HomeMy WebLinkAboutProtected Tree Report I
Protected Tree Report:
Tree Survey, Encroachment,
Protection and Mitigation
with
• Discussion of Other
Significant Trees On Site
28 W. Norman Avenue
Arcadia, CA 91007
Prepared For: H&C Design Group, Inc.
c/o Mr. Brian Chen
32 W. Magna Vista Avenue
Arcadia, CA 91007
Tel/Fax: (626) 445-6228
Email: HCdesign32@gmail.com
Prepared By: Michael Crane
Arbor Care, Inc.
P.O. Box 51122
Pasadena, CA 91115
Tel/Fax: (626) 737-4007
Email: info@arborcareinc.net
November 2015
I
Table of Contents
Summary of Data 1
Background and Purpose of Report 1
Project Location and Description 2
Observations&Analysis 4
Tree Characteristics&Health Matrix 5
Construction Impact Matrix 6
Findings 7
Recommendations 7
Appendix A-Photos 9
Appendix B—Proposed Landscape Design 11
Appendix C—Other Significant Trees 12
Appendix B - Protected Tree Construction Impact Guidelines 14
Author's Certifications 20
Certification of Performance 21
Topographic Site Plan Pocket at back
Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
SUMMARY OF DATA
Total number of live Protected Trees on property including street trees
located in the adjacent public right-of-way area 0
Total number of off-site Protected Trees with canopies(driplines)
encroaching onto the property 1
Total number of dead or nearly dead Protected Trees on site 0
Total number of live Protected Trees to be preserved 1
Total number of live Protected Trees to be removed 0
Total number of Protected Trees to be relocated to on-site locations c)
Total number of Protected Trees to be impacted
by construction within dripline(encroached) 1
Total number of live Protected Trees with no dripline encroachments 0
Total number of proposed mitigation trees to be planted on site 0
BACKGROUND & PURPOSE
I was retained by the Project Manager,Mr. Brian Chen, of. H&C Design Group, Inc.,to be the
consulting arborist for the planned redevelopment of the property located at 28 W.Norman Ave.,
Arcadia. There is a Protected Tree located on the property. The proposed construction may
impact this tree and this report will serve to both notify the City of Arcadia Planning Division of
the extent of the potential impacts as well as to inform the builder of the proper protection
measures which must be taken in order to preserve it. As part of my preparation for this report I
made a site visit to the property on November 25, 2015. I met with Mr. Chen at that time to view
and discuss the proposed construction plans as they relate to the preservation of the Protected
Tree. We also discussed the status of other significant non-protected trees on the property for
consideration as candidates for preservation.
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Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
PROJECT LOCATION, DESCRIPTION & TREE ORDINANCE
W Pamela Rd m
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Real Ave
W Camino Real Ave E Camino Real Ave
W wanme Way
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n!a Amts Park
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W Longden Ave
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The property is just west of S. Santa Anita Ave., two blocks south of W. Camino
Real Ave. Above map courtesy of Apple Maps.
The property consists of a one story single-family residence that appears to be in fair condition.
The home will be demolished and the property redeveloped into a two story single family home.
The landscape is maintained and is in fair condition. Most of the trees on the property appear
to be in fair condition and the Protected Tree appears to be in good health. The landscape will
be renovated and the Protected Tree will be incorporated into the new design.
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Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
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This aerial view (courtesy of Apple Maps) has been illustrated to show the
approximate boundary lines (orange). The location of the Protected Tree is
numbered in yellow.
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Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
City of Arcadia Tree Ordinance
On January 21, 1992 the City Council adopted Ordinance No. 1962 recognizing oak trees as
significant aesthetic and ecological resources and establishing criteria for the preservation of
oak trees. The regulations(Chapter 7 of the Arcadia Municipal Code)provide that the
following oak trees shall not be removed,relocated, damaged,or have their protected zones
encroached upon unless an Oak Tree Permit is granted:
• Engelmann Oaks(Quercus engelmannii) or Coast Live Oak, California Live Oak
(Quercus agrifolia)which have a trunk diameter larger than four(4)inches measured at
a point four and one half(4 '/Z)feet above the crown root, or,two (2)or more trunks
measuring three (3)inches each or greater in diameter,measured at a point four and one
half(4 '/Z)feet above the crown root.
• Any other living oak tree with a trunk diameter larger than twelve(12)inches measured
at a point four and one half(4 '/2) feet above the crown root,or,two(2)or more trunks
measuring ten(10)inches each or greater in diameter measured at a point four and one
half(4 '/2) feet above the crown root.
• Any Western Sycamore (Platanus racemosa).
FIELD OBSERVATIONS & DESIGN ANALYSIS
Refer to Site Plan located in pocket at back of this report,Tree Characteristics and
Health Matrix on page 5,Construction Impacts Matrix on page 6; Photos in Appendix A,
page 8; and Landscape Design Section in Appendix B,page 10
Analysis regarding rootzone impacts are based on the type of impact,e.g, soil compaction,
grading,and excavation; as well as the distance from the trunk that the impacts will occur. It is
commonly accepted among professional arborists that a distance equal to three times a trunks
diameter contains the structural roots responsible for keeping the tree upright. This critical
rootzone area is defined as the root plate. Beyond the root plate the roots typically taper off into
smaller, less significant sizes. These smaller roots are usually two inches in diameter or smaller
and make up the rootmass responsible for water and nutrient uptake. Although roots of these
sizes can be cut without significantly impacting health and stability it is advised that no more
than 30 percent of the rootmass within the dripline is severed. The bulk of the rootmass is
located within the top three feet of soil and root growth slows or halts when soil bulk density
exceeds 1.60 g/cm3 for most soils. More information regarding rootzone impacts is provided in
the Excavation and Root Pruning section of the Construction Impact Guidelines,Appendix B.
Tree#1 —42" coast live oak: Located in the backyard area on the west property line. No
dripline encroachments will occur for excavation and recompaction for the foundation or for any
grading required for hardscape. The excavation and recompaction will come as close as 35 feet
from the trunk and hardscape will be built as close as 30 feet; and all of the nearest infrastructure
will be built in the footprint of the existing swimming pool. The existing chain link fence on the
west property line closest to the trunk will be removed and replaced with a vinyl fence set of
posts. The existing concrete block wall on the south property line will remain. Landscape
renovations will encroach,which include a mulched 15-foot radius and artificial turf.
4
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Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
OBSERVATIONS
This chart includes all Protected Trees that are either located on or encroaching onto the property. It provides physical data collected
from field observations. The trees have been surveyed and numbers correspond to the Site Plan included in this report.
TREE CHARACTERISTICS & HEALTH MATRIX
ri A RAU 1 LK" HEALTH
``' CROWN AGE ,... SHOS- VIGO'
s
SIZE" FORM -
CLASS CLASS ., !.f , ,g' _._..
0 Uz o
L4 w ^ ^ p�U z Q W r� 1 0a W '44 / W 0 4 0 4 U a 0 4
0s
SPECIES ~".t4 E—, cn E—, ! 'tC 4
w w wc40O o O O
QU � w pp a 0 Q w w g A i O p 0 0 0
w � 4 gw
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o z w ¢ 3 z O o
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E. a ¢ AQ a
1 Quercus agrifolia 42 40 50 X X X _X X X X
5
• • • •
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TREE NUMBER
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z
CD EA rn
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N TRUNK DIAMETER(DBH) O � O 0 a
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$ CONDITION p R° H
cl. z9, 2
Sides of tree where excavation n • ni
(six inches or deeper) will occur H R.g
5' a. -+
Sides where excavation impacts are 0 m
buffered by existing infrastructure x) z g• cl. a
o, tion,, 0 — c o
iiiiiiiiiiiiimite) XDBS Ho a g
Excavation will remain a distance O CD 0
of at least 3 X DBH from trunk rzn ,w
IIIMPINFIRIFFIroach trot R H Ae. .o
E plate (3 X DBH) from trunk V1 a Y c
n � a
Removal or Relocation H a c a
F.
Additional light grading less than H b,ID •
6" deep to occur within dripline o g
A Estimated % of total root mass y a 4
o to be removed or severed o 4.
11/101101111111.111.11111111111.111.11.11 -11111r- X ca. co
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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Pruning not to exceed 10% --c • o A
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Pruning not to exceed 30° n g �o• g w 7
Number of cuts larger than3" " VD b
C.)
oCD o _
in diameter required U
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Diameter of cuts for branch removals 0
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Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
FINDINGS
As with many construction projects, soil compaction is the most preventable impact that will
need to be monitored in order to provide reliable protection and long-term preservation of the
trees. To prevent unnecessary soil compaction a protective fence must be installed around
the Protected Tree before any demolition occurs. The goal is to enclose the largest possible
amount of space underneath the tree so that the heavy equipment required for demolition and
construction can be routed away from root zone. The recommended fence placement is
drawn with a dashed line on the Site Plan of this report. The main haul route for the
demolition phase and into most of the construction phase shall be the existing driveway area
located on the opposite side of the property from the Protected Tree.
• All encroachments are tolerable. All deep excavation required for the building pad,
hardscape and all other infrastructure will remain a distance of at least ten times the
trunks diameter, which is a very tolerable distance for root pruning an oak tree.
• The landscape renovations under the dripline are tolerable and appropriate as long as
the work is done in a professional manner. No compacting of the base material for
the artificial turf shall occur.This is a typical but unnecessary process in
installing artificial turf that has the potential of causing devastating effects on
the tree's rootzone. A section of the proposed landscape plan showing the dripline
area of the Protected Oak Tree is located in Appendix B,page 11.
• No pruning of the live crown is required to complete the project and none is
recommended for the tree's safety, structure or health.
• A Jacaranda located in the front yard is not a good candidate for preservation because
it had been improperly headed and most of the branches are poorly attached; and
decay is visible on most limbs. A Norfolk Island Pine located in the front yard is
poorly located for its eventual extremely large mature size,and is also not a good
candidate for preservation. Most of the fruit trees on the property are overmature and
in decline and should be removed at this time. A mature Avocado in the back yard, is
however, in good health and condition and is a good candidate for preservation. A
full survey of all trees located on the property in included on a table located on the
site plan included in this report. All trees are accurately plotted on the plan. Photos
that illustrate the defects in the front yard trees are located in Appendix C,page 12.
RECOMMENDATIONS
• Prior to demolition the contractor and consulting arborist shall meet on site to make sure
fences are properly placed and installed and to review the goals for the tree protection plan.
The location of the protective fence is drawn with a dashed line on the Site Plan
included in this report.
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P Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
• Tree Protection Zone fence shall be at least four feet tall and constructed of chain link
fencing secured on metal posts.
• Maintain the fence throughout the completion of the project. No staging of materials or
equipment or washing-out is to occur within the fenced protected zone.
• The removal of the existing vegetation near the Protected Tree shall be done by hand. No
rototilling or other deep cultivation or grading shall occur within the dripline.
• Refer to the Construction Impact Guidelines in Appendix D for important general
preservation measures concerning the different elements of this project.
I
•
8
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110
Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
APPENDIX A —Photos of the Protected Tree
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PHOTO: Looking south at the Protected Tree from the back yard.
9
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0 Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
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ABOVE: Looking west. The existing chain ling property line fence will be
removed and replaced with a vinyl fence set on posts. BELOW: The Area
under the oak will be renovated. A 15-foot radius of mulched and non-irrigated
area will be installed around the trunk and artificial turf beyond that. There are
several fruit trees in the back yard, most which are overmature and poor
candidates for preservation.
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10
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P Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
APPENDIX B —Proposed Landscape Design
I
is• OAK pLAt fe}tO7t;GTIONlN&OR NE
NO NEW p�p,�tTIRRIGZOATION P4
I THE OAK 'TREE gR,OTEGTION ZOP'E
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EX15T105 OAK TREE TO REMAIN
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EXi5TIN6 OAK TRE! DR lig ' 4 4 _.---- if-77-4% .111644.3114,_
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ABOVE: A section of the proposed landscape plan that shows what will be
installed under the dripline. An area within 15 feet of the trunk will be
unplanted and non-irrigated with chipped bark mulch or similar material
installed in the 15-foot radius. Beyond the mulched area artificial turf will be
installed. The existing chain link fence on the west property line, closest to the
trunk, will be removed and replaced with a vinyl fence set on posts. The
existing concrete block wall on the south property line will remain. The two
trees that are located in the mulched area are existing fruit trees that are
overmature and are not good candidates for preservation.
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P Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
APPENDIX C — Other Significant Trees
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ABOVE: Looking south at the front yard area from the street. The Jacaranda on
the left is in poor structural condition. The Norfolk Island Pine is poorly located
for the species expected mature size. Neither tree is a good candidate for
preservation. BELOW: All of the branches on the Jacaranda are similar to this
one: Previously headed, with decay and many poorly attached small branches.
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II
M Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
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41,0 ABOVE: Another one of the Jacaranda limbs. An excessive amount of decay
on the large headed branches makes the tree a high risk of failure. Many of the
small, poorly attached branches have failed. The tree should be removed and
replaced as part of the property's redevelopment.
I
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Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
APPENDIX D - Protected Tree Construction Impact Guidelines
Size and Distribution of Tree Roots—Taken from Arboriculture, Integrated Management
of Landscape Trees Shrubs and Vines. Harris, R.W., Clark, J.W., Matheny N.P. Prentice
Hall 2004.
Roots of most plants, including large trees, grow primarily in the top meter(3 ft) of soil (see
figure below). Most plants concentrate the majority of their small absorbing roots in the
upper 150 mm(6 in.)of soil if the surface is protected by a mulch or forest litter. In the
absence of a protective mulch,exposed bare soil can become so hot near the surface that
roots do not grow in the upper 200 to 250 mm(8 to 10 in.). Under forest and many
landscape situations,however, soil near the surface is most favorable for root growth. In
Il
addition,roots tend to grow at about the same soil depth regardless of the slope of the soil
surface.
Although root growth is greatly influenced by soil conditions, individual roots seem to have
an inherent guidance mechanism. Large roots with vigorous tips usually grow horizontally.
Similar roots lateral to the large roots grow at many angles to the vertical,and some grow up
into the surface soil. However, few roots in a root system actually grow down.
P'
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` Depth In ft. 1 Depth in meters
�'� �•' 1 ' t= =-*.-. -i 0.5
2
4 4 -{- 1.0
5 1 1.5
FIGURE In mature trees, the taproot is either lost or reduced in size. The vast majority of the root system is
:omposed of horizontally oriented lateral roots.
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Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
The importance of soil
Soil supports and anchors tree roots and provides water,minerals and oxygen. Furthermore,
soil is a habitat for soil microorganisms that enhance root function. A soil's ability to sustain
tree growth is largely determined by its texture, structure (bulk density), organic matter,
water and mineral content, salinity, aeration,and soil-microbe abundance and diversity.
Soil physical properties
Soil texture—the relative proportion of sand, silt and clay,is important because it affects
water—and nutrient-holding capacity, drainage and aeration(gaseous diffusion). Soil
structure is the arrangement of individual soil particles into clumps (aggregates). The net
result is the formulation of larger voids between the aggregates which serve as channels for
111 gaseous diffusion, movement of water and root penetration. Unfortunately, soil aggregates
are readily destroyed by activities that compact the soil (increase bulk density). When this
occurs, gaseous exchange,permeability,drainage and root growth are restricted.
The influence of the organic matter content of soil properties is quiet significant. Its
decomposition by soil organisms releases substances that bind soil particles into larger
granules,which improves both soil aeration, and drainage. In essence,the breakdown of
organic matter improves water—and nutrient-holding capacity and reduces bulk density.
Furthermore, it is the primary source of nitrogen and a major source of nitrogen and a major
source of phosphorus and sulfur. Without organic matter soil organisms could not survive
and most biochemical processes in the soil would cease.
Soil aeration,the movement and the availability of oxygen, is determined by both soil texture
and structure. In general, compacted and finer soils,due to a higher proportion of small pore
spaces (micropores),tend to drain slowly and hold less air than coarser, sandy,or well-
structured find soils. Water retained in the small pores displaces oxygen and inhibits gaseous
diffusion.
The availability of soil water is largely determined by the size of the pore spaces between the
soil particles and the larger aggregates in which water is held. Most of the water in the larger
pore spaces drains readily due to gravitational forces. A relatively thin film of water,which
is readily available to plant roots,remains following drainage. Much of water held within the
smaller pore spaces resists uptake by plant roots because it is held tightly on the soil surfaces.
Plant roots require an adequate supply of oxygen for development. Injury or dysfunction
results when oxygen availability drops below a critical level. Root respiration is the first
process to be restricted, followed by disruptions in growth,metabolism, nutrient and water
uptake,and photosynthesis. Furthermore,the accumulation of high levels of carbon dioxide,
produced by the roots during respiration can also impair root function. Reduced soil aeration
resulting from soil compaction,flooding,excess irrigation,or impervious pavement favors
the development of crown rot(Phytophthora root disease). It also inhibits mycorrhizal fungi
that enhance water and nutrient uptake and resist root pathogens.
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r Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
The forest floor under a canopy in most undeveloped forests and woodland settings is
typically covered by a layer of fallen leaves and other woody debris. It is usually cool,
shady, well-aerated, and relatively moist—conditions that favor normal root growth. When
the natural leaf litter is removed and when a tree's lower canopy is pruned up to provide
clearance,the absorbing roots in the upper few inches of the soil experience higher soil
temperatures and increased desiccation due to direct exposure to sunlight.
Minimizing the Effects of Construction and Development on Tree Root Systems
Activities that injure roots or adversely affect the root zone should be avoided or kept as far
from the trunk as possible. Design changes or alternative building practices that avoid or
minimize construction-related impacts should be considered and proposed when applicable.
Soil Compaction
Soils are intentionally compacted under structures, sidewalks,reads,parking areas, and load-
bearing fill to prevent subsidence, and to prevent soil movement on slopes. Although
unintentional, soil within the root zone of trees is often compacted by unrestricted foot
traffic, parking of vehicles, operation of heavy equipment,and during installation of fill.
Compaction destroys the soil's natural porosity by eliminating much of the air space
contained within it. It leaves the soil hardm impenetrable and largely unfavorable for root
growth. The soil's natural porosity,which allows for water movement and storage, gaseous
exchange,and root penetration, is greatly reduced. Consequently,root growth and tree
health suffer. Soil compaction is best managed by preventing it.
Bulk density is used to describe a soil's porosity, or the amount of space between soil
particles and aggregates. High bulk densities indicate a low percentage of total pore space.
Pavement
Paving over the root systems of trees is another serious problem because it reduces the
gaseous diffusion and soil moisture. Most paving materials are relatively impervious to
water penetration and typically divert water away from a tree's root zone. Cracks and
expansion joints do,though,allow for some water infiltration into the soil below. Of greater
concern, is the loss of roots from excavation to achieve the required grade, and the necessary
compaction to prevent subsidence. Once the soil surface is compacted, a base material is
then added and compacted as well. With that done,the surface can then be paved. Thus,
pavement within the root zones of trees can damage roots and create unfavorable soil
conditions. One alternative to minimize pavement impacts is to consider placing the
pavement on the natural grade over a layer of minimally compacted base material. To reduce
sub-grade compaction,consider using reinforced concrete or asphalt over a goetextile blanket
to help stabilize the soil. On-grade patios or paving that covers more than one-third of the
tree protection zone(TPZ) should be constructed using permeable materials that allow
aeration and water penetration. Soil under permeable surfaces should not be compacted to
more than 80 percent.
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Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
Excavation and root pruning
Excavation within the root zones of trees should be avoided as much as possible. The extent
of root pruning(selective)or cutting(non-selective) should be based on the species growth
characteristics and adaptive traits, environmental conditions,age, health, crown size, density,
live crown ration and structural condition of the tree. The timing of the root pruning or
cutting is another important consideration. Moderate to severe root loss during droughts or
particularly hot periods can cause serious water-deficit injury or death.
When root pruning/cutting is unavoidable, roots should be pruned or cut as far from the
trunk as possible. Cutting roots on more than one side of a tree should also be avoided. Root
cutting extending more than half-way around a tree should generally be no closer than about
10 times the trunk diameter. Recommended distances range from as little as 6 times trunk
diameter(DBH) for young trees to 12 times trunk diameter for mature trees. The size of the
TPZ should,however,be increased for over mature and declining trees and species that are
sensitive to root loss.
The minimum distance from the trunk that roots can be cut on one side of the tree without
destabilizing it, is a distance equal to about three times the diameter(DBH) of the trunk.
Roots severed within that distance provide little or no structural support. Root pruning or
cutting distances from the trunk should be greater for trees that lean and/or those growing on
shallow or wet soil.
In cases where the proposed grading will adversely affect trees designated for retention,
special attention should be given to proper root pruning and post-construction care for
injured trees. Where structural footings are required for foundations,retaining walls,etc.,
and roots larger than 2 inches in diameter will be impacted,consider design changes or
alternative building methods.
When excavation within 5 times trunk diameter is unavoidable,roots greater than 1 %2 inches
in diameter should be located prior to excavation and then pruned to avoid unnecessary
damage. Hand digging or use of a hydraulic or pneumatic soil excavation tool is the least
disruptive way to locate roots for pruning. Although mechanical root pruners make clean
cuts,they are non-selective. A backhoe bucket, dozer blade or trencher will typically pull,
rip or shatter the larger root, causing additional damage toward the tree. Once the roots that
interfere with the structure being built, e.g., foundations, footings,retaining wall, curbs,etc.,
are exposed,they should then be cut perpendicular to their long axis using a hand-saw,
`carbide-tipped chainsaw' or sharp ax,depending on size. Roots that are pruned in this
manner typically regenerate new roots from near the cut. Roots exposed by excavation
should be protected from exposure to sun and desiccation. Exposed roots that can not be
covered with soil by the end of the day should be covered with moistened burlap or similar
material.
Roots can generally be cut in a non-selective manner when excavating near of beyond the
dripline. Ripped, splintered or fractured portions of roots however, should be re-cut. The
damaged portion should be removed using sharp tools. The cut should be flat across the root
17
Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
with the adjacent bark intact. Wound dressings should not be applied to pruned or damaged
roots except when recommended for disease, insect or sprout control.
The best approach to avoid water-deficit injury following root loss during the growing season
is to provide ample irrigation. Irrigation should be considered prior to, during, and after root
pruning. Watering schedules should also consider local soil conditions, climate,topography,
time of year, species adaptability, extent of root pruning and tree health. If possible, irrigate
the tree 7 to 10 days prior to excavation so that there is an adequate reservoir of soil water.
Water can be delivered to large construction sites via water-tank trucks and applied directly
to affected trees or stored nearby in plastic tanks. On relatively flat terrain, a 6 to 8 inch soil
berm at the tree's dripline should be constructed to act as a watering basin. On steep terrain,
soaker hoses should be used. They can be placed across the slope or spirally around the
trunk, from about six feet away to the dripline. In addition, a two to four inch layer of wood
chip mulch should be applied to as much of the root zone as possible to retard soil water loss.
Pruning foliage to compensate for root loss is not supported by scientific research and likely
to result in slower recovery. Fertilization to stimulate root growth is generally unwarranted
and may be counterproductive.
Trenching within the Tree Protection Zone
Trenching for underground utilities should be routed around the TPZ. When this is
unavoidable,trenching within the TPZ should be done by `hand' or using a pneumatic or
hydraulic soil excavation tool, carefully working around larger roots. Roots larger than
1 %2 inches in diameter should not be cut. Dig below these roots to route utilities or install
drains. A combination of tools can also produce satisfactory results, for example, a skillful
backhoe operator under the arborist's supervision can dig down several inches at a time and
detect larger roots by `feel' (resistance). At that point, as assistant can expose the root and
dig around it. In this manner,the backhoe can then continue extending the trench though the
TPZ. Tunneling(boring)through the TPZ is the preferable alternative. For most large trees,
tunneling depth should be at least 36 inches. Tunneling should begin at the edge of the TPZ,
but no closer than a distance equal to one foot of clearance for each inch of tree DBH.
Tunnels should also be offset to either side of the trunk. For trenching that extends only part
way into TPZ,consider trenching radially to the tree trunk, as this is less harmful than
tangential trenching. All trenches made within the TPZ should be backfilled as quickly as
possible to prevent root and soil desiccation.
Managing Root Injured Trees
Root-pruned trees should be monitored for symptoms of water-deficit injury for a specified
period following root pruning. Irrigation should be considered prior to, during, and after root
pruning. Irrigation schedules should consider local soil conditions, climate,topography,time
of year, species tolerance,extent of root pruning and tree health.
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Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
Grade Change: Fill Soil
Fill soil placed within the root zones of trees can have an adverse effect,particularly if the
soil is compacted to support a structure or pavement. Soil compaction reduces aeration and
water infiltration. Fill soil, die to textural changes,can also prevent water from penetrating
the original soil layer below where the roots are. Furthermore, soil placed against the root
crown and lower trunk can lead to root disease problems, especially if the soil near the trunk
remains moist during the summer from irrigation. Alternatives to placing fills over roots
zones shall be considered and proposed as appropriate.
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19
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Having successluay completed the regaxements estaokshed oy the Ceridicabce Board of the Internayonal Michael Crane, RCA #440 n
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Protected Tree Report: Survey Encroachment and Protection Plan
28 W.Norman Ave.,Arcadia,CA 91007
Michael Crane,RCA#440.November 2015
CERTIFICATION OF PERFORMANCE
I,Michael Crane, certify that:
• I have personally inspected the tree(s)and the property referred to in this report and have
stated my fmdings accurately.
• I have no current or prospective interest in the vegetation or the property that is the
subject of this report and have no personal interest or bias with respect to the parties
involved.
• The analysis, opinions, and conclusions stated herein are my own and are based on
current scientific procedures and facts.
• My analysis, opinions, and conclusions were developed and this report has been prepared
according to commonly accepted arboricultural practices.
• No one provided significant professional assistance to me, except as indicated within the
report.
• My compensation is not contingent upon the reporting of a predetermined conclusion that
favors the cause of the client or any other party not upon the results of the assessment,the
attainment of stipulated results, or the occurrence of any subsequent events.
I further certify that I am a member in good standing of the American Society of
Consulting Arborists and the International Society of Arboriculture. I have been
involved in the field of Horticulture in a full-time capacity for a period of more than 25
years.
(„/"(.:
Signed:
Registered Consulting Arborist#440; American Society of Consulting Arborist
Board Certified Master Arborist#WE 6643B; International Society of Arboriculture
Licensed California Agricultural Pest Control Adviser#AA08269
November 29, 2015
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Date:
21