HomeMy WebLinkAboutSection IV - Architectural SylesE�
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ARCHITECTURAL STYLES
In preparing the Historic Resource Survey Report for Arcadia, we referred to the
following architectural styles I:
➢ Art Deco (1920-1940)
Smooth wall surface, usually of stucco; zigzags, chevrons, and other stylized and
geometric motifs occur as decorative elements on fagade; towers and other
vertical projections above the roof line give a vertical emphasis.
➢ Art Moderne (1920-1940)
Identifying features are a smooth wall surface, usually of stucco; flat roof, usually
with small ledge at roof line; horizontal grooves or lines in walls and horizontal
balustrade elements give a horizontal emphasis; facade usually asymmetrical.
➢ Colonial Revival (1880-1955)
Identifying features are an accentuated front door, normally with decorative
crown supported by pilasters, or extended forward and supported by slender
columns to form entry porch; fagade normally shows symmetrically balanced
windows and center door.
➢ Contemporary (ca. 1940-80)
This style has two subtypes: flat roof or gabled roof. The flat -roofed subtype
resembles the International style in having flat roofs and no decorative detailing,
but lacks the stark white stucco wall surfaces, which are usually replaced by
various combinations of wood, brick, or stone. The gabled subtype features
overhanging eaves, frequently with exposed roof beams. Heavy piers may
support gables. Traditional detailing is absent.
➢ Craftsman (1905-1930)
Identifying features include low-pitched, gabled roof with wide, unenclosed eave
overhang; roof rafters usually exposed; decorative beams or braces commonly
added under gables; full or partial -width porch, with porch roof supported by
tapered square columns. The columns are sometimes supported by pedestals and
sometimes extend through the porch to ground level.
➢ Folk (ca. 1850 -present)
There are six National Folk subtypes from the early to mid -20th century. Two are
discussed in this report.
■ The I -house family is characterized by a building plan two rooms wide
and one room deep. These houses are usually two stories with wood
construction
■ The Pyramidal family consists of massed -plan houses, square in shape,
covered by pyramid -shaped roofs
' Taken from A Field Guide to American Houses, 2000, by Virginia and Lee McAlester
ow. ➢ Folk Victorian (1870-1910)
Identifying features are porches with spindlework detailing or flat, jigsaw cut trim
appended to National Folk house forms; symmetrical facade usual; cornice -line
brackets are common.
➢ French Eclectic (1915-1945)
Identifying features include a tall, steeply pitched hipped roof without dominant
front -facing cross gable; eaves commonly flared upward at roof -wall junction;
brick, stone, or stucco wall cladding, sometimes with decorative half-timbering.
➢ International (1925 -present)
Identifying features are a flat roof, usually without ledge at roof line; windows set
flush with outer wall; smooth, unornamented wall surfaces with no decorative
detailing at doors or windows; facade asymmetrical.
➢ Minimal Traditional (ca.1935-50)
Dominant front gable and massive chimneys, with simplified facades.
➢ Mission (1890-1920)
Identifying features are a mission -shaped dormer or roof parapet; commonly with
red tile roof covering; widely overhanging eaves; porch roofs supported by large,
square piers, commonly arched above; wall surface usually smooth stucco.
➢ Modern (ca. 1935 -present )
There are five common Modern sub -types, all of which are reflected in this report:
Minimal Traditional, Ranch, Split -Level, Contemporary and Shed. They share
simplified forms and moderate or low pitched roof lines.
➢ Monterey (1925-1955)
Identifying features are two stories, with low-pitched gabled roof; second -story
balcony, usually cantilevered and covered by principal roof.
➢ Neoclassical (1895-1950)
Identifying features are a fagade dominated by full -height porch with roof
supported by classical columns; columns typically have Ionic or Corinthian
capitals; fagade shows symmetrically balanced windows and center door.
➢ Neocolonial (ca. 1950 -present)
Similar features to the Colonial Revival style, but no attempts are made to mimic
original detailing. Colonial door surrounds, colonnaded entry porches, and
dentiled cornices are used. Facades are usually symmetrical, but they usually lack
regularly space patterns of window placement.
➢ Neo -Mediterranean (ca. 1970 -present)
Designs loosely based on Spanish Eclectic and Mission precedents or the Italian
Renaissance style.
➢ Neo -Tudor (ca. 1965 -present)
Identifying features are a dominant front -facing gable with steeply pitched roof,
slender windows, frequently in groups of four or more and sometimes with
diamond-shaped panes.
➢ Prairie (1900-1920)
Identifying features are low-pitched roof, usually hipped, with widely
overhanging eaves; two stories, with one-story wings on porches; eaves, cornices,
and facade detailing emphasizing horizontal lines; often with massive, square
porch supports.
➢ Ranch (ca. 1935-1975)
Asymmetrical one-story shapes with low-pitched roofs; moderate or wide eave
overhang, either boxed or open. Both wooden and brick wall cladding are used,
sometimes in combination; ribbon windows and large picture windows frequent.
➢ Spanish Eclectic (1915-1940)
Identifying features include a low-pitched roof, usually with little or no eave
overhang; red tile roof covering; typically with one or more prominent arches
placed above door or principal window, or beneath porch roof; wall surface
usually stucco; fagade normally asymmetrical.
➢ Split Level (ca. 1955-1975)
A multi -story modification of the one-story Ranch house, adding a two-story unit
intercepted at mid -height by a one-story wing to make three floor levels of
interior space. Mixed wall cladding is common.
➢ Tudor (1890-1940)
Identifying features are steeply pitched roof; fagade dominated by one or more
prominent cross gables; decorative half-timbering; massive chimneys, crowned by
decorative chimney pots.
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