HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem No. 2- Policy 20-01_ Modify policy downtown office usesPage 1 of 5
DATE: February 11, 2020
TO: Honorable Chairman and Planning Commission
FROM: Jason Kruckeberg, Assistant City Manager/Development Services Director
Lisa L. Flores, Planning & Community Development Administrator
SUBJECT: POLICY 20-01 - TEMPORARILY MODIFY NON-CONFORMING
USE POLICY TO ALLOW FLEXIBILTY FOR PROPERTY
OWNERS IN THE “DOWNTOWN” COMMERCIAL ZONES
(DOWNTOWN MIXED USE, MIXED-USE, COMMERCIAL
MANUFACTURING AND CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT)
Recommendation: Forward a Recommendation to the City
Council Approving the Administrative Policy Change
SUMMARY
In the past several years, there have been a number of changes to the allowable
land uses in certain commercial zones in the City. In general, these changes
were focused on Downtown Arcadia and we re geared toward attempting to
attract or retain active land uses by requiring certain uses (e.g. general office) be
restricted only to the upper levels of buildings. These changes were
recommended by the Downtown Arcadia Improvement Association with the goal
of establishing a vibrant downtown area over time, and they were approved by
the City Council as part of the overall adoption of the new Development C ode in
2016. Now, three years after implementation of these changes, there are some
modifications proposed to ensure that buildings do not sit vacant.
It is recommended that the City’s policies related to the timing of non-conforming
uses be modified to allow more flexibility to property owners as they replace uses
within their buildings. Rather than making these changes through a formal text
amendment, it is recommended that this modification be made at the policy level.
BACKGROUND
In 2016, the Downtown Arcadia Improvement Association (DAIA) recommended
a series of changes to zoning in the Downtown , with the stated goal being the
Policy No. 20-01
February 11, 2020
Page 2 of 5
creation of a vibrant downtown area. The belief from the DAIA was that the City’s
zoning at the time was too permissive, and allowed too broad of a range of land
uses to fill tenant spaces. The DAIA believed that uses such as general and
professional offices, medical offices, service-related uses, and the like were
creating “functional vacancies” in the Downtown, and not helping to promote an
active, vibrant streetscape.
The DAIA’s recommendations were included into the City’s Development Code
Update project in 2016 and were approved as land use regulations. The most
dramatic change that these new regulations imposed was to prohibit general and
professional office uses on the ground floor of buildings in the Central Busines s
District and Mixed Use Zones. To a lesser degree, similar prohibitions on medical
office uses and industrial uses in certain areas have also been a focus of
questions and concerns.
To restrict buildings to retail, commercial, or similar “active” uses is a common
zoning method used to try to create a vibrant area. This zoning tool has been
used in many cities successfully to direct uses lik e restaurants and retailers into
certain areas. However, other external factors must be present for restrictive
zoning to work in this capacity. Some of these factors include: a strong market for
retail and restaurant, building stock that is easily retrofitted or modified to allow
the provision of these uses, existing foot traffic, and the presence of “anchors”.
Over the past three years, it has been clear that several of these factors simply
have not been present in Downtown Arcadia.
Although the recommendation from the DAIA was well reasoned, the results of
this policy change have been mixed. For example, we have had several uses
that have come in as “retail” but, once approved, they act as a functional
vacancy, never opening their doors or conducting business. In these cases, the
tenants pay rent, but they receive no obvious customers, and they do nothing to
promote or enhance the Downtown. This has been a source of frustration for the
DAIA, the Staff, and residents. Cities typically do not have an automatic
mechanism to require that these uses actually operate as retail. A city can go
through the process of revoking a business license for operating a use that was
not described on the license, but that does not necessarily exten d to a use that
simply does not open their doors, or has limited or no customer interaction. On
the opposite side of this equation, the current regulations are not allowing an
office use that would likely open its doors, conduct business, and have
customers. Essentially, our land use controls are not always working toward the
intended goal if “retail” uses are closed and contribute nothing, and office uses
are not allowed because they are deemed not active enough.
Despite these notable issues, it is not the recommendation of the Staff to change
the allowable land uses. It takes time for a commercial district to evolve and
change and three years is not a long enough time horizon. However, where this
issue becomes most clear is when EXISTING office uses or medical or industrial
Policy No. 20-01
February 11, 2020
Page 3 of 5
uses vacate a building. A strict interpretation of the current Code would require
that, after a 90-day period of inactivity, these uses are no longer allowable and
must transition to a more “active” use. These circumstances are difficult for a
property owner and this is the focus of this policy change.
ANALYSIS
As alluded to above, the largest issue with the change to the regulations has
been the prohibition of office uses on the ground level of buildings. There have
been several properties where representatives have requested to change a
commercial or retail use to office and have been at the end of the 90-day period.
This has led to confusion on the part of owners and associated real estate
professionals given that office uses are common in the Downtown and, in fact,
may be located next door or in similar buildings to the use that is trying to
transition. Despite this, in these cases, the prohibition on office uses is the
direction that the Staff has taken if the 90-day nonconforming use period is
shown to have elapsed.
The other question that has arisen from time to time is for EXISTING office uses,
and whether these uses can change to a new office use without needing to
adhere to the prohibition on ground floor office uses. This question is more
difficult to answer because there is some confusion as to the original intent of the
rules, and the Development Code did not specifically address this situation. It is
certainly acknowledged that the retrofitting and reorganization needed to change
a building that was built as an office building and has been used as an office
building is challenging and costly. Turning these spaces into a restaurant for
example, is very difficult. Partially because of this, when office buildings are
coming on the market, there is little to no interest in changing them to more
“active uses”. This raises the question of if it was the intent of the change in land
use regulations to require that these buildings be converted to a different use.
Recently, the Development Services Department has faced this issue several
times. In these cases, the continuation of office uses was allowed because these
properties fell within the guidelines of a continuation of a non -conforming use.
However, the question remains, if an existing use does not fall within the non -
conforming use regulations, what is the City’s policy?
Since the original recommendation came from the DAIA, these issues were
presented to the DAIA at their Regular Board Meeting on November 14, 2019.
While the Board discussed the issue in detail at that meeting, they directed the
issue to one of their subcommittees, the Business Attraction Retention Planning
& Development Opportunities Committee. Following this committee’s discussion,
the full Board voted to pass along the following recommendations at their
meeting on December 12, 2019:
Policy No. 20-01
February 11, 2020
Page 4 of 5
Question #1: Was the prohibition on ground-level office uses in the
CBD and MU zones intended to apply to ALL existing buildings, or
should buildings currently occupied by office uses be allowed to
retain that use beyond the allowed 90-day nonconforming use
period?
Recommendation: Allow existing professional office spaces to retain
nonconforming status beyond 90 days until such time that the district is
determined to be vibrant enough that the underlying economics begin to
support voluntary conversion of these units to retail/restaurant/other more
active uses. In 24 months, reevaluate status of district revitalization and
whether to continue with this policy.
Question #2: In terms of the continuation of existing uses, what
about existing medical office uses and industrial uses? If they
currently occupy a building, should they be allowed to continue
beyond the 90-day nonconforming use period? (note: this would
apply to the CBD, MU, DMU, and CM zones).
Recommendation: Allow existing medical office spaces to retain
nonconforming status beyond 90 days until such tim e that the district is
determined to be vibrant enough that the underlying economics begin to
support voluntary conversion to retail/restaurant/other more active uses. In
24 months, reevaluate status of district revitalization and whether to
continue with this policy.
Recommendation: Allow existing nonconforming industrial spaces to
retain nonconforming status beyond 90 days provided the new use does
not have any detrimental environmental, noise, or other significant
impacts. Require city review of new industrial use and if acceptable for
new tenants to file an affidavit with city prior to business license approval
agreeing to certain restrictions related to environmental and other impacts.
Similar to office uses, reevaluate this policy in 24 months.
These recommendations are well reasoned and get to the point that the district
simply may not be ready for such restrictive zoning. The recommend ations would
approve a two-year period to allow the continuation of general office, medical
office, and industrial uses. At the end of this two-year period, the situation would
be reviewed again to determine the best method to proceed. Additional
protections are recommended for industrial spaces to require a review of
potential detrimental impacts that could stem from certain uses. This additional
review would occur at the time of issuance of any business license for a use of
this kind, and it seems to be a sensible recommendation for such uses.
It is important to note that these policy changes would be applicable to properties
in all of the “Downtown” zones, which include Mixed Use (MU), Downtown Mixed
Policy No. 20-01
February 11, 2020
Page 5 of 5
Use (DMU), Central Business District (CBD), and Commercial Manufacturing
(CM). These zones are referred to as the “Downtown” zones within the
Development Code, even though some of these zoning designations apply to
property that is not technically within the “Downtown” area. This includes property
that is zoned MU along Live Oak and Las Tunas, and south along First Avenue.
This policy modification is permitted in the Development Code through Section
9108.01.030 of the Development Code, which provides the review authority of
the City Council on “...other applicable policy or regulatory matters related to the
City’s planning process as specified in the City Charter, the Municipal Code, and
this Development Code”. It is recommended that this issue strictly be reviewed
as a temporary action at this point. The impacts of the decision will be reviewed
over the next two years and then re -evaluated to determine whether a full text
amendment is necessary or a change in land use restriction is warranted.
ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
This policy change is not considered a project per the California Environmental
Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines, as it can be seen with certainty that no impacts
will result from the change. Therefore, the policy change is exempt pursuant to
Section 15061(b)(3).
PUBLIC COMMENTS/NOTICE
Notification of this policy modification was published in the Arcadia Weekly on
January 30, 2020. In addition, postcards were mailed to owners of all properties
in the affected zones.
RECOMMENDATION
It is recommended that the Planning Commission consider the policy changes
proposed in this Staff Report and forward a recommendation to the City Council
and that the implementation of these policies is only for a two-year trial period.
If any Planning Commissioner or other interested party has any questions or
comments regarding this matter prior to the February 11, 2020 hearing, please
contact Lisa Flores, Planning & Community Development Administrator at (626)
574-5445, or by email at lflores@ArcadiaCA.gov.
Lisa L. Flores
Planning & Community Development Administrator
Attachment No. 1 – Use Table 2-10 for Commercial & Downtown Zones
Attachment No. 1
Use Table 2-10 – Commercial and Downtown Zones
9102.07 – Special Use Zones 2-42 November 2016
Section 9102.05 – Downtown Zones
Subsections:
9102.05.010 Purpose and Intent
9102.05.020 Land Use Regulations and Allowable Uses in Downtown Zones
9102.05.030 Development Standards in Downtown Zones
9102.05.040 Additional Development Standards in Downtown Zones
9102.05.050 Mixed-Use Lot Consolidation Incentive Program
9102.05.060 Site Plan and Design Review
9102.05.070 Other Applicable Regulations
9102.05.010 Purpose and Intent
Amended by Ord. No. 2356
The purposes of the Downtown zones are to:
1. Promote mixed use residential, retail, and office development at locations that will support transit use; and
2. Promote commercial and mixed-use development that will foster and enhance surrounding residential neighborhoods by
improving access to a greater range of facilities and services.
A. CBD Commercial Business District Zone. The Commercial Business District zone is intended to promote a strong pedestrian-
oriented environment and to serve community and regional needs for retail and service uses, professional offices, restaurants,
public uses, and other similar and compatible uses. Residential uses are permitted above ground floor commercial or adjacent to a
commercial development. Both uses must be located on the same lot or on the same project site. This zone implements the General
Plan Commercial designation.
B. MU Mixed Use Zone. The Mixed Use zone is intended to provide opportunities for commercial and residential mixed-use development
that takes advantage of easy access to transit and proximity to employment centers, and encourages pedestrian activity. A wide
range of integrated commercial and residential uses are appropriate. Residential uses are permitted above ground floor commercial
or adjacent to a commercial development. Both uses must be located on the same lot or on the same project site, and exclusive
residential structures are not allowed. This zone implements the General Plan Mixed Use designation.
C. DMU Downtown Mixed Use Zone. The Downtown Mixed Use zone is intended to provide opportunities for complementary service
and retail commercial businesses, professional offices, and residential uses located within the City’s downtown. A wide range of
commercial and residential uses are appropriate, oriented towards pedestrians to encourage shared use of parking, public open
space, and interaction of uses within the zone. Residential uses are permitted above ground floor commercial or adjacent to a
commercial development. Both uses must be located on the same lot or on the same project site, and e xclusive residential structures
are not allowed. This zone implements the General Plan Downtown Mixed Use designation.
D. C-M Commercial Manufacturing Zone. The C-M zone is intended to provide areas for a complementary mix of light manufacturing
businesses, minor vehicle service and repairs, and support office and retail uses. A wide range of small-scale industrial and quasi-
industrial uses with minimal impact to surrounding uses are appropriate. Retail uses are limited to business services, food service,
and convenience goods for those who work in the area. Residential uses are not permitted in this zone. This zone implements the
General Plan Commercial/Light Industrial designation.
9102.05.020 Land Use Regulations and Allowable Uses in Downtown Zones
Amended by Ord. No. 2348 & 2356
Amended by Ord. No. 2369 & 2370
A. Allowed Uses. Table 2-10 (Allowed Uses and Permit Requirements for Downtown Zones) indicates the land use regulations
for the Downtown zones and any permits required to establish the use, pursuant to Division 7
9102.07 – Special Use Zones 2-43 November 2016
(Permit Processing Procedures). The regulations for each zone are established by letter designations as follows:
“P” represents permitted (allowed) uses.
“A” represents accessory uses.
“M” designates uses that require the approval of a Minor Use Permit subject to requirements of Section 9107.09
(Conditional Use Permits and Minor Use Permits) of this Development Code.
“C” designates uses that require the approval of a Conditional Use Permit subject to requirements of Section 9107.09 09
(Conditional Use Permits and Minor Use Permits) of this Development Code.
“UF ” designates uses that are permitted on upper floors only, and are not allowed on the ground floor of a structure.
“--” designates uses that are not permitted.
B. Director Determination. Land uses are defined in Division 9 (Definitions). In cases where a specific land use or activity is
not defined, the Director shall assign the land use or activity to a classification substantially similar in character. Land uses
not listed in the table or not found to be substantially similar to the land uses below are prohibited.
C. Specific Use Regulations. Where the last column in Table 2-10 (Allowed Uses and Permit Requirements for Downtown
Zones) includes a Section, Subsection, or Division number, the regulations in the referenced Section, Subsection, or
Division shall apply to the use.
Table 2-10
Allowed Uses and Permit
Requirements for Downtown Zones
P
A
C
M
--
(UF)
Permitted by Right
Permitted as an Accessory Use
Conditional Use Permit
Minor Use Permit
Not Allowed
Upper Floor Permitted, Not Allowed on Ground Floor
Land Use
CBD
MU
DMU
CM
Specific Use Regulations
Business, Financial, and Professional
Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) P P P P
Check Cashing and/or Payday Loans -- -- -- -
Financial Institutions and Related Services M M M -
Government Facilities C C C C
Offices, Business and Professional P (UF) P (UF) P P
Eating and Drinking Establishments
Accessory Food Service A A A A
Alcohol Sales (On-Sale, Accessory Only) M M M M
Bars, Lounges, Nightclubs, and T averns C C C C
Outdoor Dining (Incidental and on Public Property) –
12 seats or fewer
P
P
P
P
See Subsections 9104.02.230
(Outdoor Dining Uses on Public
Property) and 9104.02.240 (Outdoor
Dining – Incidental)
Outdoor Dining (Incidental and on Public Property) –
more than 12 seats
M
M
M
M
See Subsections 9104.02.230
(Outdoor Dining Uses on Public
Property) and 9104.02.240 (Outdoor
Dining – Incidental)
Restaurant – Small (with no Alcohol Sales) P P P P
Restaurant – Large (with no Alcohol Sales) P P P P
November 2016
2-44 Division 2 – Zones/Allowable Uses/Development Standards
Table 2-10
Allowed Uses and Permit
Requirements for Downtown Zones
P
A
C
M
--
(UF)
Permitted by Right
Permitted as an Accessory Use
Conditional Use Permit
Minor Use Permit
Not Allowed
Upper Floor Permitted, Not Allowed on Ground Floor
Land Use
CBD
MU
DMU
CM
Specific Use Regulations
Restaurant – Small or Large
With late hours – open between midnight and 6:00
A.M.)
M
C
M
C
See Subsection 9104.02.150
(Extended Hours Uses)
Restaurant – Small or Large
Serving Alcohol, within 300 ft of residential zone
M
M
M
C
See Subsection 9104.02.040 (Alcoholic
Beverage Sales) Restaurant – Small or Large
Serving Alcohol, not within 300 ft of residential zone
P
M
P
C
Education
Schools, Public and Private -- -- -- --
Trade and Vocational Schools C (UF) -- C (UF) C
Tutoring and Education Centers
C (UF)
--
-- C
(UF)
Industry, Manufacturing and Processing, and Warehousing Uses
Brewery and Alcohol Production, with or without
onsite tasting and associated retail commercial use
M
--
M
C
Data Centers -- -- -- C
Food Processing -- -- -- C
Fulfillment Centers -- -- -- C
Light Industrial -- -- -- M
Warehouse Retail (under 40,000 square feet) -- -- -- P
Warehouse Retail (40,000 square feet and over) -- -- -- C
Recycling facilities
Heavy processing -- -- -- --
Large collection -- -- -- C
Light processing -- -- -- --
Reverse Vending Machine(s) -- -- -- P
Small collection -- -- C P
Research and Development -- -- C P
Storage – Accessory A A A A
Storage – Personal -- -- -- M
Wholesaling -- -- -- C
Medical-Related and Care Uses
Day Care, General -- -- -- C
Hospitals and Medical Clinics -- -- -- C
Medical and Dental Offices
P (UF)
P (UF)
P (UF) P
(UF)
Recreation and Entertainment
Arcade (Electronic Game Center) M M M C
9102.07 – Special Use Zones 2-45 November 2016
Table 2-10
Allowed Uses and Permit
Requirements for Downtown Zones
P
A
C
M
--
(UF)
Permitted by Right
Permitted as an Accessory Use
Conditional Use Permit
Minor Use Permit
Not Allowed
Upper Floor Permitted, Not Allowed on Ground Floor
Land Use
CBD
MU
DMU
CM
Specific Use Regulations
Commercial Recreation C C C C
Karaoke and/or sing-along uses
M
M
M
C See Subsection 9104.02.190 (Karaoke
and/or Sing-Along Uses)
Health/Fitness Facilities, Small M M M M
Health/Fitness Facilities, Large M (UF) M (UF) CUP C
Indoor Entertainment C C C M
Studios – Art and Music M M M P
Residential Uses
Accessory Dwelling Unit
A
A
A
If the site currently has a single-family
dwelling or a multifamily dwelling.
Live/Work Unit
--
M (UF)
M (UF)
-- See Subsection 9104.02.210
(Live/Work Units)
Multifamily Dwelling M M M -- Permitted only in conjunction with a
commercial use. Residential uses are
permitted above ground floor
commercial or adjacent to a commercial
development. Both uses must be located
on the same lot or on the same project
site. See Section 9102.05.010
Supportive Housing – Housing Type M (UF) M (UF) M (UF) --
Transitional Housing – Housing Type
M (UF)
M (UF)
M (UF)
--
Short-Term Rental
--
--
--
--
No Person shall post, publish, circulate,
broadcast, or maintain any
advertisement of a Short-Term Rental
in any zone allowing residential uses.
See Section 9104.02.300
Home Sharing
--
--
--
--
No Person shall post, publish, circulate,
broadcast, or maintain any
advertisement for Home Sharing in any
zone allowing residential uses. See
Section 9104.02.300
Retail Uses
Alcohol Beverage Sales
Alcohol Sales (off-sale) M M M C See Subsection 9104.02.040 (Alcoholic
Beverage Sales) Alcohol Sales (off-sale, accessory only) M M M M
Building Material Sales and Services -- -- -- --
Pawn Shop -- -- -- --
Plant Nursery -- -- -- --
Pet Stores, without grooming P P P --
Pet Stores, inclusive of grooming services M M M P
Recreational Equipment Rentals P P P P
Retail Sales P P P P
Retail Carts and Kiosks – Indoor P P P P
Retail Carts and Kiosks – Outdoor
M
M
M
M See Subsection 9104.02.110 (Displays
and Retail Activities – Outdoor)
Secondhand Stores -- -- -- M
November 2016
2-46 Division 2 – Zones/Allowable Uses/Development Standards
Table 2-10
Allowed Uses and Permit
Requirements for Downtown Zones
P
A
C
M
--
(UF)
Permitted by Right
Permitted as an Accessory Use
Conditional Use Permit
Minor Use Permit
Not Allowed
Upper Floor Permitted, Not Allowed on Ground Floor
Land Use
CBD
MU
DMU
CM
Specific Use Regulations
Swap Meets -- -- -- --
Vehicle Rentals -- -- -- P
Vehicle Sales – New and/or Used
C
--
--
C
At least 50 % of the vehicles sold or
leased from the applicable site during
each calendar year shall be new
automobiles.
Service Uses
Animal Boarding/Kennels -- -- -- C
Animal Grooming M M M P
Bail Bond Services -- -- -- --
Funeral Homes and Mortuaries -- -- -- --
Hotels and Motels C C C C
Maintenance and Repair Services, Large Appliance -- -- -- P
Maintenance and Repair Services, Small Appliance P P P P
Personal Services, General P P P P
Personal Services, Restricted -- -- -- C
Postal Services P P P P
Printing and Duplicating Services P P P P
Veterinary Services -- -- -- C
Vehicle Repair and Services
Service/Fueling Station C -- -- --
Vehicle Washing/Detailing A -- -- C
Vehicle Repair, Major -- -- -- M
Vehicle Repair, Minor A -- -- P
Transportation, Communication, and Infrastructure Uses
Antennas and Wireless Communication Facilities -
Co-location
P
P
P
P Exception: All facilities are permitted on
City-owned properties and public
rights-of-way. New standalone facilities
are not permitted in Architectural
Design (D) overlay zones.
See Subsection 9104.02.050
(Antennas and Wireless
Communication Facilities)
Antennas and Wireless Communication Facilities –
Panel
P
P
P
P
Antennas and Wireless Communication Facilities -
Standalone Facility
--
--
--
C
Car Sharing
P
P
P
P
Car sharing parking spaces may not
occupy any space required for another
use.
Off-Street Parking Facilities (not associated with a
primary use)
C
C
C
C
Recharging Stations P P P P
November 2016
2-46 Division 2 – Zones/Allowable Uses/Development Standards
Table 2-10
Allowed Uses and Permit
Requirements for Downtown Zones
P
A
C
M
--
(UF)
Permitted by Right
Permitted as an Accessory Use
Conditional Use Permit
Minor Use Permit
Not Allowed
Upper Floor Permitted, Not Allowed on Ground Floor
Land Use
CBD
MU
DMU
CM
Specific Use Regulations
Utility Structures and Service Facilities
P
P
P
P
Subject to Site Plan and Design
Review pursuant to Section 9107.19
(Site Plan and Design Review).
Other Uses
Assembly/Meeting Facilities, Public or Private -- -- -- M
Donation Box – Outdoor -- -- -- M
Extended Hours Use
M
C
M
C See Subsection 9104.02.150
(Extended Hours Uses)
Places of Religious Assembly -- -- -- M
Drive-Through or Drive-Up Facilities
--
--
--
C See Subsection 9104.02.130 (Drive-
through and Drive-up Facilities)
Reverse Vending Machines – Consumer Goods
P
P
P
P
Allowed indoors only
Vending Machines
P
P
P
P
Allowed indoors only
Urban Agriculture A A A A
(1) Accessory dwelling units are subject to the development standards in Subsection 9102.01.080.