Implementation Time Frame:
Mid -Term
Implementing Department(s):
Development Services and Public Works
Applied square footage of Santa Anita, commercial, and industrial nonresidential uses
from the Arcadia General Plan update (minus vacant land, open space, and redundant
industrial and commercial uses within Santa Anita) and assumed participation rates to
baseline nonresidential electricity use. Using the California End -Use Survey (CEUS), the
average percentage of electricity used on the building envelope (heating, ventilation, and
air conditioning) was applied to the overall nonresidential electricity kWh used in Arcadia
Reduction Method:
citywide kWh nonresidential consumption by retrofit item was calculated by applying the
CEUS figures for percentage of electricity consumed by each end use. These kWh figures
were then multiplied by the Brown et al. (2008) reduction by appliance estimates to
calculate total kWh reductions by item which were then summed to calculate overall
reductions. A utilization rate was applied to the overall reductions because it is unlikely
that each participant will upgrade every component of their building. A factor based on
square footages of commercial buildings in Arcadia was applied to separate out facilities
less than 25,000 square feet for this policy to avoid double counting with Policy 2.3.
Brown, Rich, Sam Borgeson, Jon Koomey, and Peter Biermayer. 2008. U.S. Building- Sector
Energy Efficiency Potential. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
University of California. http: / /enduse.lbl.gov /info /LBNL- 1096E.pdf.
Reduction Sources: City of Arcadia. Land Use Element. http: / /www.ci.arcadia .ca.us /docs /exhibit_al.pdf.
Itron, Inc. 2007. California Commercial End -Use Survey— Results Page.
http: // capabilities .itron.com /CeusWeb /Chart.aspx.
4�4arCadia
• When appropriate, create a prioritized list of energy- intense industries to target for
additional education and /or financial support for energy efficiency retrofits and
renewable energy projects.
• Identify and prioritize properties that have the potential to support alternative fuels
(e.g., the Westfield Santa Anita mall and the Santa Anita Park racetrack) to target for
renewable energy projects.
Actions:
Meet with energy program managers of large industrial, commercial, medical, and large
multi - family or group residential facilities to share information and identify
opportunities for local collaboration and partnership to increase energy efficiency and
alternative energy sources.
• Encourage businesses and facilities larger than 25,000 square feet to participate in
Southern California Edison's Retrocommissioning Program to identify cost - effective
ways to optimize building performance.
Applicable Reduction Target:
Reduce existing nonresidential electricity use (kWh) to 10% below 2008 levels by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
- 2,813,840 to - 6,442,730
MTCOze Reductions (2020):
-730 to -1,660
Assumed Reduction per
2 to 3 kWh per nonresidential square foot
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020):
1,449,700 to 2,319,530 nonresidential square footage retrofitted
Implementation Time Frame:
Mid -Term
Implementing Department(s):
Public Works
4�4arCadia
Applied square footage of Santa Anita, commercial, and industrial nonresidential uses
from the Arcadia General Plan update (minus vacant land, open space, and redundant
industrial and commercial uses within Santa Anita) and assumed participation rates to
baseline nonresidential electricity use. Using the California End -Use Survey (CEUS), the
average percentage of electricity used on the building envelope (heating, ventilation, and
air conditioning) was applied to the overall nonresidential electricity kWh used in Arcadia
Reduction Method: citywide kWh nonresidential consumption by retrofit item was calculated by applying the
CEUS figures for percentage of electricity consumed by each end use. These kWh figures
were then multiplied by the Brown et al. (2008) reduction by appliance estimates to
calculate total kWh reductions by item which were then summed to calculate overall
reductions. A utilization rate was applied to the overall reductions because it is unlikely
that each participant will upgrade every component of their building. A factor based on
square footages of commercial buildings in Arcadia was applied to separate out facilities
greater than 25,000 square feet for this policy to avoid double counting with Policy 2.2.
Brown, Rich, Sam Borgeson, Jon Koomey, and Peter Biermayer. 2008. U.S. Building- Sector
Energy Efficiency Potential. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
University of California. http: / /enduse.lbi.gov /info /LBNL- 1096E.pdf.
Reduction Sources: City of Arcadia. Land Use Element. http: / /www.ci.arcadia .ca.us /docs /exhibit_al.pdf.
Itron, Inc. 2007. California Commercial End -Use Survey— Results Page.
http: // capabilities .itron.com /CeusWeb /Chart.aspx.
Collaborate with local green building organizations to provide training and workshops.
• Promote the use of energy conservation features in the design of residential
development to conserve natural resources and lower energy costs. (Arcadia General
Plan: Policy H -3.4)
• Support the use of innovative and alternative building materials and designs that
improve building energy efficiency.
Actions:
• Encourage project applicants to participate in Southern California Edison's Savings by
Design program.
• Develop an offset or mitigation fee program to allow projects with significant energy
impacts to provide fees that fund energy efficiency and renewable energy projects
within the community consistent with the General Plan.
• Support programs that provide contractor and architect training on green building and
energy efficiency design and construction practices to demonstrate compliance with
the City's Sustainable Development Practices.
Applicable Reduction Target:
Move toward net zero electricity use in new buildings by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
- 128,110 to - 275,030
MTCO2e Reductions (2020):
-30 to -70
Assumed Reduction per 3,200 kWh to 3,930 kWh per new home
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020): 40 to 70 new construction projects
Implementation Time Frame: Mid -Term
Implementing Department(s): Development Services
Calculated the proportion of forecast electricity use for new residential and nonresidential
Reduction Method: development and then applied CAPCOA's electricity reduction per percentage above Title
24 minimums factor to forecast electricity use for participants in the program.
CAPCOA (California Air Pollution Control Officers Association). 2010. Quantifying
Reduction Sources: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures. http://capcoa.org /wp-
content /uploads /2010/11 /CA PCOA- Quantification -Repo rt- 9- 14- Final.pdf.
• Remove barriers to use of individual clean energy systems that are consistent with the
City's aesthetic and design objectives. (Arcadia General Plan: Policy RS -5.2)
• Continue to implement policies and actions from Arcadia's General Plan Resource
Actions: Sustainability Element.
• Investigate the options for adopting local green building standards that address energy
use. (Arcadia General Plan: Policy RS -5.4)
Applicable Reduction Target: Move toward net zero electricity use in new buildings by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
Supportive -
Not Estimated
MTCO2e Reductions (2020):
Supportive -
Not Estimated
Assumed Reduction per
Supportive -Not
Estimated
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020):
Supportive -
Not Estimated
Implementation Time Frame:
Near -Term
Implementing Department(s):
Community Development
Reduction Method:
Supportive -
Not Applicable
Reduction Sources:
Supportive -
Not Applicable
4�4arCadia
• Encourage all new development to install energy- efficient appliances consistent with
the City's Sustainable Development Practices.
Actions:
Promote existing energy efficiency rebate offerings for appliances, heating and
ventilation equipment, and lighting fixtures.
• Promote the use of smart -grid- integrated appliances in new development.
Applicable Reduction Target:
Move toward net zero electricity use in new buildings by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
Supportive - Not Estimated
MTCO2e Reductions (2020):
Supportive - Not Estimated
Assumed Reduction per
Supportive -Not Estimated
Participant:
cost incentive programs. (Arcadia General Plan: Policy RS -5.13)
Performance Target(s) (2020):
Supportive - Not Estimated
Implementation Time Frame:
Mid -Term
Implementing Department(s):
Development Services
Reduction Method:
Supportive - Not Applicable
Reduction Sources:
Supportive - Not Applicable
• Work with the San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments and other cities to pursue
regional funding for residential audits and /or retrofits.
• Partner with local community banks and /or credit unions to support low- interest
energy efficiency financing programs for energy efficiency retrofits.
• Identify incentives or rebates for projects that voluntarily exceed the applicable
minimum energy efficiency requirements of the City's Sustainable Development
Practices.
Actions:
Promote the application of active solar energy systems in residential development by
facilitating, where possible, the efforts of federal and state entities in the allocation of
cost incentive programs. (Arcadia General Plan: Policy RS -5.13)
• Pursue grants or other financial sources to support residential energy efficiency
retrofits.
• Encourage nonresidential and multi - family property owners to participate in the Los
Angeles County Property Assessed Clean Energy financing program to improve the
energy efficiency of their facilities.
Applicable Reduction Target:
Move toward net zero electricity use in new buildings by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
Supportive - Not Estimated
MTCOze Reductions (2020):
Supportive - Not Estimated
Assumed Reduction per
Supportive -Not Estimated
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020):
Supportive - Not Estimated
Implementation Time Frame: Long -Term
Implementing Department(s): Development Services and Public Works
Reduction Method: Supportive - Not Applicable
Reduction Sources: Supportive - Not Applicable
4�4arCadia
• Create and host an annual energy conservation competition for residents and
businesses.
• Work with schools, Southern California Edison, and other partners to provide energy
efficiency education to elementary and high school students, and promote hands -on
energy efficiency learning projects.
Actions:
Promote development of the local workforce by supporting contractor training and
certification for energy efficiency projects.
• Promote taking the Energy Star Pledge to households and business owners.
• Create a green business /household awards program to recognize and award prizes to
homeowners and businesses that have achieved energy efficiency improvements as
models for the community.
Applicable Reduction Target:
Move toward net zero electricity use in new buildings by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
Supportive - Not Estimated
MTCOze Reductions (2020):
Supportive - Not Estimated
Assumed Reduction per
Supportive -Not Estimated
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020):
Supportive - Not Estimated
Implementation Time Frame:
Mid -Term
Implementing Department(s):
Public Works
Reduction Method:
Supportive - Not Applicable
Reduction Sources:
Supportive - Not Applicable
4�4arCadia
• Host events, workshops, or community "work days" to complete voluntary, low -cost
actions that facilitate urban cooling such as tree plantings or the installation of shade
structures.
Actions:
• Require new projects to install, maintain, and replace trees on streets, parkways, and
parks in compliance with the City's Municipal Code.
• Work with project applicants to increase tree planting and design landscaping to shade
building exteriors from the summer sun.
• Continue Arcadia's 18 -year status as a Tree City, USA.
Applicable Reduction Target:
Reduce existing nonresidential electricity use (kWh) to 10% below 2008 levels by 2020
Reduce existing residential electricity use (kWh) to 5% below 2008 levels by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
- 201,090 to - 1,888,090
MTCO2e Reductions (2020):
-50 to -470
Assumed Reduction per
40 kWh to 190 kWh per participant
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020):
5,080 to 10,150 participating households
Implementation Time Frame:
Near -Term
Implementing Department(s):
Public Works
Shade trees can have a direct impact on decreasing the air conditioning load in buildings.
This occurs when a tree's shade prevents the building from heating up throughout the day
from the sunlight hitting windows and exterior walls. Using end -use surveys for both
residential and commercial buildings, the average air conditioner electricity use was
Reduction Method:
calculated for both homes and businesses. This was applied to the community -wide
electricity use to estimate the total amount of electricity used in the city for air
conditioning. A range of percentage reductions to cooling - related energy use per shade
tree, taken from ICLEI's CAPPA tool, were applied to a 2020 assumed tree planting goal to
obtain a range of electricity reductions.
ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability. 2012. Climate and Air Pollution Planning
Assistant ( CAPPA) Version 1.5.
Itron, Inc. 2007. California Commercial End -Use Survey— Results Page.
http: // capabilities .itron.com /CeusWeb /Chart.aspx.
Reduction Sources:
KEMA, Inc. 2010.2009 California Residential Appliance Saturation Study, Volume 2: Results.
CEC- 200 - 2010 -004.
U.S. Census Bureau. 2006 -2010 American Community Survey 5 -Year Estimates. Table DP -4:
Selected Housing Characteristics.
• Promote cost - effective opportunities for residents and business owners to install cool
Actions: roofs, light- colored paved surfaces, and permeable pavement.
Applicable Reduction Target: Reduce existing nonresidential electricity use (kWh) to 10% below 2008 levels by 2020
Reduce existing residential electricity use (kWh) to 5% below 2008 levels by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020): - 49,140 to - 122,860
MTCOze Reductions (2020): -10 to -30
Assumed Reduction per 24,570 kWh saved per percent of urban space retrofitted
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020): 6,133,250 to 15,333,120 square feet of urban space
Implementation Time Frame: Mid -Term
Implementing Department(s): Development Services
Used the California Residential Appliance Saturation Study to determine electricity used
Reduction Method: for cooling in the baseline year, then applied cooling rates from SMUD and surface
conversion rates from Santa Rosa.
City of Arcadia. 2010. Land Use Element of Arcadia General Plan.
Reduction Sources: KEMA, Inc. 2010.2009 California Residential Appliance Saturation Study, Volume 2: Results.
CEC- 200 - 2010 -004.
4�4arCadia
• Participate in ongoing regional efforts to promote water conservation.
• Become an Environmental Protection Agency Water Sense Partner and provide water
conservation resources to the community.
• Update the City's water conservation programs (e.g., plumbing retrofit and public
information programs) to reduce water consumption. (Arcadia General Plan: Policy
RS -4.5)
Actions:
Work with project applicants to identify water conservation opportunities in new or
retrofitted buildings.
• Partner with Arcadia Unified School District to provide a water conservation program
for K -12 schools.
• Consider partnering with Los Angeles County to create a citywide recycled water
system to irrigate the Santa Anita golf course, L.A. County Park, and the Arboretum with
reclaimed water.
Applicable Reduction Target:
Comply with AB 32 and Sustainability Element of the General Plan; total GHG emissions to
15% below 2008 levels by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
- 606,390 to - 1,515,970
MTCO2e Reductions (2020):
-150 to -360
4�4arCadia
Assumed Reduction per 10 kWh to 40 kWh per million gallon saved
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020): 1,020 to 2,030 participating households
Implementation Time Frame: Mid -Term
Implementing Department(s): Public Works
Reduction Method:
An assumed number of homes we assumed to undergo water retrofits as a result of an
aggressive outreach campaign.
California Public Utilities Commission. 2005. Southern California Gas Company Annual
Reduction Sources:
Average Natural Gas Rates.
ftp: / /ftp.cpuc.ca.gov /PUC /Energy /Electric /Rates +and +Ta riffs /att4ta ble 1.pdf
• Promote water- efficient landscaping and the use of irrigation controls.
• Provide educational information and install demonstration projects to promote water
Actions:
conservation landscape practices.
• Encourage installation and use of graywater and rainwater harvesting systems to
reduce outdoor potable water use.
pp Target: g
Applicable Reduction
Comply with AB 32 and Sustainability Element of the General Plan; total GHG emissions to
15% below 2008 levels by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
- 727,663 to 909,580
MTCO2e Reductions (2020):
-180 to -230
Assumed Reduction per
4,130 kWh per million gallons
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020):
20,300 participating households
Implementation Time Frame:
Mid -Term
Implementing Department(s):
Development Services and Public Works
An assumed number of homes were calculated to participate in an outdoor water
Reduction Method:
efficiency program. Savings are based on state guidance for urban water management
plans.
California Department of Water Resources. 2004. California's Groundwater Bulletin 118 -
San Gabriel Valley Groundwater Basin. Accessed September 19, 2011.
http: / /www. water. ca. gov / pubs / groundwater/ bulletin_118 /basindescriptions/ 4- 13.pdf.
City of Arcadia. 2011. City of Arcadia Urban Water Management Plan 2010 Update.
Reduction Sources: Accessed October 7, 2011.
http: / /www.ci.arcadia .ca.us /docs /final_2010_uwmp _ u pdate.pdf.
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. 2007. Groundwater Assessment Study —
Report Number 1308. Accessed October 7, 2011.
http: / /www.mwdh2o.com /mwdh2o/ pages /yourwater /supply /groundwater/ gwas.html.
4�4arCadia
• Consider providing incentives to homes and businesses that install water - conserving
appliances.
Actions:
• Require plumbing retrofit improvements of older buildings with water - efficient
plumbing when the unit is sold. (Arcadia General Plan: Policy RS -4.14)
• Coordinate with local business and neighboring cities to arrange for bulk - purchase of
water- conserving appliances at lower rates than available at the individual level.
pp Target: g
Applicable Reduction
Comply with AB 32 and Sustainability Element of the General Plan; total GHG emissions to
15% below 2008 levels by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
- 51,570 to - 103,140
MTCO2e Reductions (2020):
-10 to -20
Assumed Reduction per
50 kWh to 50 kWh per participant
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020):
1,020 to 2,030 participating households
Implementation Time Frame:
Mid -Term
Implementing Department(s):
Public Works
An assumed number of homes were calculated to participate in an indoor water efficiency
Reduction Method:
program which involves replacing old appliances with water efficient versions. Savings are
based ICLEI's CAPPA database.
Reduction Sources:
ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability. 2012. Climate and Air Pollution Planning
Assistant ( CAPPA) Version 1.5.
4�4arCadia
• Require new development to comply with applicable water conservation measures of
the City's Sustainable Practices and the California Green Building Code requirements for
water conservation.
Actions:
Identify opportunities to integrate the public education efforts related to water
efficiency into new development or renovation projects.
• Revise the City's administrative practices as necessary to comply with state building
codes and regulations regarding water efficiency and conservation.
Applicable Reduction Target:
Comply with AB 32 and Sustainability Element of the General Plan; total GHG emissions to
15% below 2008 levels by 2020
kWh Reductions (2020):
Supportive — Not Estimated
MTCOze Reductions (2020):
Supportive — Not Estimated
Assumed Reduction per
Supportive —Not Estimated
Participant:
Performance Target(s) (2020):
Supportive — Not Estimated
Implementation Time Frame:
Mid -Term
Implementing Department(s):
Development Services
Reduction Method:
Supportive — Not Applicable
Reduction Sources:
Supportive — Not Applicable